• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.117-129
• /
• 1985

Holmberg's diameters of galaxies $D_{h}$ were obtained from Holmberg catalogue. The difference between Holmberg's diameter and de Vaucouleurs' face-on diameter is campared with the results of Heidmann et al. The difference obtained in this paper is smaller than that of Heidmann at al. Also, the correlation between $D_{h}$ and $D_{v}$ was obtained for each type in de Vaucouleurs' classification of galaxies. It shows that $D_{h}$ is overestimated that $D_{v}$.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 1976

A comparison betwen the productivity of Pinus rigida which is native in the Eastern United States, and P. rigitaeda which is F1 hybrid between P. rigida and P. taeda, has been established. For each tree the diameter at breast height (D) and the height of tree (H) were measured in three years. The standard sample trees were down and then weighed each organ. From obtained data the allometric relation between $D_2H$ and dry weight of the trunk (Ws), the branches (Wb) and the leaves (Wl) of P. rigida were approxmated by $$Ws=0.0592 (D^2H)^{0.837}$$ $$Wb=0.0065 (D^2H)^{0.989}$$ $$Wl=0.0447(D^2H)^{0.690}$$ and those of P. rigitaeda were approximated by $$Ws=0.0522 (D^2H)^{0.843}$$ $$Wb=0.0037 (D^2H)^{1.117}$$ $$Wl=0.0207 (D^2H)^{0.856}$$ From the above, the standing crops of above ground of P. rigida were estimated to be as much as 16.93-34.35 ton dry matter per ha, and those of P. rigitaeda were 20.45-45.55 ton per ha. Annual net production was appraised at 8.07-9.35 ton/ha.yr in P. rigida and at 11.59-13.41 ton/ha.yr in P. rigitaeda (1.0:1.4). It is assumed that high productivity of P. rigitaeda stand compared with P. rigida resulted from an increase of the leaf amount with age. Photosynthetic ability under the saturated light of the current and theold leaves of P. rigida were respectively 2.62 and 0.66mg CO2/g. d. wt..hr and those of P. rigitaeda were 1.17 and 0.96mg CO2/g.d. wt.hr. Respiration of the current and the old leaves at $25^{\circ}C$ were 1.00 and 0.90 mg CO2/g. d. wt..hr. in P. rigida and 0.90 and 0.45mg CO2/g.d.wt.hr in P. rigitaeda. It is assumed that photosynthetic longevity of P. rigitaeda leaves was vigorously maintained longer than that of P. rigida.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this experiment was to study the feeding behavior and running speed under various feed deprivation lengths and social environments. Three trials were conducted. Trial 1: ten pigs were trained individually to run a course and eat their feed at the end of the course. The pigs were deprived feed for 1, 5, 10 or 20 h. Trial 2: 1. Two pigs ran and ate together. Both pigs had 5 h of feed deprivation before the run (D5). 2. Two pigs ran and ate alone, but both pigs had 5 h of feed deprivation before the run (S5). 3. Two pigs ran and ate together. Both had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (D1). 4. Two pigs ran and ate alone and both pigs had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (S1). 5. Two pigs ran together, one had 5 h of feed deprivation, and the other had 1 h of feed deprivation before the run (51). Trial 3: 1. On the 1st day 5 pairs of pigs had 5 h feed deprivation and could eat feed together at (B) point (D1). 2. On the 2nd day the pigs ran and ate alone at (B) point after 5 h of feed deprivation. Feed was obtainable (D2). On the 3rd to 6th days, the pigs ran in pairs after 5 h of feed deprivation and only the dominant pig ate feed at point (B). The inferior pig was chased back to room and fed there. This stage was continued for four consecutive days, d 3 to 6. In trial 1, the running speed of pigs increased with the length of feed deprivation until 10 h, then being stable afterwards. Total feeding time increased with the length of feed deprivation (p<0.001). Eating speed did not increase with the length of feed deprivation (p>0.05). In trial 2, nine of ten pigs in treatment D5 ran faster than those in S5. Seven of the ten pigs in treatment S1 ran faster than those in treatment D1. The pigs in treatment D5 had significantly higher feed intake (p<0.001) and eating speed (p<0.05) than the pigs in other treatments. In trial 3, there were significant differences on running speed between D1 and D6 (p<0.01) and between D2 and D1, D3, D4 and D5. The inferior pig ran faster in D2 but from 3 to 6 it was the dominant pig that showed the greatest speed in completing the whole course. The results demonstrated that the pigs with low feeding motivation may cause low running speed to feed and low feed intake of the neighbor when compared with pigs kept individually.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.1092-1093
• /
• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09b
• /
• pp.870-870
• /
• 2006

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.6
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2016

The effect of substrate size on the radiation characteristics of an H-plane 5-elements linear array antenna with an aperture coupled microstrip patch antenna (ACMPA) as unit element is investigated. The distance between the patch center and the substrate edge on the E-plane ($d_E$) and that on the H-plane ($d_H$) at which the maximum broadside gain of an H-plane 5-elements linear array antenna occurs are the same to those of single ACMPA using a unit element. Besides, $d_E$ and $d_H$ at which the minimum broadside gain of an H-plane 5-elements linear array antenna occurs are almost the same to those of single ACMPA using a unit element. The edge effect on the radiation characteristics of an H-plane 5-elements linear array antenna is mainly determined by $d_E$. The optimum substrate size for the radiation characteristics of an H-plane linear array antenna could be obtained from that of single ACMPA using a unit element of an H-plane linear array antenna.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.41 no.12
• /
• pp.645-652
• /
• 1997

Hydride complexes Cp*Ru(CO)(PR3)H (Cp*=η5-C5Me5, PR3=PMe3, PEt3, PMePh2, PPh3, PCy3)(4a-4f) were synthesized by the reaction of the corresponding chloro complex Cp*Ru(CO)(PR3)Cl (3a-3f) with various hydridic reagent (NaBH4, LiAlH4, LiBEt3H) or NaOMe. Irradiation of Cp*Ru(CO)(PCy3)H (5e) in C6D6 solution with UV light caused H/D exchange reaction between coordinated Cp*, PCy3 and/or Ru-H ligand proton and a deuterium of the deuterated aromatic solvent through a series of inter- and intramolecular C-H activation. The proposed mechanism was described.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.216-227
• /
• 1993

Complex formations of practically insoluble antelmintic drugs such as mebendazole (MBZ), albendazole (ABZ) and flubendazole (FBZ) with dimethyl-$\beta$-cyclodextrin (DM-$\beta$-CyD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-$\beta$-cyclodextrin (HP-$\beta$-CyD) together with $\alpha$-, $\beta$- and $\gamma$-cyclodextrins(CyDs) in duffered solutions were investigated by solubility method. $A_{L}$ type phase solubility diagrams were obtained in all cases except for the complexation (B$_{s}$, type) of FBZ with $\gamma$-CyD. The highest stability constants were obtained with DM-$\beta$-CyD, followed by $\alpha$-CyD > $\beta$-CyD > HP-$\beta$-CyD > $\gamma$-CyD for ABZ, and HP-$\beta$-CyD > $\gamma$-CyD > $\beta$-CyD > $\alpha$-CyD for FBZ at pH 1.2. On the other hand, solid dispersion systems of ABZ and FBZ with $\beta$- and DM-$\beta$-CyDs were prepared by solvent evaporation method and evaluated by dissolution, differential thermal analysis and powder x-ray diffractometry. The dissolution rates of ABZ- and FBZ-DM-$\beta$-CyD solid dispersions were much faster than those of drugs alone, corresponding physical mixtures and tablets on market both at pH 1.2 and 6.8. Although dissolution rates of all samples at pH 6.8 were by far lower than those obtained at pH 1.2, as explained by pH-solubility profiles for ABZ and FBZ, the dissolution rates at pH 6.8 of ABZ from $\beta$- and DM-$\beta$-CyD solid dispersions exceeded the respective equilibrium solubility (23.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). Fast dissolution of ABZ from solid dispersions with CyDs was attributed to the reduction of drug crystallinity and particle size which was supported by DTA and powder x-ray diffractometry. Consequently these results suggest that solid dispersion systems with CyDs may provide useful means to markedly enhance the solubility and dissolution of benzimidazole antelmintic drugs.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 1992

nif (nitrogen fixation)-H.D, K genes of Frankia sp. SNU 014201. a symbiotic strain isolated from root nodule of Alnus hirsura, were found to be located in the genome on 13.5 kb of EcoRI, 18.0 kb of BamHI, 10.5 kb of BglII and 4.5 kb of KpnI fragments. Using EMBL-3 BamHI arms of bacteriophage lambda. the genomic library was constructed. from which fourteen recombinant phage nif-clones were selected. Among them, Ahnif-I2 had insert DNA of 18 kb, in which 7.9 kb of BamHl fragment contained nif-H, D, K and 3.6 kb of HindlIl/KpnI had nif-H and partial -D. Therefore, the 7.9 kb and 3.6 kb fragments were subcloned and partial restriction maps were constructed. As the results, nif-F1, D.K genes were found to be located continuously on the 6.5 kb of HindII/BamHI and 5.2 kb of SalIIBamHI fragment in the genome of Frankia sp. SNU 014201.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2009.08a
• /
• pp.223-223
• /
• 2009