• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 2016

The development impact fee (DIF) zoning is used to adequately provide the pre-planned urban infrastructures in those urban and regional sectors where significant urban sprawl has already taken place followed by the rapid population growth. The infrastructure installation fees are levied to those landowners whose properties belong to the DIF zone in which they enjoy the direct benefits that accrue from the installed infrastructures. While the law is deemed to be equitable in that the actual beneficiaries pay for their benefits, it is required to designate the zone boundaries accurately and consistently since they are the very dividers that differentiate the legitimate fee-payers and the free-riders. This study, especially, tries to test a seemingly advanced alternative, so-called the cost-weighted distance measure, as a potential candidate to replace the current air-distance measures to designate the zone boundaries. The statistics indicate that the coefficient of variation for major indices spread from 11.75 to 35.6 in the case of the latter method, it only ranges from 0.21 to 0.76 in the case of the former. The zonal outcomes also show much higher consistency in their shapes. It is hoped, in this context, that the study findings could possibly be adopted in the future research efforts expected soon to amend and improve the current DIF zoning law.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.26-31
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• 2006

This study was conducted to determine the optimum number of inter-rows according to distance of drainage furrow (DF) for running-off excessive-water stress (EWS) in paddy field. The most soil water potential was shown in high ridge (distance of DF by 70 cm) cultivation and the soil water potential showed increasing tendency in over four inter-rows cultivation by DF. The growth of soybean reduced by extended inter-row and its reducing level was high, especially, over four inter-rows (DF distance by 2.8 m) because of EWS. The photosynthetic rate decreased in the more extensive field by distance of DF at V5 and R2 stages, especially, in over four interrows cultivation. Also, root activity decreased at wider DF. The yield was reduced with wider distance of DF more extensively, the highest yield of 270 g per $m^2$ at the every row, but yield showed decreasing tendency at over the $4^{th}$ row (2.8 m) cultivation. Soybean cultivation in paddy field could be founded with DF of every other or $4^{th}$ row.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.541-548
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• 2023

Behavior serves as an important indicator of the effects of environmental stressors on organisms. In this study, one-year-old abalone Haliotis discus hannai (15.1±0.8 mm) were used and each 0.34 m2 tank was stocked with 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 juvenile abalone. After 328 days, we found that the low stocking density treatment showed significantly higher growth, whereas the high stocking density treatment showed significantly lower growth. In addition, abalone showed a lower rate of movement, distance moved, and velocity at higher stocking densities, but only velocity differed significantly. In contrast, In the Supplied the feed tanks significant difference between the moving distance and velocity. When the two groups of different sizes were mixed in tank, the rate of movement, distance moned, and velocity showed significant differences between differently-sized indivisuals. Our study indicates that breeding abalone at high densities has a negative effect on their growth and survival, which is thought to primarily be caused by spatial competition, and secondarily by differences in body size, ultimately affecting growth and productivity.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.209-216
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to compare the right and left eye size, distance between two eyes, interpupillary distance on growth stage aging changes in Korean. The author divided into 5 groups according to subject's age(group A : 7~12 years, group B : 13~15 years, group C : 16~18 years, group D : 19~24 years, group E : 25~30 years). The high values of inter outer canthal distance(T) and distance between two eyes(G) were 94.30 mm, 36.66 mm at group B respectively. The ratio of identical eye size was about 10.0% in A, B, C group but 22.7% in E group. P[T-(right eye size + left eye size) / 2] was wider than IPD. Data showed that the difference was 5.72 mm in group B and 1.13 mm in group E. The reason for this is that the pupils are displaced nasally from the center of the limbal ring. This has significant meaning in ophthalmic procedures.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.238-242
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• 2001

Growth and rhizome yield of Polygonatum odoratum were studied in different planting distance, ${30{\times}10,\;30{\times}20\;,30{\times}30\;cm}$. Plant height was taller in dense planting, $30{\times}10cm$ than the other planting distance, and was increased as cultivation period extended. Stem number also increased by dense planting. The fresh rhizome weight per plant was 225g at $30{\times}10cm$, 215g at $30{\times}20cm$, 1989 at $30{\times}30cm$. The fresh rhizome yield was highest at dense planting, $30{\times}10cm$. Therefore, optimum planting distance of Polygonatum odoratum was $30{\times}10cm$.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.624-629
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• 2008

Effects of Kyungohkgo Ga Nokyong(Yongohkgo) on growth development and learning ability were investigated growth and intellectual impairment rat with insufficient nutrition diet. We divided male Sprague-Dawley rats into 4 groups. They were Normal group, Growth deficiency rat with insufficient nutrition diet group, Growth deficiency rat with 0.1% Yongohkgo group and 0.2% Yongohkgo group. They were administered for 5 weeks. We measured body weight, and morris water maze test in escape distance, escape time and escape speed, serum growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor and thyroid stimulating hormone, RBC, concentration of Hb and PCV ratio, total WBC and its composition, the values of GOT and GPT activities. The results are as follows that Yongohkgo 0.1%, 0.2% groups were showed significantly different than control groups in body weight and the counts of RBC. In the morris water maze test, in escape distance and escape time, in concentration of Hb and PCV ratio, 0.2% Yongohkgo group were significantly different than control groups. Serum growth hormone, insulin- like growth factor and thyroid stimulating hormone showed a tendency to increase in Yongohkgo groups. The counts of total WBC and its composition, GOT, GPT activities showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. These results suggested that Yongohkgo have an effect of promoting growth and learning ability of rats and might be effect to treat various kinds of growth and learning ability delay in children.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2021

Shrub growth and fruit characteristics and working time of 'Duke' blueberry by shrub distance were investigated. Overapping rate of blueberry crown was 109% in 0.6 m shrub distance, 37% in 1.2 m shrub distance, and -88% in 2.4 m shrub distance, respectively. The number of main stem tended to increase as the shrub spacing widened. The other fruit characteristics, except for the fruit weight, did not show any significantly different according to the shrub distance. The yield per 10 a was 2,097 kg for 0.6 m shrub distance, 1,303 kg for 1.2 m shrub distance, and 710.7 kg for 2.4 m shrub distance in 2019, respectively. Total working time was 154 hr for 0.6 m shrub distance, 114 hr for 1.2 m shrub distance, and 74 hr for 2.4 m shrub distance. Therefore, the blueberry shrub distance was judged to be appropriate about 1.2 m in the long-termly. However, in order to increase yield early and income, the shrub can maintain 0.6 m distance during young shrub, it can managed flexibly to 1.2 m distance when it becomes a mature shrub.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 1986

The purpose of the study is to note the effects of the resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle on the mandibular growth in the growing rats. Twenty four female Wistar rats were used in the experiment. They were divided into three groups: group 1 ; bilateral sham operation group 2 ; bilateral resenction of the lateral pterygoid muscle group 3 ; unilateral resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle (The right lateral pterygoid muscle was resected and the left one was sham-operated.) Groups 1&2 were sacrificed eight weeks lateral and group 3, four weeks later. All specimens were measured with calipers, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Groups 1 & 2 were compared with each other. In group 3, the right side was compared with the left. The results were as follows: 1. In the growing rats, the resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle was followed by a decrease of the mandibular growth. After eight weeks, the condyle-mental foramen distance, the angular process-mental foramen distance, the size of the condylar head, the supradentale-first molar distance, and the diameter of the symphysis were significantly smaller than the control. 2. Resection of the lateral pterygoid muscle resulted in decrease of the thickness of the cartilage layer and the prechondroblastic-chondroblastic layer after four weeks. 3. After eight weeks, group 1 and group 2 were not different significantly in the histologic sections. 4. The condylar cartilage was stabilized eight weeks after the experiment.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• v.10
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• pp.293-297
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• 2000

Multiseeding with (100)/(100) grain junctions of top-seeded melt growth (TSMG) processed YBCO superconductors was studied. The effect of the number of seeds and the distance between two seeds on the levitation forces and the trapped magnetic fields of the TSMG-processed YBCO samples was investigated. Multiple seeding shortened the processing time for the fabrication of TSMC-processed YBCO superconductors. The large magnetic field was trapped at the grain junction when two seeds was placed without spacing, while the amount of the magnetic field decreased when the seed distance increased. This is attributed to the increased amount of the residual melt phases around the grain junctions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.30A no.8
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• pp.81-87
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• 1993

The growth thickness uniformity of epitaxial layers deposited using a moiecular beam epitaxy system is calculated from the arrangement of molecular beam source and the substrate and the geometric dimensions of the crucible in order to predict the optimum design conditions of the prototype MBE system. The thickness uniformity better than 5% over a 3-inch wafer can be obtained by keeping the distance between the substrate and the crucible's orifice longer than 20cm, the tapering angle of the crucible larger than 6$^{\circ}$, and the angle between the normal to the substrate at the center and the crucible axis as larger as possible. In addition, the growth yield decreases to below 51% as the distance between the substrate and the orifice becomes longer than 25cm.