• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.185-191
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to improve production efficiency of vitrified-thawed transgenic bovine embryos. Transgenic bovine embryos were produced by injection of FIV-GFP lentiviral vector into perivitelline space of in vitro matured MII stage oocytes, and then in vitro fertilization. EGFP-expressing transgenic bovine blastocysts were cultured in serum-containing and serum-free medium. These blsatocysts were vitrified by pull and cut (PNC) container made with 0.25 cm plastic straw. Results indicate that total developmental rates of normal IVF embryo cultured in serum-containing and-free medium into blastocyst were not significantly different (22.3 vs 21.5%) and those of GFP-expressing transgenic bovine embryo into blastocyst showed no significant difference between serum-containing (13.9%) and-free medium (13.1%). However, developmental rate of GFP transgenic embryo was significantly (P<0.05) lower than its of normal IVF embryos. In additional study, we vitrified GFP transgenic normal bovine blastocysts using PNC vitrification method. Survival rate of vitrified-thawed GFP transgenic blastocyst (23.1%) was significantly (P<0.05) lower than its of normal blastocysts (68.9%). Although, survival rate of vitrified-thawed GFP transgenic blastocyst was lower than its of normal blastocyst, our result may suggested that PNC vitrification method is feasible to cryopreserve transgenic embryos. Our next plan will be the production of GFP express transgenic bovine derived from vitrified-thawed embryos using PNC method.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2016

Purpose: This study identified the characteristics differentiating node-first presentation of Kawasaki disease (NFKD) from bacterial cervical lymphadenitis (BCL) and typical Kawasaki disease (KD). Methods: From July 2007 to June 2015, the medical records of patients with BCL, NFKD, and typical KD were retrospectively reviewed. We analyzed and compared the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging characteristics of the cohorts. Results: Twenty-two patients with BCL, 37 with NFKD, and 132 with typical KD were included in this study. Patients with BCL had longer durations of hospitalization than patients with NFKD. Bilateral and multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes were associated more with NFKD than BCL. Compared with BCL patients, NFKD patients had lower platelet counts, higher percentages of neutrophils, and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. NFKD patients were older and presented with higher white blood cell counts, percentages of neutrophils, absolute neutrophil counts, and CRP levels as well as lower platelet counts and alanine aminotransferase levels than typical KD patients. Conclusions: In febrile patients with cervical lymphadenopathy, the combination of bilateral and multiple enlarged nodes, low platelet count, high percentage of neutrophils, and high CRP levels should prompt consideration of NFKD for prevention of delayed diagnosis of KD.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.638-646
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• 2014

Soil erosion from agricultural fields leads to various environmental problems weakening the capabilities of flood control and ecosystem in water bodies. Regarding these problems, Ministry of Environment of South-Korea prepared various structural and non-structural best management practices (BMPs) to control soil erosion. However, a lot of efforts are required to monitor and develop BMPs. Thus, modeling techniques have been developed and utilized for these issues. This study estimated the effectiveness of BMPs which are a vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model through the adjustment of the conservation practice factors, P factors, for Universal Soil Loss Equation which were calculated by monitoring data collected at the segment plots. Each BMP was applied to the areas with slopes ranged from 7% to 13% in the Haeanmyeon watershed. As a result of simulation, the vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel showed 55% and 59% efficiency of soil erosion reduction, respectively. Also, Vegetation mat with infiltration roll and Roll type vegetation channel showed each 11.2% and 11.8% efficiency in reduction of sediment discharge. These roll type vegetation channel showed greater efficiency of soil erosion reduction and sediment discharge. Based on these results, if roll type vegetation channel is widely used in agricultural fields, reduction of soil erosion and sediment discharge of greater efficiency would be expected.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.443-458
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• 2005

Late Quaternary deposits of the core in the western area of the Nakdong River delta consist of four sedimentary units: Unit I, II, III and IV, in ascending order, controlled by the sea-level change since the last interglacial period. Unit I unconformable overlying Cretaceous basement rocks is composed of sandy gravel and sand deposited in a fluvial channel before the first marine transgression. Unit II composed of stiff massive mud is interpreted as a shallow marine deposits formed during the last interglacial period (probably MIS 5). The development of the fissures coated with oxidized materials in the upper part of Unit II is a feature of subaerial exposure, which indicates erosional contact with the upper Unit III. Unit III is made up of soft massive mud and soft shelly massive mud deposited in a tidal flat and a inner shelf, respectively, since the Holocene transgression (about 9,000 yr BP). Unit Ⅳ consisted of soft shell bedded mud and yellowish sandy mud was deposited in the delta environments during the regression (after about 5,000 yr BP). The lower shell bedded mud was deposited in a tidal flat and the upper sandy mud was deposited in the floodplain corresponding to present site of the Nakdong River delta.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.891-898
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• 2008

This study was conducted to develop the effects of site environmental factors on estimation of site index function for Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher stands. We derived nonlinear growth equation and the draw site index curves by applying this estimated equation. This study with Chapman-Richards function showed significant P-value which was less then 0.0001 and $R^2$ value 0.5947. This study was conducted to develop the feasible site index equation of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher. For the table, the data of 82 sample areas that were thought to be without errors among the data of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher sample area located on the value-oriented forest location chart were used and estimated. After analyzing the quantification method I based on 13 environmental factors to develop the score table for the site-index estimation of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher, $R^2$ value of the model was 0.7555. It has been analyzed that the scope value of Soil moisture in horizon A was 7.5045, that of total soil depth was 6.3896, that of topography was 5.3471, that of slope was 4.7000 and that of aspect was 3.2038. After analyzing the partial correlation to examine the factors that affected most the site-index of Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher, it has been noted that the partial correlation of climatic zone was 0.4987, which was highest, and it was followed by Soil moisture in horizon A (0.4592), slope (0.4537), topography (0.3299) and total soil depth (0.1035). As a result of conducting the significance test for partial correlation, it has been found that topography, climatic zone, parent rock, slope, altitude, aspect, Soil moisture in horizon A, soil hardness in horizon A and total soil depth were recognized significant with 1% of significance level and sedimentary type and soil texture in horizon A were recognized significant with 5% of significance level.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.17 no.4 s.38
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• pp.55-71
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• 2005

This study attempts to analyze research Quality about home economics and education, based on the studies in the Journal of Korean Home Ecomics Education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the recent studies in hem economics and find out the desirable direction of it. The findings of study are as follow: While the numbers of articles appeared in The Korea Association of Practical Arts Education and Korean Home Economics Education Association are increasing, The Korean Home economics Association does not show the increase the number of articles. According to the historical changes and distribution, the majority was teaching-learning method and teaching materials. Also, from the point of view in research thesis, there were more articles in home economics and education than any others, In addition, among the various types of research, survey was most frequently used. There was significant differences of the sizes of groups according to the different journals, but the one group research was most frequent and one certain research area was dominant. The teams consist of two people showed the highest ratio, and junior high and high school were the most frequently researched institutions. Generally, it is hard to find research grant. Though there is much difference in numbers of references based upon various journals, almost all articles cited reference date not only from Korean articles, but also from international articles.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.15-25
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• 2014

In this study, types of rock slope failure are analyzed by considering both joint characteristics investigated on previous landslide regions located at northern part of Mt. Jiri and geographic features of natural slopes deduced from GIS. The landslide prediction map was produced by superposing the frequency ratio layers for the six geographic features including elevation, slope aspect, slope angle, shaded relief, curvature and stream distance, and then the landslide risk map was deduced by combination of the prediction map and the damage map obtained by taking account of humanity factors such as roads and buildings in the study area. According to analysis on geographic features for previous landslide regions, the landslides occurred as following rate: 88% at 330~710 m in elevation, 77.7% at $90{\sim}270^{\circ}$ in slope aspect, 93.9% at $10{\sim}40^{\circ}$ in slope angle, 82.78% at grade3~7 in shaded relief, 86.28% at -5~+5 in curvature, and 82.92% within 400m in stream distance. Approximately 75% of the landslide regions belongs to the region of 'high' or 'very high' grade in the prediction map, and 13.27% of the study area is exposed to 'high risk' of landslide.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.31-49
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• 2010

This study held two objectives. One was to clarify life skill differences between Japanese and Korean university students. The other was to gain suggestions for further development of Japanese and Korean home economics education. A survey on life skills was delivered to university students in Japan and Korea in 2008. The survey included 82 life skills. The participants were asked the same three questions for each life skill: if the life skill was one a participant was already practicing ("Practice"), if the life skill was one the participant wanted to learn more to improve his/her life ("To be improved"), and if the life skill was one the participant expected people should learn in Home Economics ("Expectation"). The results did not show outstanding differences with the "Practice" rates between Japan and Korea, but characterized strength and weakness of each country's life skill "Practice." Both Japanese and Korean participants mainly showed a greater desire to improve the life skills they indicated low "Practice" for. As well, the Korean participants revealed significantly lower "Expectation" to learn most of the life skills. As a result, this study created several implications for Japanese and Korean home economics education. For example, one implication is necessity to increase substantively enough class hours for all school levels. Another is promoting the social understanding for the meaningfulness of home economics education.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.643-656
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• 2019

The development of hot social networking services, including the Internet, has transformed rental car services into IT-based car-sharing services. The car-sharing service is a service that allows people to rent cars online without having to face-to-face. It has become the preffered service among young people who are accustomed to drinking and eating alone. Users can use their smartphones to book their types of cars and hours of rent, and then go to a nearby designated parking lot to use their reserved cars. You can open a designated car door with a smart phone and drive. It is a very convenient service to pay for the distance you drive. However, the car-sharing service already in use in business has the following problems: underage who do not have a driver's license may drive a car borrowed by an acquaintance, the status of a license registered at the time of join membership with a car-sharing company may change to a suspension or cancellation of a license while renting and driving, or even a drunk person may rent a car and drive. In this paper, the method to solve these problems has been studied and proposed. The proposed method is to reduce the cost of investment by a car-sharing service provider and to minimize user inconvenience. And, it was compared and analyzed with the existing method. For the method to be used efficiently, the active operation of the car-sharing company and the government's policies will have to be supported.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.447-460
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• 2001

The purpose of this study were to identify a relationship between symptom of health and fatigue-regulation behavior in middle-aged women. The subjects were 241 women living in Seoul and near the city, ranging in ages of 30-59(mean= 42.1 years) being interviewed during the month of Oct. to Dec., 2000. The following questionnaires were utilized in this study: a self reported symptom of health and a fatigue-regulation behavior scale originated from Kwon(1997). The analysis for the data was done by SAS program, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation. The results of this study were as follows 1. Total mean scores of health status were shown 29.1, physical symptom 17.9 and psychological symptom 11.2. According to symptom of body system were higher in muscular-skeletal sympom 5.5, neurologic symptom 3.5, and digestive symptom 2.7. 2. The mean scores of symptom of health were significantly different in duraion of marriage, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family, hours of sleep. Physical symptom was significantly different in years of educational, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family, hours of sleep. Psychological symptom was significantly different in parity, whether or not having past illness, perceived fatigue. 3. The neurologic symptom was significantly different in years of education, status of menstruation, perceived fatigue, time to rest The respiratory symptom was significantly different in years of education, status of menstruation and hours of physical exercise. The muscular-skeletal symptom was significantly different duration of marriage, status of menstruation, BMI. perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family. The cardiovascular symptom was significantly different in whether or not having religion, number of children, duration of marriage, number of pregnancy & abortion, parity, status of menstruation, BMI. The digestive symptom was significantly different in whether or not having religion and the number of children. The urologic symptom was significantly different in whether or not having job, type of family, status of menstruation, BMI, perceived fatigue, perceived cause of fatigue, perceived help of family. The score of fatigue was significantly different in number of pregnancy. 4. There were significantly positive relationships in the area of symptom on health, especially fatigue was significantly positive relationships in score of symptom of health, physical symptom and psychological symptom. 5. They choose fatigue-regulation behavior physical rest, method of diversion, management of stress, enough sleep, and psychological rest in order. In the near future, it is required that further studies investigate socio-environmental factors related to symptoms of health and develop programs motivating fatigue-regulation behaviors actively.