• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.40-47
• /
• 2003

This paper presents a new evaporative system monitoring method using a virtual HC sensor for an automotive on-board diagnosis. A development was made at providing mathematical expressions from the lambda control information to estimate the HC mass flow purged into the intake manifold from the canister for implementing a virtual HC sensor. The change of the lambda averagevalue reflected the influence of the additional fuel from purging results the sensor estimation of the purged HC amount. Based on this virtual HC sensor, a new evaporative system monitoring method was proposed comparing the amount of purged HC amount with the amount of the HC gas evaporated from the fuel tank and absorbed into the canister. Finally, the method was validated with a simulation using the data logged from the retail car.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2008

This study was performed to compare the efficacy between a DNA chip method and a Hybrid-Capture II assay (HC-II) for detecting human papillomavirus in patients with intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix. From May, 2005, to June, 2006, 192 patients with abnormal colposcopic findings received cervical cytology, HC-II and HPV DNA chip tests, and colposcopic biopsy or conization. We compared the results of HC-II and HPV DNA chip in conjunction with liquid based cervical cytology (LBCC) and confirmed the results of biopsy or conization. The sensitivity of the HPV DNA chip test was higher than HC-II or LBCC. The HPV DNA chip in conjunction with LBCC showed higher sensitivity than any single method and higher sensitivity than HC-II with LBCC. We confirmed that the HPV DNA chip test was more sensitive for detecting HPV in cervical lesions than HC-II, and that it would provide more useful clinical information about HPV type and its multiple infections.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.50 no.3
• /
• pp.179-185
• /
• 2010

The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for the composition blood lymphocyte populations and compare forty three Hanwoo neonatal calves (KC) with twenty one Holstein calves (HC) by blood cell count and immunophynotying. The percentages of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class, MHC class II and WC1+ T cells, B cells were determined by flow cytometry. The number of lymphocyte and monocyte in HC were higher than those of KC. However, the number of neutrophils was higher in HC than KC. The proportions of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, MHC class, and WC1+ lymphocytes remained relatively stable during the study period, while there was a moderate increase in the relative percentage of CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class II and B cell from birth to approximately 3 weeks of age. Marked differences in the relative proportions of the lymphocyte subpopulations were noted between the individual calves. The present study shows that the T-cell subpopulations are present in peripheral blood of KC at levels comparable with HC, while the MHC class II and B cell population of KC increases significantly with age. The absolute number of WBC in KC was due to the decrease of absolute number of neutrophil rather than the increase of lymphocyte. The results indicated that KC have significantly higher number of neutrophils, and proportion of MHC class II and B cell than HC.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.290-299
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate drinking smoking exercise and environmental characteristics and it's risk factors for hypercholesterolemia (HC) in Korean. 344 adult men who took the annual health check-ups at D or J hospitals were participated in this corss-sectional study. The subjects were grouped by plasma total cholesterol level into three groups: normal cholesterolemic(n=139) borderline hyper-cholesterolemic (n=93) and hypercholesterolemic (n-112) groups. The data of plasma cholesterol level in the subjects were collected from medical records. Drinking smoking and exercise habits family and disease history personality type and stress level of subjects were investigated by using questionaries. The subjects with HC had longer drinking duration and drunk more frequently. The proportion of smok-er heavy smoker($\geq$2pack/day) and longer smoker ($\geq$30yrs) showed high in the HC but there were no significancy. The subjects with HC had preference for light exercise and exercised more frequently but there were no significant difference. The family history of cardiovascular diseases was higher in the were not different among the three groups. The relative risks on HC were 1.33 for family history, 1.22 for severe stress 1.06 for smoking and 1.04 for exercise.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.349-352
• /
• 2014

The system for producing magnetic field constitutes an important component of magnetic refrigerator. Many researchers have directed significant effort to increase the magnetic field intensity, because the magnetocaloric effect at the Curie temperature increases with the power of 2/3 of the magnetic field. In this study, we report the simulation of the magnetic field intensity at polar axis of a Halbach cylinder (HC) by i) changing the length and thickness of the HC, ii) having with or without gap of the HC, and iii) surrounding the HC with a soft magnet shell, acting as a shielding. We simulated the field distribution of a HC with a finite size. Furthermore, the detailed numerical results of the magnetic field distribution and its dependence on shielding are presented in this study.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.145-155
• /
• 2004

From the cooking data, Japanese rice showed higher water uptake but lower expansion volume, pH and iodine blue value than those of Korean rice. Japanese rice had higher maximum viscosity, breakdown viscosity and pasting temperature but lower final viscosity and setback viscosity than those of Korean rice by RVA analysis. Japanese rice had higher LC (low compression) hardness, U stickiness and HC (high compression) stickiness, LC balance and HC balance, but had lower HC hardness and thickness in the tensipresser data. Also Japanese rice had higher stickiness and balance, and lower hardness from the texturometer analysis. Japanese rice showed higher a cooked taste score than that of the Satake cooked taste machine. The various mean values of Japanese rice after cooking showed better cooking characteristics than the Korean rice. These results might be caused because Japanese rice had a little lower amylose and protein content, but higher tat acidity content.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2011

This study was initiated to investigate the effects of lyophilized purslane (Portulaca oleracea) powder (5% and 10%) on lipid levels in rats fed a hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet (1% cholesterol). During the four week study, there were no significant differences in either weight change or the food efficiency ratio between the group fed the hypercholesterol diet alone (HC) and the groups fed the purslane powder (HCPO-I and HCPO-II, 5% and 10% purslane, respectively). In serum, the levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and LDL-C decreased significantly for the group fed the 10% purslane powder (HCPO-II) in comparison with the group fed the 5% purslane powder (HCPO-I). The atherogenic index (AI) was reduced by about 51% for the group fed the 10% purslane powder (1.47) in comparison with the HC group (3.03). The activities of GOT, GPT, ALP and LDH decreased significantly for the groups fed the purslane powder in comparison with the HC group. Regarding liver tissue, the levels of total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride decreased significantly for the purslane powder-fed rats compared to the HC group. The fecal lipid profiles increased significantly as the amount of purslane powder was increased. Compared to the HC group, the fecal total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in the group fed the 10% purslane powder by about 2.8 times and 2.3 times, respectively. For the serum and liver tissue, the content of lipid peroxide decreased significantly in the groups fed purslane powder compared to the HC group. The data from this experiment show an increase in the lipid levels discharged in feces, suggesting that the supplementation of purslane powder to a hypercholesterolemia-inducing diet reduces lipid levels.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 2001

In this study the leakage current measurement method based on a porous ceramic is applied to check the conductive substance caused by the ionized particles. By using engine and chassis dynamometer and an experiment vehicle, in which the hydrocarbon sensor (HC sensor) was exposed to the exhaust gas to create the electrical signal, the HC sensor in the exhaust line checked the conductive ions in emission gas. Generally the output electrical signal of HC sensor is followed with amount of hydrocarbon in the experiments in cold start and operation. By combining the electrical signal, a measure of conductivity of exhaust gas with hydrocarbon can be provided by OBD (On Board Diagnosis) II and EMS (Engine Management System).

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2019.07a
• /
• pp.71-73
• /
• 2019

The output current of the Grid Connected Inverter (GCI) can be polluted with harmonics mainly due to i) dead time in switches, ii) non-linearity of switches, iii) grid harmonics, and iv) DC link fluctuation. Therefore, it is essential to design the robust Harmonic Compensation (HC) technique for the improvement of output current quality and fulfill the IEEE 1547 Total harmonics Distortion (THD) limit i.e. <5%. The conventional harmonic techniques often are complex in implementation due to their i) additional hardware needs, ii) complex structure, iii) difficulty in tuning of parameters, iv) current controller compatibility issues, and v) higher computational burden. In this paper, to eliminate the harmonics from the GCI output current, a novel Digital Lock-In Amplifier (DLA) based harmonic detection is proposed. The advantage of DLA is that it extracts the harmonic information accurately, which is further compensated by means of PI controller in feed forward manner. Moreover, the proposed HC method does not require additional hardware and it works with any current controller reference frame. To show the effectiveness of the proposed HC method a 5kW GCI prototype built in laboratory. The output current THD is achieved less than 5% even with 10% load, which is verified by simulation and experiment.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.132-139
• /
• 2015

Recently, $p16^{INK4a}$/Ki-67 dual immunostaining has been introduced as a new biomarker protocol for early detection of uterine cervical dysplasia and cancer in liquid-based cytology (LBC). We performed the $p16^{INK4a}$/Ki-67 dual immunostaining using a CINtec$^{(R)}$ PLUS kit in a total of 109 LBC cases of cervicovaginal smear and compared its results with those from LBC, HPV hybrid capture II (HC II) test and histological diagnosis. Expression of $p16^{INK4a}$ and Ki-67 was significantly associated with cases of LSIL or higher in cytological diagnosis and cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 or higher in histological diagnosis (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Among forty-six cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) in LBC, $p16^{INK4a}$ and Ki-67 was expressed in 31 (67.4%), which were positively associated with cases of CIN I lesion or higher in histology. The sensitivity of $p16^{INK4a}$/Ki-67 dual immunostaining for finding lesions of CIN 1 or higher was 89.0%, which was higher than LBC. The specificity was 73.5%, which was higher than that of the HC II test. Based on these results, the $p16^{INK4a}$/Ki-67 dual immunostaining method can be a useful diagnostic marker for improving the sensitivity of LBC and the specificity of HC II test.