• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.482-490
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• 2001

The gene for glycoprotein B (gB2) of HSV-2-strain G was subcloned, sequenced, recombinated into the lacZ-HcNPV, expressed in insect cells, and compared with the homologous gene of other HSV-2 strains. The ORF of the gB2 gene was 2,715 bp. The overall nucleotide sequence homology of te gB2 gene compared ith that of the two previously reported HSV-2 strains appeared to be over 98%. A recombinant virus named Baculo-gB2 protein in insect cells. The recombination was confirmed by a PCR and the expression was demonstrated by radio immunoprecipitation. Insect cells infected with the Baculo-gB2 virus synthesized and processed gB2 with approximately 120 kDa in the cells, and then secreted it into the culture media, where it reacted with a nomoclonal antibody to gB2. The gB2 polypeptide contained two main hydrophobic regions (a signal sequence from 1 to 23 amino acid residues, and a membrane anchor sequence from aa 745 to 798), eight N-glycosylation sites evenly distributed, and was rich in alanine (11.2%). Antibodies to this recombinant protein that were raised in mice recognized the viral gB2 and neutralized the infectivity of the HSV-2 in vitro. There results show that the gB2 protein was successfully porduced in insect cells and could be used to raise a protective neutralizing antibody. Accordingly, this particular recombinant protein may be useful in the development of a subunit vaccine.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.11
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• pp.605-610
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• 2020

Skeletal myogenesis is a complex process that is finely regulated by myogenic transcription factors. Recent studies have shown that saturated fatty acids (SFA) can suppress the activation of myogenic transcription factors and impair the myogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. Despite the increasing evidence of the roles of miRNAs in myogenesis, the targets and myogenic regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs are largely unknown, particularly when myogenesis is dysregulated by SFA deposition. This study examined the implications of SFA-induced miR-183-5p on the myogenic differentiation in C2C12 myoblasts. Long-chain SFA palmitic acid (PA) drastically reduced myogenic transcription factors, such as myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), and myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), and inhibited FHL1 expression and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, accompanied by the induction of miR-183-5p. The knockdown of FHL1 by siRNA inhibited myogenic differentiation of myoblasts. Interestingly, miR-183-5p inversely regulated the expression of FHL1, a crucial regulator of skeletal myogenesis, by targeting the 3'UTR of FHL1 mRNA. Furthermore, the transfection of miR-183-5p mimic suppressed the expression of MyoD, MyoG, MEF2C, and MyHC, and impaired the differentiation and myotube formation of myoblasts. Overall, this study highlights the role of miR-183-5p in myogenic differentiation through FHL1 repression and suggests a novel miRNA-mediated mechanism for myogenesis in a background of obesity.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.167-174
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• 1985

It has been well recognized that the various cutaneous manifestations associated with the liver diseases. A clinical study was made of 255 patients (AVH 84, LC 70, HC 41, CAH 26, CPH 23, AH11) with the liver diseases at Yeungnam University Hospital during the periods from May to November, 1985. The authors classified the cutaneous manifestations into 7 groups according to pathogenesis, and compared them with other reports. The results were as follows; 1. In 255 patients with various liver diseases, 161 patients (63%) showed the various cutaneous manifestations. 2. The various cutaneous manifestations were jaundice and/or pruritus (43.1%), vascular changes (39.6%), allergic manifestations (10.6%), nail changes (5.1%), hormone-induced changes (4.3%), pigmentary changes (3.5%) and others (2.4%) in that order. 3. Cutaneous manifestations were associated most frequently with liver cirrhosis (1.6 groups) and the least with chronic active hepatitis (0.7 group). 4. Allergic manifestations were seen mainly in patients with acute viral hepatitis. Three patients showed the serum sickness-like prodrome. 5. The other cutaneous manifestations were seen mainly in patients with chronic liver diseases.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.71-75
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• 2019

Sleep apnea is a disease that causes various complications, and the polysomnography is expensive and difficult to measure. The purpose of this study is to develop an unrestricted wearable monitoring system so that patients can be examined in a familiar environment. We used a method to detect sleep apnea events and to determine sleep satisfaction by non-constrained method using SpO2 measurement sensor and 3-axis acceleration sensor. Heart rate and SpO2 were measured at the finger using max30100. After acquiring the SpO2 data of the user in real time, the apnea measurement algorithm was used to transmit the number of apnea events of the user to the mobile phone using Bluetooth (HC-06) on the wrist. Using the three-axis acceleration sensor (mpu6050) attached to the upper body, the number of times of tossing and turning during sleep was measured. Based on this data, this algorithm evaluates the patient's tossing and turning during sleep and transmits the data to the mobile phone via Bluetooth. The power source used 9 volts battery to operate Arduino UNO and sensors for portability and stability, and the data received from each sensor can be used to check the various degree between sleep apnea and sleep tossing and turning on the mobile phone. Through thisstudy, we have developed a wearable sleep apnea measurement system that can be easily used at home for the problem of low sleep efficiency of sleep apnea patients.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.128-132
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• 2007

This study investigated the major components of citrus juice processing wastes (CJPW) as well as mushroom mycelia that were cultivated with the CJPW, such as Pycnoporus coccineus (PC), Lentinus edodes (LE), Pleurotus eryngii (PE), Hericium coralloides (HC), Panellus serotinus (PS) and Ganoderma lucidum (GL). The organic acid contents of the mushroom mycelia were similar to or less than those of the CJPW, but the free sugar contents of the mycelia were lower than those of the CJPW. The narirutin contents of the mushroom mycelia ranged from 448.67-932.98 mg% and were similar to or less than those of the CJPW. However, the hesperidin contents of the mycelia ranged from 3019.94-4980.94 mg% (except for the PC mycelium) and were 17.81-52.61% greater than the CJPW. The dietary fiber contents of the mycelia were similar to or more than those the CJPW. With the exception of PE, the electron donating abilities (EDA) and nitrite scavenging abilities (NSA) showed a tendency to decrease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1741-1745
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• 2005

Zinc is a trace element that is associated with a stimulation of immune function and regulation of ion balance for livestock production. In this study, the effect of zinc as inhibitor to apoptosis-induced cells was examined in vitro using mammary epithelial cell line, HC11 and macrophage cell line, NCTC3749. Cell viability, measured by MTT assay, indicated that 10 g/ml of zinc had a negative impact on cellular activity and 50 ng/ml was chosen for further testing. Apoptosis was induced in cells treated with C2-ceramide in serum-free media. DNA fragmentation and gene expression of acidic sphingomyelinase (a gene responsible for the progress of apoptosis) were distinctively low in zinc treated cells compared with those in non-treated controls. In conclusion, zinc is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in mammary epithelial cells and macrophages.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.169-179
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• 1991

Atmospheric $O_3$ in the biosphere is formed under the favourable meteorological condition, when the primary pollutants, such as $NO_2, HC, CO, CH_4$, etc., react with over constituents. Observed annual average concentrations for 1989 and 1990 were 11.8 and 10.4 ppb, respectively. THe number of days measured ozone over 80 ppb in Seoul were 36 in 1989 and 39 in 1990. In general, monthly maximum values occurred in May and August. In comparison with 1 $\sim$ 2 maxima of $O_3$ distribution in large cities in other countries, it was found that there were 3 $\sim$ 4 maxima in Seoul and its suburbs. Topographic effects, resulted by wind channelling in the Han River valley and by the blocking of air pollutants in the mountain, appeared to produce multiple centres of $O_3$ maxima in Seoul. Surface $O_3$ values were low with decreasing solar radiation, when the cloudiness increased and precipitation occurred. According to 12 cases examined, 2 cases shown here, $O_3$ values exceeding 80 ppb were occurred when the Korean peninsular was under the influence of the backside airflows with high intensity of solar radiation. Occasionally, sea breezes were observed to occur in warm seasons, and the chanelling effect of the Han River valley appeared to increase the general wind (speed) to the east side of Seoul. In this meso-scale situation $O_3$ in downwind is highly correlated with precursors. The sea breeze of 2 $\sim$ 4 m $s^{-1}$ will take 3 $\sim$ 5 hours to transport photochemical precursors for 20 $\sim$ 50 km. In turn the areas of maximum $O_3$ occurrence in Seoul are in the range of meso-scale transport of air pollutants.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 2001

In order to clone the peptide synthetase gene form Lysobacter lactamgenus IFO 14,288, the gene fragments were amplified using primers for the adenylation domain and the thionylation domain of the peptide synthetase genes in other organisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The resulting 0.5-kb fragment was cloned in a pGEM-T vector, and the nucleotide sequences were determined. Six different PCR products were obtained; three were identified to be a part of L-$\alpha$-aminoadipyl-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (ACV) synthetase and three to be other peptide synthetases. Using each of the two different classes of PCR products as mixed probes, a cosmid library of L. lactamgenus chromosomal DNA constructed in a pHC79 vector was screened by an in situ hybridization procedure, and one positive clone was selected which was bound by peptide synthetase gene fragments as well as ACV synthetase gene fragments. The partial sequence analysis formt he obtained pPTS-5 cosmid showed th presence of more than two open reading frames. These were for two putative membrane transporters, which were homologous with several integral membrane proteins including the ABC transporter ATP-binding protein of E. coli (YbjZ) and the metal ion uptake protein of Bacillus subtilis (YvrN). A 45% homology was also found between the two transporter proteins at the carboxy terminus. Through a hydropathy analysis and transmembrane analysis. 4-5 transmembrane domains were found in these two proteins. When the genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, the gene products inhibited the hose cell growth, probably due to the disturbance of the membrane transport system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.11 no.1 s.34
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to conduct a survey of the flame stability range and the emission characteristics for the optimum design of turbulent premixed flat burner. For that, the flame stability range was selected by the direct photography of the flame. And the mean temperature and CO, HC, $CO_{2}\;and\;O_{2}$ concentration distributions by changing the excess air ratio were measured. As results of this study, the flame stability range turned out to be getting narrower as fuel flow was increased. The blue flame mode was more excellent than any other flame modes in the emission characteristics by excess air ratio change. And the emission characteristics by fuel flow change were best at fuel flow 1l/min. Also, we found combustion noise during experiment of flame stability range. It had nothing do with excess air ratio range.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.310-316
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• 2014

Purpose: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder that results from the lack of paternally expressed genes in the chromosome 15q11-q13 region. This study was performed to delineate the clinical features of PWS infants and toddlers and the effects of two-year growth hormone (GH) treatment according to gender and age at the start of treatment. Methods: The clinical characteristics and the results of the GH treatment were reviewed retrospectively for 30 PWS patients diagnosed by molecular genetic testing and clinical manifestations. Results: The mean age at diagnosis with PWS was 13.7 months (2-47 months of age). All patients showed the characteristics of facial dysmorphism, including brown hair and almond-shaped eyes. Most patients showed developmental delays/mental retardation (93.3%), cryptorchidism (75%), feeding problems in infancy (73.3%), and neonatal or infantile hypotonia (66.7%). Among 30 patients, 14 PWS infants and toddlers had been treated with GH for more than two years. Two years of GH treatment resulted in an improvement in head circumference-standard deviation score (HC-SDS), body weight-SDS, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) SDS, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) SDS, lean body mass, and bone mineral content, especially in IGFBP-3 SDS and motor development in PWS patients younger than two years of age. There was significant increase in IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP-3 SDS among male PWS patients after GH treatment. Conclusion: Our study showed increases in IGFBP-3 SDS and an improvement in motor development among individuals under two years of age after GH treatment, and significant difference in IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP-3 SDS by gender.