• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.627-638
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• 2008

With the shift of the electric power industry from a regulated monopoly structure to a competitive market environment, the focus of the transmission expansion planning has been moving from reliability-driven transmission expansion to market-based transmission expansion. In market-based transmission expansion, however, a growing demand for electricity, an increasing number of transmission bottlenecks, and the falling levels of transmission investment have created the need for an incentive to motivate investors. The expectation of profit serves as a motivational factor for market participants to invest in transmission expansion in a competitive market. To promote investment in transmission expansion, there is an increasing need for a systematic method to examine transmission expansion for investment incentives from multiple perspectives. In this paper, the transmission expansion problem in a competitive market environment is formulated from ISO and investors' perspectives. The proposed method uses parametric analysis to analyze benefits for investors to identify the most profitable location and amount for transmission addition. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.315-333
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• 2005

The Internet has been identified as the worlds fastest growing marketplace with seemingly limitless opportunities for marketing products and services. Logistics service quality is considered an essential strategy for success and survival in today's internet environment. Logistics excellence has become a powerful source of competitive differentiation within diverse marketing offerings of internet firms. The quality of logistics service performance is a key marketing component that helps create customer satisfaction. As the business environment has changed, the operations based definition of logistics service have evolved. The objective of this study is to examine the logistics service quality in internet shopping mall and the impact of logistics service quality on customer satisfaction. The quality factors of logistics service in this study are consist of five quality factor. The survey result is drive from a man experienced in used internet shopping mall. The finding suggest that logistics service quality of five factor had a positive effort on customer satisfaction. Specifically, timeliness had the most consistent positive effort on customer satisfaction.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2014

Upbringing requires an active intervention in the process of children growing up. Convergence in technology and media makes it possible to augment nurturing by making blended infrastructures with new digital resources available in learning environments at schools. A game-based provision of educationally-valuable content within a collective, virtual environment combined with an analysis of events in the game after it has been played (blended nurture environment) may help to better communicate human values especially where old-fashioned discussion methods fail or do not fulfill the promise of effective, educational institution-based methods of bringing up. This is where life sciences, psychology, media, pedagogy and technology (need to) converge.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.159-162
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.145-148
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.334-337
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• 2002

The drinking water industry faces a growing number of difficultiesin the treatment of groundwater for drinking water production. Groundwater sources are frequently contaminated with nitrates and phosphates due to usage of chemical fertilizer In this study, feasibility of micellar enhanced ultrafiltation (MEUF) was investigated to remediate groundwater contaminated with nitrate and phosphate. Ultrafiltration membrane was cellulose acetate with molecular weight cut off (MWCO) 10,000 and celtyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) was used to form pollutant-micelle complex with nitrate and phosphate. The results show that nitrate and phosphate rejections are satisfactory. The removal efficiency of nitrate and phosphate show 80% and 84% in single pollutant system, respectively with 3 molar ratio of CPC to pollutants. In the multi-pollutant systems, the removalefficiency increased to 90 % and 89 % for nitrate and phosphate, respectively, The presence of nitrate in the solutions did not affect the removal of phosphate and that of phosphate did not affect the removal of nitrate. The concentration of CPC in the permeate and removal efficiency of CPC was a function of the concentration of CPC in the feed solutions.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.313-318
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• 2002

Chitosan is known to be an excellent biocompatible natural polymer. Recently, with a growing interest of health and environment, chitosan which is good in no harmful effect on human body and environment, has been watched as the finish treatment of hygiene and pleasantness. The purpose of this study is to develop multi functional fabrics by chitosan added on acrylic acid grafted cotton fabrics. Therefore physical properties such as moisture regain, air permeability, whiteness, static voltage and tensile strength of chitosan added on acrylic acid grafted cotton fabrics were investigated. The results are as follows ; According to increased chitosan's concentration, grafting yield was decreased. Therefore thickness of film by treated chitosan added on acrylic acid grafted cotton fabric became thin. FT R spectra of chitosan add on acrylic acid grafted cotton fabric clearly showed peaks of COOH and $NH_2$, Moisture regain, static voltage of chitosan add on acrylic acid grafted cotton fabrics were increased than control. Air permeability, whiteness and tensile strength were decreased than control.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.929-934
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• 2001

As the notion of environment protection changes throughout the world, construction engineers, as part of the effort to resolve environmental problems, have been actively doing research on environmental friendly porous concrete using large and non-uniform aggregate. Concrete having a great deal of continuous porosity enable water and air to pass freely through firmly hardened material, allowing necessary nutrients to reach roots of vegetation, thereby sustaining them. It is possible to prevent the exhaustion of natural resources by recycling waste concrete and industrial by-products, to reduce damage caused by the destruction of nature through effective management of natural resources, to preserve the natural environment and vegetation in urban areas by activating the soil, protecting the underground ecology system, and growing garden plants through the application of environmentally friendly concrete.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.175-187
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• 2000

The stochastic vehicle routing problem (VRP) is a problem of growing importance since it includes a reality that the deterministic VRP does not have. The stochastic VRP arises whenever some elements of the problem are random. Common examples are stochastic service quantities and stochastic travel times. The solution methodologies for the stochastic VRP are very intricate and regarded as computationally intractable. Even heuristics are hard to develope and implement. On possible way of solving it is to apply a solution for the deterministic VRP. This paper presents a performance evaluation of four simple heuristic for the deterministic VRP is a stochastic environment. The heuristics are modified to consider the time window constraints. The computational results show that some of them perform very well in different cases of the stochastic VRP.