• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.569-577
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the feeding practices, growth status and correlation with maternal perceptions of breast feeding and lactation with infuts' feeding methods in the Pocheon area. The subjects were 103 infants ranging from 3 to 21 postpartum months and their mothers. The results obtained were as follows : In this survey, 36.9% of the infants were breast-feeding, while 53.4% of them were bottle-feeding, and 9.7% of them were mixed-feeding. The reason for bottle-feeding was due mainly to the lack of breast-milk secretion. Z-scores of weight-f3r-age and height-for-age were similar to Korean standards, but malnutrition and overnutrition were also noticed by kaup index and WLI. The average maternal perceptions of breast-feeding and lactation was 3.7 out of 10 possible points, the breast-feeding group scored 4.7, and formula-feeding and mixed-feeding group scored 3.0. That of BF group was higher than FF+MF groups and was positively correlated with growth status. Therefore to ensure proper growth of infants and to promote breast-feeding, efforts should be given to community nutritional services including nutrition education for the importance of colostrum and breast-milk, practical breast-feeding methods, and nutritional management during pregnancy. Also nutrition education for mothers will be continued to 1-3 postpartum months to promote successful breast-feeding.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the essential factors contributing to the growth and success of smart cities, providing a comprehensive analysis of key elements that are crucial in fostering the development of smart cities. This study explored the impacts of technology-driven applications, corporate involvement, the role of experts, citizen co-creation, city-led strategy governance, and sustainable urban practices on overall attitudes towards smart cities. Additionally, the study examined the impact of overall attitude on the growth trajectory of the smart cities and satisfaction. Research design, data and methodology: To collect data, this study employed an online survey conducted by a reputable research organization. Data analysis involved the use of factor analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Results: This study unveiled significant impacts of technology-driven applications, corporate involvement, the role of experts, citizen co-creation, city-led strategy governance, and sustainable urban practices on the overall attitudes. Furthermore, it demonstrated that the overall attitude significantly influences the growth trajectory of smart cities. Conclusions: This study identified key driving factors for smart city development, suggesting that the consideration of sustainable urban practices emerges as the most significant factor influencing the growth of the smart cities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.257-268
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the anxiety, levels of diabetes-related distress, and post-traumatic growth of parents who have children with type 1 diabetes and determine the correlation between the differences and variables based on the general characteristics and disease-related characteristics. This is a descriptive survey research and data collection was conducted from January 4th-29th of 2016 with an online survey in an internet community for type 1 diabetes. Seventy seven individuals were included in the final analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out with a t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The study results showed that posttraumatic growth was significantly high (p<.05) under parents with a religion, and that parental anxiety and stress were high with children under 6 years of age (p<.05), with cases of hypoglycemia (p<.05), and with high levels of glycated hemoglobin (p<.05). Anxiety and stress had a positive correlation (r=.684, p<.001), and anxiety and stress exhibited a negative correlation with posttraumatic growth (r=-.401, p<.001; r=-.327, p<.05). This suggests that posttraumatic growth can reduce the negative emotions sufficiently, and that a mediating mechanism is needed that promotes posttraumatic growth while decreasing the level of anxiety and stress.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.24-31
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate differences in physical growth according to sleep during preschool period. Methods: Difference of height and BMI percentile according to quality and quantity of sleep obtained through survey from 377 preschool children was measured using statistical method. Results: There was no significant difference in height and BMI percentile according to bedtime, rising hour, sleeping hours and sleeping environment. Children who had woken up more from scare during sleep showed smaller height percentile. Conclusions: Children who woke up more from scare during sleep could have smaller height.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.411-414
• /
• 2005

In this study, 8 Landsat(TM/ETM+) satellite images acquired from 1984 to 2002 were used to investigate the growth of Chuncheon city, Kangwon-do, Korea. The images were geocoded and classified using training set collected from field survey. Four land-use types were classified such as urban area, green zone, agricultural land and water body. It also showed rapid increase of urban area in the past two decades from 1166ha in 1984 to 3358ha in 2002. About 2182ha of agricultural land and green zone have been changed to urban area. Agricultural land was newly formed from the green zone.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.481-488
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to survey some characteristics in growth of perilla by fertilization level organic matter. Corn stalk, acorn and chestnut were used as organic fertilizer in this study. In the height of perilla, chestnut fertilizer with 880kg/10a that R2 is 0.9996 showed the height level, and followed by acorn and corn stalk in order. Number of the harvested leaves was the highest in acorn among the three organic fertilizer by chestnut and corn stalk in order. However, number of the harvested leaves continuously was the highest in chestnut. Weight of a leaf was more effective at three kinds of organic fertilizer than control. There were no difference in the rate of dried leaf weight according to kinds of organic fertilizer. On the other hand, the rate of dried leaf weight by growth period was different. It was found that the rate of dried leaf in 30days or 110days. Diameter of perilla stem at 30cm above the ground according to kinds and fertilizer level of organic fertilizer was surveyed. However, the difference was not detected in this study.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the relationship between trends in innovative EU industries and market distribution in smaller emerging markets under an open economy. Research design, data, and methodology - Although innovation was well-distributed, due to socio-economic factors following European integration, CEE had not achieved sustainable economic growth. However, this paper analyzes the differences among changes in CEE innovation for smaller emerging markets dominated since 2000. Market distribution has facilitated new markets for innovative industries, according to EU surveys and economic indicators. Results - The dominance of the local industrial market distribution has deterred innovation investment the survey shows that innovation investment has been shrinking, despite the EU's open innovation policy for CEE employment and R&D. For the CEE case, there were expectation gaps and uncertainty about whether to use the new distribution dominance or TNCs' innovation in smaller emerging countries without local industrial innovation. Conclusions - Innovation generates market growth and distribution power however, small growth requires stimulation, and creativity and innovative edge need further focus in local public and corporate strategy.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.349-356
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to survey the effect of Jujube extract on the growth of 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria(LBA) starter cultures in the MRS broth by the addition of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2% extract The pH, titratable acidity and OD of LAB were investigated in order to get fundamental knowledge for the development a new product. The effects of Jujube extract on the growth of LAB were variable depending upon the LAB species and concentrations of Jujube extract significantly (p<0.05). In the results, Jujube extract enhanced the acid production and propagation by the 3 LAB strains with increasing concentration of Jujube extracts until 2.0% added was to the MRS broth medium (p<0.05). Addition of Jujube extract markedly stimulated the acid production and propagation of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterium longum.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.83-97
• /
• 2010

Growth mixture modeling was used to identify types of changes in overt aggression from Grades 4 to 7 among a sample from the Korean Youth Panel Survey. Three discrete patterns were found to adequately explain changes of overt aggression in both boys and girls : Persistent intermediate aggression; Increasing aggression; and Decreasing aggression. Most boys (93%) fell into the Persistent intermediate aggression group and 49% of girls were found to fall into the Increasing aggression group. This suggests that prevention programs should recognize that girls are at risk of increasing aggression in their early adolescence. Multinomial logistic regression analysis shows that self-control, child abuse, peer support, and involvement with deviant peers at Grades 4 were all strongly associated with trajectory class membership. These associations did not differ by gender. These findings suggest that prevention programs should focus on the multiple risk factors of both boys and girls.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.127-141
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this research was to analyze the trajectory of child's academic attainment and the effect of family socioeconomic background on the trajectory. Data were part of the Korea Youth Panel Survey 2003-2005(Middle School 2) and were analyzed by Latent Growth Curve Modeling(LGM). The degree of child's academic attainment decreased over 3 years. Socioeconomic status variables that influenced academic trajectory were family poverty, parent's attainments in scholarship, and family structure. Findings from this study suggest that societal support for low socioeconomic status families is needed for improvement of academic attainment of their children.