• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.532-538
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• 1990

This experiment was carried out to establish the efficiency of crop breeding on comparison of combination methods of single, 3-way, and double crosses and combination order of 4 winter wheat which were different in origin, source, and plant types, On comparison of 4 crossing modes, there appeared the earliest heading and the highest grain yield in double cross, and decreased in 3-way. single crosses. and parents in order, There showed the significant mean squares of GCA and SCA in 4${\times}$4 diallel analysis for grain yield and yield components. Grumil and Bezostaya 1 exhibited highest GCA effect of grain yield which appeared the actual highest grain yield. There appeared the highest SCA-effect in F$_1$ (Eunpamil/Bezostaya 1) showing 4.22. Of the 3 double crosses there exhibited the highest grain yield in F$_1$ (Grumil/Eunpamil/ /Lanota/Bezostaya 1). Two single crosses for this double cross ---F$_1$ (Grumil/Eunpamil) and F$_1$ (Lancota/Bezostaya 1) --- do not revealed directly for this yield, but combined each other by chromosome switch as combination of F$_1$ (Grumil/Lancota), F$_1$(Grumil/Bezostaya 1), F$_1$(Eunpamil/Lancota) and F$_1$(Eunpamil/Bezostaya 1) which appeared the higher grain yields and SCA-effects. Of the six 3-way crosses. F$_1$ (Lancota/Bezostaya 1/ /Eunpamil) expressed the highest grain yield. Its combinations were F$_1$ (Lancota/Eunpamil) and F$_1$ (Bezostaya 1/Eunpamil) combined by chromosome switch, which its grain yield and SCA-effect were higher.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.118-124
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• 1997

The two viruses of barley yellow mosaic(BaYMV) and barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) were detected by ELISA from barley plants with virus-like symptoms which were collected from 16 locations in southern Korea, during 1995 and 1996. Both viruses occurred in southern Korea. Barley plants at Chongdo and Koseong were infected with BaMMV, while those infected with BaYMV were at Kurye and Taegu. After sowing 50 barley cultivars at habitually infected fields in 10 locations, the susceptibility and resistance to BaYMV and BaMMV were screened with antiserum tests. The cultivars of Albori, Alchanbori, Daejinbori, Jokangbori, Milyangbori, Boeunkwamek, Naehanssalbori, Olssalbori, Weossalbori, Dusan 29 and Deogndohyangchonkwa showed positive reaction to BaYMV antiserum, while Saeolbori, Chalbori, Jinjukwa and Baegjinkwa showed positive reaction to BaMMV. Nonsankwa 1-6 and wheat cultivars of Chongkeymil, Dahongmil, Grumil, Urimil, Jochonhomil, Sinkeyhomil showed negative reactions to both viruses. The rest cultivars were infected both with BaYMV and BaMMV. Sap inoculations to barleyplants with the two viruses of BaYMV isolated in Haenam and BaMMV isolated at National Honam Agricultural Station, expressed lower infection rate than those grown in the virus-infected fields.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.195-202
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• 1995

This experiment was performed to characterize the optimum water table level for the growth and yield of barley(var. Olbori) and wheat(var, Grumil), Olbori and Grumil were grown in the 550 liter plastic pot filled with silt loam or sandy loam, During the whole growth period, the water table adjusted to be 20, 30, 40, 50, and 70cm, Higher water table was resulted in the decrease in plant height and top dry weight, but in the increase of the ratio of top to root dry weight, especially in barley, This suggested that high water table level affected more the growth of top than that of root, The number and area of green leaves were decreased as the water table was higher than 30 to 40cm at the late growth period(May 18, 1993), The largest number and area of green leaves were shown at 50cm of water table in sandy loam and at 70cm in silt loam, As the water table was high, the leaf chlorophyll content was low, And barley was affected more significantly than wheat by soil texture, The photosynthetic activity was decreased remarkably at 20cm water table, Heading period was 2 to 3 and 4 days earlier at the 20cm water table of sandy loam in barley and wheat, respectively, However this earlier heading was not shown in silt loam, Grain filling was accelerated 5 to 7 days earlier in barley and 10 days in wheat grown at 20cm water table, The highest yield was present at 50 and 70cm water table, The yield was decreased remarkably at 20cm water table, resulting that yield reduction ratio of barley was 71.1% and 72, 2%, and that of wheat was 41.0% and 60, 0% in sandy loam and silt loam, respectively, High water table decreased the number of spike per unit area, but increased the seed weight per spike in barley, However, High water table reduced the seed weight per spike in wheat. There was significant correlation between yield and leaf chlorophyll content in wheat and barley, Yield was correlated significantly with green leaf area in barley, and with top dry weight, ratio of top to root dry weight chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity in wheat. The optimum water table was 50 to 70cm in wheat and barley, They grew fairly well at 30cm water table of sandy loam, and at 40cm of silt loam.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.278-284
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• 1995

This experiment was performed to characterize the optimum water table level for the grain quality, seed germination and diastic power of barley(var. Olbori) and wheat(var. Grumil). Olbori and Grumil grew in the 550 liter plastic pot that filled with silt loam or sandy loam. During the whole growth period, the underground water level adjusted to be 20, 30, 40, 50 and 70cm. Filled grain ratio and specific gravity were not affected by soil texture and water table. Low level of water table caused the increase of 1,000 grain weight in wheat and barley, but soil texture didn't. Crude protein content tended to be high as the water table level was high, especially in wheat. Change in crude protein content was affected by underground water level more than soil texture. And the affection was slightly higher in sandy loam than silt loam, but the difference was small. The higher level of water table led to the lower crude lipid content in barley and wheat grain. Crude lipid content of both wheat and barley grain grown in sandy loam was higher than those grown in silt loam. As the water table level down, the ash content of barley and wheat grain tend to increase, especially in sandy loam. Wheat flour yield was not affected by soil texture. It was about 65% at 20cm of water level and above 67% at 40cm water level. The seed germination of wheat and barley was more than 95% when the seeds were placed at 2$0^{\circ}C$ for three days. Regardless of soil texture, the lowest germination was seen at 20cm of water table level. And the seed germination rate increased as the underground water level became low. Above 89% of barley grains were germinated within 48 hours except 20cm level of water table in sandy loam. Diastic power of germinated barley was the lowest at 20cm of water table level, and it was almost unchanged below 30cm of water table level. And also it was not affected by soil texture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2003

Quality characteristics of dough and noodles prepared from Korean wheat flours (Gru and Tapdong) were evaluated by substituting foreign wheat flours and starch in the formula. Korean wheat flours showed greater water absorption and weakness as well as protein and ash contents, but lower stability than the foreign wheat (control) By increasing substituted foreign wheat flours, water absorption of domestic Gru and Tapdong decreased. Dough development time decreased for Tapdong by substituting up to 30％ with foreign wheat flours. When imported wheat flours added in Gru and Tapdong, weakness of dough was decreased. Adhesiveness of dough was increased in all samples according to water adding, and Gru particulary showed the most high adhesiveness at 65% water and 10~20% replacement. From the mechanical texture test, Tapdong noodles were increased in cutting force by increasing amounts of imported wheat but decreased in extension distance. However, Cru noodles showed the opposite tendency. Hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness of noodles were increased in all samples by increasing amounts of substitution with imported starch. As a result of cooked noodles test, Korean wheat noodles showed relatively lower values in cutting force and extension distance than in those of the control Studies of noodle-related characteristics of Korean wheat flours indicated that domestic soft wheat such as Gru might have high quality above the foreign wheat in noodle preparation by adding flours containing high amylose or low gluten.