• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6357-6362
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• 2012

Background: To determine the prevalence of mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation (p-mTOR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and any correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis in ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients. Materials and Method: Seventy four paraffin-embedded specimens of such carcinomas frompatients who underwent surgery, received adjuvant chemotherapy and were followed up at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital during January 2002 to December 2008 were stained with rabbit monoclonal IgG p-mTOR and rabbit polyclonal IgG VEGF using immunohistochemical methods. Medical records were reviewed and clinical variables were analysed. Results: The prevalence of positive p-mTOR in ovarian clear cell carcinoma was 87.9% and significantly higher in advance-stage than early-stage patients (100% versus 83.6%, P<0.05). Two-year disease free survival and 2-year overall survival in patients with positive p-mTOR expression were 60% and 69.2% with no differences from patients with negative p-mTOR expression (p>0.05). The prevalence of VEGF expression was 63.5% and significantly higher in chemo-sensitive than chemo-resistant patients (70.7% versus 37.5%, P<0.05). Two-year disease free survival and 2-year overall survival in patients with VEGF expression were 72.3% and 83% respectively which were significantly different from patients with negative VEGF expression (p<0.05). Conclusions: p-mTOR expression in ovarian clear cell carcinoma was significantly correlated with the stage of disease. VEGF expression was significantly correlated with chemosensitivity, and survival. Further studies of related targeted therapy might be promising.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2061-2066
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• 2016

Purpose: To determine the significance of P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry expression in the histopathological diagnosis of hydatidiform mole. Materials and Methods: Hydatidiform mole patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between January 1999 and December 2011 were recruited. Two gynecologic pathologists reviewed histopathologic slides to confirm diagnosis. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained using a bstandard immunostaining system with monoclonal antibodies against P57KIP2 protein. Correlations among pathological features, immunohistochemical expression and clinical data were analyzed. Results: One hundred and twenty-seven hydatidiform mole patients were enrolled. After consensus review, 97 cases were diagnosed as complet (CHM) and 30 cases as partial (PHM). Discordance between the first and final H&E diagnoses was found in 19 cases (14.9%, k= 0.578). Significant pathological features to classify the type of hydatidiform mole are central cisterns, trophoblastic proliferation, trophoblastic atypia, two populations of villi, fetal vessels and scalloped borders. After performing immunohistochemistry for P57KIP2, 107 cases were P57KIP2 negative and 20 cases positive. Discordant diagnoses between final H&E diagnosis and P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry was identified in 12 cases (9.4%). Sensitivity of final H&E diagnosis for CHM was 89.7%; specificity was 95.0%. PHM sensitivity and specificity of final H&E diagnosis was 95.0% and 89.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Histopathological diagnosis alone has certain limitations in accurately defining types of hydatidiform mole; P57KIP2 immunohistochemistry is practical and can be a useful adjunct to histopathology to distinguish CHM from non-CHM.

• Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.82.1-82.13
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• 2018

Objective: The impact of beta blockers (BBs) on survival outcomes in ovarian cancer was investigated. Methods: By using Korean National Health Insurance Service Data, Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to analyze hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for confounding factors. Results: Among 866 eligible patients, 206 (23.8%) were BB users and 660 (76.2%) were non-users. Among the 206 BB users, 151 (73.3%) were non-selective beta blocker (NSBB) users and 105 (51.0%) were selective beta blocker (SBB) users. BB use in patients aged ${\geq}60$ years, longer duration use (${\geq}1$ year), in patients with Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ${\geq}3$, and in cardiovascular disease including hypertension was associated with better survival outcome. These findings were observed in both NSBB and SBB. When duration of medication was analyzed based on number of days, NSBB (${\geq}180$ days) was associated with improved overall survival (OS) with a relatively shorter period of use compared to SBB (${\geq}720$ days). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, longer duration of BB medication (${\geq}1$ year) was an independent favorable prognostic factor for both OS and disease-specific survival in ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion: In our nationwide population-based cohort study, BB use was associated with better survival outcomes in ovarian cancer in cases of long term duration of use, in older patients, and in cardiovascular and/or other underlying disease (CCI ${\geq}3$).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.5037-5041
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• 2015

Background: An hCG regression curve has been used to predict the natural history and response to chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic disease. We constructed hCG regression curves in high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) treated with EMA/CO and identified an optimal hCG level to detect EMA/CO resistance in GTN. Materials and Methods: Eighty-one women with GTN treated with EMA/CO were classified as primary high-risk GTN (n = 65) and single agent-resistance GTN (n = 16). The hCG levels prior to each course of chemotherapy were plotted in the 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles to construct the hCG regression curves. Diagnostic performance was evaluated for an optimal cut-off value. Results: The median hCG levels were 264,482 mIU/mL mIU/mL and 495.5 mIU/mL mIU/mL for primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance GTN, respectively. The 50th percentile of the hCG level in primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance turned to normal before the 4th and the 2nd course of chemotherapy, respectively. The 90th percentile of the hCG level in primary high-risk GTN and single agent-resistance turned to normal before the 9th and the 2nd course of chemotherapy, respectively. The hCG level of ${\geq}118.6mIU/mL$ mIU/mL at the 5thcourse of EMA/CO predicted the EMA/CO resistance in primary high-risk GTN patients with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: EMA/CO resistance in primary high-risk GTN can be predicted by using an hCG regression curve in combination with the cut-off value of 118.6 mIU/mL at the 5thcourse of chemotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1609-1613
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• 2015

Purpose: To determine the rate of lymph node metastasis, oncologic and pregnancy outcomes in apparent early-stage malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT). Materials and Methods: Medical records of apparent early-stage MOGCT patients undergoing primary surgical treatment at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between January 2006 and December 2013, were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Thirty-eight patients had apparent stage I-II MOGCT. The mean age was $22.1{\pm}7.7years$ (median, 20.8 years; range, 7.7-35.6 years). The mean tumor size was $17.8{\pm}6.5cm$ with a median of 20 (range 4-30) cm. Three most common histopathologies were dysgerminoma (12 patients, 31.6%), immature teratoma (12 patients, 31.6%), and endodermal sinus tumor (6 patients, 15.8%). Twenty-seven of 38 patients underwent lymphadenectomy; 13 patients (48.2%) were stage IA and 8 patients (29.6%) were stage IC. The rate of retroperitoneal nodes metastasis was 7.4% (2/27 patients). At 26.1 months of median follow-up time (range 1.9-88.5 months), 9 patients retained fertility functions, with uneventful pregnancies in 3 of these. Only one patient (2.6%) had progression of disease at 4.9 months after surgery. The 5-year survival rate was 97.4%. Conclusion: As the rate of pelvic or para-aortic node metastasis in MOGCT is considerable, lymphadenectomy should be incorporated in surgical staging procedures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1145-1148
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• 2014

Background: Single pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is commonly used as a salvage treatment in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma (PPA) with a satisfactory outcome. However, the data for second generation PLD administered in this setting are still limited. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the outcome of patients who received single-agent second generation PLD (LIPO-DOX) after the development of clinical platinum resistance. The study period was between March 2008 and March 2013. LIPO-DOX was administered intravenously 40 $mg/m^2$ every 28 days until disease progression, but for not more than six cycles. The response rate was evaluated using the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) criteria while the toxicity was evaluated according to WHO criteria. Twenty-nine patients met the inclusion criteria in the study period with an overall response rate of 13.8%. The median progression free survival and overall survival were three and eleven months, respectively. With the total of 96 cycles of chemotherapy, the patients developed grades 3 and 4 hematologic toxicity as follows: anemia, 0%, leukopenia, 9.6%, neutropenia, 32.3% and thrombocytopenia, 0%. In conclusion, the single agent second generation PLD demonstrated modest efficacy in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer and PPA without serious toxicity.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-128
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• 2004

This thesis is focused to get treatment on climacteric syndrome through literary study. The results are followed as below. 1. The climacteric syndrome is beginning with lowering of secretion of female hormone. It's not understood as abnormal disease but as normal phenomenon. 2. The causes of climacteric syndrome are defined as deficiency of the Kidney, stagnation of Liver, disharmony between Heart and Kidney, insufficiency of both the Heart and the Spleen, blood stagnation. 3. The causes of climacteric bleeding are continuous with overstrain, injury of the five emotions, blood heat, deteriorating blood. 4. The treatment of climacteric syndrome are mainly nutrition of Kidney and Liver, that of Kidney heat, descending Yang of Liver, nutrition of blood of heart, having a comunication with Kidney and Heart, nutrition of Spleen and Stomarch. 5. For the prescriptions on climacteric syndrome, the treatments such as Jaguium(左歸飮), Wooguium(右歸飮), Soyosan(逍遙散加減), Jibakjihwangtang(知柏地黃湯加減), Esuntang(二仙湯), Ejihwan(二至丸加味), Sihogayonggolmoryutang(柴胡加龍骨牡蠣湯加減) are used. And the acupuncture points such as Conception Channel, the Spleen Channel, the Urinary Bladder Channel, the Kidney Channel which are related to the lower belly of woman.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.163-173
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• 2002

Oligomenorrhalgia is one of common clinical disease in the gynecologic problems, means menstual cycle of 35 days-6 months. In oriental medicine is similar to means of 'Delayed menstruation', 'Postdated menstruation', 'Retarded menstruation' etc. Because in many case Oligomenorrhea became worse to amenorrhea, is realation to outbreak of infertility or systemic dysphoria and need detail examination and lasting inspection. We treated one case of Oligomenorrhalgia. This study classified the disease of the patient the deficiency of kindey, seven emotions and blood feaver. After the treatment, Oligomenorrhalgia is cured. The result get effective by korean medicine.

• CELLMED
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• v.13 no.15
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• pp.56.1-56.7
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• 2023

Objective: Improvement of the symptoms of restless leg syndrome patient by using OCNT. Methods: OCNT was implemented on a 50-year-old Korean female patient with symptoms of chronic fatigue and chronic gynecologic disease as well as sufferance from insomnia due to numbness in the legs following hysterectomy in the past. Results: Following the implementation of OCNT, the symptom of numbness in the legs improved along with other symptoms that caused inconveniences to the patient such as sleep disorder, fatigue and gynecology disease. Conclusion: Application of OCNT to patient suffering restless leg syndrome can be helpful in alleviation of the symptoms.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2003

From the study of the symptom, pathology in prescription of Ha-Tong from The Bangyakhapeun. I have reserched 163 prescription. It can be concluded as follows. 1. Prescription about Fecal disease which was the most as 11.66% of the whole, following order Internal disease(6.75%), Uterus Disease(5.52%) Sick-by-Cold Disease(5.52%), Eye Disease(4.91%), Blood Disease(4.91%), Unbalanced humoral status Disease(4.91%), Gynecologic Disease(4.91%). 2. The Fecal Disease divide diarrhea and dysentery; The Internal Disease divides with Sik-sang(食傷) Chu-sang(酒傷), Sik-juck-yu-sang-han(食積類傷寒), Carbonic acid, Vomiting acid; The Uterus Disease divides with Urinnary Disadvantage, Urinary retention, Incontinence; The Sick-by-Cold Disease divides with yang-myung-byung(陽明病), sang-han-goi-jng(傷寒壞證), sang-han-bun-gal(傷寒煩渴), sang-han-sum-ou, sang-han-hyul-jng(傷寒血證), sang-han-ja-ri(傷寒自利), sang-han-bun-jo-jng(傷寒煩燥證). 3. The Diarrhea and Dysentery many used o-ryung-san, hwng-gum-jak-yak-tang(黃芩芍藥湯) hyang-ryun-hwan(香連丸) etc, and The Internal Disease many used pyung-we-san(平胃散) as a basic prescripton. 4. The organ problem use the Sil-yuol(實熱) of the liver, stomach, lung, uterus, small intestine; six natural factors problem used the Sil-jng(實證) of the wind, fire, heat, cold, dampness; And used Unbalanced humoral status, lntrnal hurt, qi and blood, seven extream feeling.