• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.228-236
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• 2021

Background: A review of the literature was carried out to study dust and sandstorm (DSS) in terms of its ecosystem processes and relationship to other dryland disasters in Northeast Asia. Drylands are ecosystems that include grasslands, semi-deserts, and deserts, and these types of ecosystems are vulnerable due to their low primary productivity that depends on a small amount of precipitation. Results: Drought, dust, desertification, and winter livestock disasters (called dzud) are unique natural disasters that affect the region. These disasters are related in that they share major causes, such as dryness and low vegetation cover that combine with other conditions, wind, cold waves, livestock, and land-surface energy, to dramatically impact the ecosystem. Conclusions: The literature review in this study illustrates the macroscopic context of the spatial and temporal patterns of DSS according to geography, climate, and vegetation growth in the drylands of Northeast Asia. The effects of ocean climates and human activities were discussed to infer a possible teleconnection effect of DSS and its relations to desertification and dzud.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.80-93
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to assess functioni fo urban greenspace to reduce atmospheric CO\sub 2\ concentration. The study quantified carbon storage in urban greenspace and carbon emission by fossil fuel consumptio in Chuncheon. The amount of carbon storage in vegetation by land use type was 0.02kg/$m^2$ for commercial land, 4.36kg/$m^2$ for natural land, and 0.54kg/$m^2$ for the other urban lands. In 1994, total amount of carbon emission by fossil fuel consumption was about 257,358 metric tons, and the per capita carbon emission was 1.4 metric ton. Total amount of carbon storage in vegetation was 42,942 metric tons, approximately 17% of the carbon emission. This study excluded quantification of carbon storage in soils. The role of urban greenspace to sequester atomspheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil greenspace to sequester atmospheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil greenspace to sequester atmospheric carbon might be much greater, if a soil carbon storage is included quantification of carbon storage is included. However, increasing coverage of trees and managing them for healthy growth would not be sufficient for avoiding adverse impacts by future climate change. Additional measures should be followed such as an increase of energy use efficiency and development of substitute energy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.25-37
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• 2007

The vascular plants of the study area in the Daemisaem region were listed as 302 taxa; 81 families, 196 genera, 251 species, 1 subspecies, 42 varieties, 7 forms and 1 hybrid. Based on the list of Korean endemic plants, 7 taxa were recorded; Carex okamotoi, Salix purpurea var. japonica, Thalictrum uchiyamai, Lespedeza ${\times}$ tomentella, Weigela subsessilis, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium chanroenicum. Specific plants by floral region were total 21 taxa; Silene jenisseensis, Cimicifuga heracleifolia in class IV, 3 taxa (Lilium leichtlinii var. tigrinum, Betula davurica, Lonicera subhispida) in class III, 3 taxa (Viola tokubuchiana var. takedana, Ligularia fischeri, Cirsium chanroenicum) in class II, 13 taxa (Glyceria leptolepis, Meliosma oldhamii, Fraxinus mandshurica, etc.) in class I. The naturalized plants in this site were 8 families, 20 genera, 23 species, 1 varieties, 24 taxa and naturalization rate was 7.9% of all 302 taxa vascular plants. The vegetation community of the selected Daemisaem region were growth of configuration to slope, ridge and valley; Quercus variabilis community, Quercus serrata community, Quercus mongolica community, Salix koreensis community in the slope, Quercus mongolica community, Carpinus tschonoskii community in the ridge, Fraxinus mandshurica community, Carpinus laxiflora community, Acer mono community, Cornus controversa community, Morus bombycis community in the valley.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 1993

Ansan urban nature park is 197.8ha and located in Seodeamun-Gu of Seoul. Flora of Ansan consisted of 141 species, 76 genera, 40 families in woody plants. This study was conducted to analyze the natural environment and establish the park management plan with ecological approach. The result of this study is summarized as follows. 1. The short term plan shall be performed in six vegetation management zones; Robinia pseudoacacia community zone, Sorbus alnifolia community zone, Quercus acutissima community zone, Populus ${\times}$albagrandulosa community zone, Pinus densiflora community zone, and landscape planting zone. Pinus densiflora and landscape planting zones shall be managed artificially, the others managed with ecological approach. 2. The long term plan shall be performed in four vegetation management zones; Robinia pseudoacacia community zone, Quercus spp. community zone, Pinus densiflora community zone, and landscape planting zone. Pinus densiflora and landscape planting zones shall be managed artificially, the others managed with ecological approach. 3. Because soil of Ansan is acidified and the soil disturbed growth of plants, the improvement of soil is necessary. The fertilization shall be performed in three zones; evergreen confierous tree zone(ex. P. densiflora), Quercus spp. zone, and the other deciduous tree zone(ex. R. pseudoacacia).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2000

Vegetation structure of $Hwangs\v{o}ng$ Park in $Ky\v{o}ugju$ was investigated to study ecological value and to suggest a desirable management proposal. To do this, twenty plots were set up and surveyed. The $Hwangs\v{o}ng$ Park forest was classified into five plant communities by the DCA technique, which were two types of Pinus densiflora communities, Quercus spp.-P. densiflora, Robinia pseudoacacia and Q. mongolica community. In the diversity analysis, 29 woody species were observed, but species composition was simple. No. of average species is $5.4\pm2.9$ per a plot($100m^2$), and Pinus densiflora is a dominant species in DBH $27\sim47cm$ class. From the results of tree ring and growth analysis, it was found out that pinus densiflora community of $Hwangs\v{o}ng$ Park has a historical and ecological value, but recently the growth rate was decreasing. The management proposal was suggested upon to the above results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.8-13
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• 2015

This study investigates the application of a synthetic resine based net-hose system to sustain vegetated embankment slope reinforcement. The net-hose system is designated to improve water supply to the vegetation that can suffer the lack of water in case of extreme drying condition or rock slope where water supply is relatively insufficient to ensure the growth of vegetation. A series of laboratory tests were conducted to check the structural adequacy and effectiveness of net-hose system. The results indicated that the model slope equipped with net-hose system seemed to provide better water supply resulting in more vegetated areas and higher matric suction due to active water uptake capacity, which might be contributed to greater shear strength of slope surface. A limited numerical analysis was conducted to verify the effect of water uptake on vegetated root system that generally yields better slope stability.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.357-366
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• 2008

It is certain that urbanization has transformed the ecological consequences severely, but urban ecosystem is not fully understood yet. Urban growth is not like a static form and it spreads spatially and temporally. Therefore in studying urban ecosystem, it is important to relate the spatial pattern of urbanization to ecological processes. Using gradient analysis, we attempted to quantify the urbanization's spatial impacts in Daejeon-city and Cheonan-city, Chungcheong-province, Korea. Because of Multifunctional Administrative City Planning (MACP), a lot of development projects are planned in Chungcheong-province, Korea. It's important to study about original cities' patterns and impacts. These results can be adopted to future city planning. So several measures such as fragmentation, vegetation index, surface temperature, population density, and income rate were computed along a 75km long and 3km wide transect. The results showed that Daejeon-city has a wider urban center, lower vegetation indexes, and higher surface temperature than Cheonan-city. Therefore in the perspective of urban environments and sustainable urbanism, it seems that Cheonan-city is better than Daejeon-city. The changes along the transect have important ecological implications, and quantifying the urbanization gradient is an important step in understanding urban ecology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

This study is to find appropriate plant for infiltration swale (which is natural LID infrastructure) and suggest basic research database for building infrastructure of LID facilities. Through the research inside, it first selects the plant strong to flooding and salt tolerance. Also, the research built infiltration swale along the road, planted those strong plants and monitored how well those plants adapted into the environment. Particularly, it showered 72mm/hr-speed artificial shower, also with natural shower, given that plants were vulnerable to flood because of influx of the rain. As a result of field applicability monitoring, Pennisetum alopecuroides and Equisetum hyemale (which degrade the pollutant well and adapt into rainy environment) are planting individually, or Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Liriope platyphylla, Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, Euonymus japonica (which are strong to rainy environment) and Pennisetum alopecuroides and Equisetum hyemale are mixed planting. The research should have monitored the plant for more than one year to study them, but the research only lasted five months. Therefore, it is hard to generalize. After all, through the long term research, it should pursue study more on appropriate plant materials and database that can be the reference for infrastructure establishment and maintenance.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.321-330
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• 2015

Atmospheric correction is an essential part in time-series analysis on biophysical parameters of surface features. In this study, we tried to examine possible problems in atmospheric correction of multitemporal High Spatial Resolution (HSR) images obtained from two different sensor systems. Three KOMPSAT-2 and two IKONOS-2 multispectral images were used. Three atmospheric correction methods were applied to derive surface reflectance: (1) Radiative Transfer (RT) - based absolute atmospheric correction method, (2) the Dark Object Subtraction (DOS) method, and (3) the Cosine Of the Uun zeniTh angle (COST) method. Atmospheric correction results were evaluated by comparing spectral reflectance values extracted from invariant targets and vegetation cover types. In overall, multi-temporal reflectance from five images obtained from January to December did not show consistent pattern in invariant targets and did not follow a typical profile of vegetation growth in forests and rice field. The multi-temporal reflectance values were different by sensor type and atmospheric correction methods. The inconsistent atmospheric correction results from these multi-temporal HSR images may be explained by several factors including unstable radiometric calibration coefficients for each sensor and wide range of sun and sensor geometry with the off-nadir viewing HSR images.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2007

Korean rivers and their surrounding environments have been used excessively for rice production in the past and more recently for construction of urban areas to accomodate the rapidly increasing population. Affected Korean rivers experience dramatic fluctuations in their water levels and have faster currents compared with those in other countries. In order to restore more natural conditions in rivers experiencing such conditions, we employed a partial restoration method, which is designed to achieve physical and biological stability simultaneously. Concrete blocks were introduced to increase the river's physical stability during floods, and terra cottem, a soil enhancer, was used to reduce water loss due to intense heat. These interventions increased the river's ability to hold water and thereby promoted plant growth. This restoration method increased vegetation coverage and species diversity in treated areas, and changed the species composition in treated areas to more closely approximate that of the control site. These results suggest that this method is effective in restoring damaged habitats to more natural conditions.