• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 1993

This study was a clinical Quasi-experiment to examine the effects of the range of motion exercise on powerlessness and life satisfaction among the E-Institutionalized elderly in Pusan. The purpose was to test the effect of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satis-faction, and to examine the correlation between powerlessness and life satisfaction. The subjects for this study were 54 elderly people, both were over 60 and residing at I-Institution in Pusan. The research samples of 54 elderly were divided into an experimental and control group by matching randomized assignment. The instruments for this study were the Assessment Tool of Powerlessness in the elderly developed by Miller, Life satisfaction developed by Yoon Jin, and the Active-Passive Range of Motion Exercise Program which was developed and utilized by Shin, Jae-Shin. The data were collected from December 15, 1990 to November 1991. The paired t-test, t-test and ANCOVA were used to test hypothesis I and II, related to the Effect of the Range of Motion Exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction. To identify the relationship of the range of motion exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction, path analysis was done through multiple regression. The interrelationship of the variables was analyzed using t-test paired t-test. The results of the three hypothesis can be summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis I -the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets lower powerlessness score than that of the control group-was accepted by t-test (t = -3.40, p = .001) but not accepted by ANCOVA (F = .1, p =.96). 2. Hypothesis II - the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets a higher Life Satisfaction Score than that of the control group-was not supported by t-test(t = 1.01, p = .316) but was accepted by ANCOVA (F = 4.39, p = .006). 3. Hypothesis III - if the powerlessness Score becomes higher, the Life Satisfaction Score will be-come lower - was accepted by Pearson Correlation Coefficient (pre-exercise : r : -.34, p=.006), (post exercise : r = -.06, p=.32) . The relation-ship between the score of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated. The results obtained clearly showed that the effects of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satisfaction are beneficial to the elderly The relation between the scores of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated and the range of motion exercise had a direct influence to powerlessness. Therefore, it is concluded that the relationship between powerlessness and life satis-faction was not a causal one. Also it is concluded that the range of motion exercises can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce powerlessness and to improve life satisfaction in the elderly.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.360-365
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• 2008

In the last several years, studies on the association of oxidative stress damage with exposure in the work place have been conducted. Xenobiotics create an imbalance of the homeostasis between oxidant molecules and antioxidant defense. By monitoring oxidative stress biomarkers, information was obtained on damages induced by oxidative stress and the toxicity of xenobiotics. In the present study, a Job Exposure Matrix (JEM) was constructed using the data from the Working Environment Measurement (WEM) of painters in the shipyard industry from the past 3 years to assess the exposure status. Additionally, by measuring the concentration of urinary malondialdehyde (MDA), the effect of lipid peroxidation was examined. The subjects consisted of 68 workers who were exposed to mixed organic solvents in the painting process and 25 non-exposure controls. The exposure indices of the exposure groups were significantly different (sprayer: 0.83, touchup: 0.54, assistant: 0.13, P<0.05). The urinary MDA concentration of the exposure group was 48.60${\pm}$ 39.23 ${\mu}mol$/mol creatinine, which was significantly higher than 18.03${\pm}$16.33 ${\mu}mol$/mol creatinine of the control group (P<0.05). From the multiple regression analysis of urinary MDA, the regression coefficient for exposure grade was statistically significant. In future studies, evaluation of the antioxidant levels of subjects should be performed simultaneously with quantitative exposure measurements.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.129-144
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to illuminate the ways to im-prove the level of life satisfaction of the elderly who chose or happened to live at paid facilities by examining some of factors such as individual family social support and facility related el-ements that would influence their life satisfaction. The interview outcomes came out in three main discussions. First the general characteristics of the participating elderly appeared to be that most of them were ver7y elderly relatively highly educated females and religions and the rate of being ill was high. And a half of them considered themselves as heal- thy people and the other half as unhealthy. Secondly in view of statisticsal results the level of their life satisfaction was influnced by their individual family and facillity related factors. As far as their individual related factor are concerned the level of one party's life satisfaction was relative-ely higher than that of other's when the person is female had religio presumed oneself as in healthy and good physical condition. And when participating member keeps good relation-ship with his or her own children the level of the person's life satisfaction was only slightly higher than other elderly group who did not have good relationship with their children. There were no other significant statistical differences on the level of their life satisfaction related to the social support factors between those two group. Thirdly the level of the elderly's life satisfaction was influe- nced in the order of folldwing factors: (1) the quality of facility living condition 2) the commitment of ownership of the organization (3) the elderly residents' own education level (4) the elderly's own subjectivel health condition and (5) the sex of the individuals.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.109-115
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• 2018

Electrical Resistance Welding (ERW) on a longitudinal seam-welded pipe has been extensively used in oil and gas pipelines. It is well known that the weld zone commonly suffers from grooving corrosion in ERW pipes. In this paper, the grooving corrosion performances of API X65 grade non-sour service (steel-A) and API X70 grade sour gas resistant (steel-B) steel electrical resistance welding pipelines were evaluated. The microstructure of the bondline is composed of coarse polygonal ferrite grains and several elongated pearlites. The elongated pattern is mainly concentrated in the center of the welded area. The grooving corrosion test and electrochemical polarization test were conducted to study the corrosion behavior of the given materials. A V-shaped corrosion groove was found at the center of the fusion zone in both the steel-A and steel-B ERW pipes, as the corrosion rate of the bondlines is higher than that of the base metal. Furthermore, the higher volume fraction of pearlite at the bondline was responsible for the higher corrosion rate at the bondline of both types of steel.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.51-60
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• 2010

In this study, the performance evaluation of a conventional wave resonator at the entrance of a port or a pier against secondary undulation has been performed using 2D hydrodynamic modeling within port. A wave resonator has been designed for the attenuation of the secondary undulation induced by the long-periodic waves. The controlled performance of the wave resonator has been numerically investigated for CGWAVE MODULE of finite-element model of SMS (Surface water Modeling System) based on the elliptic mild-slope wave equation. SMS was verified though the comparisons with analytical solution performed by Ippen and Goda (1963). Also, It was confirmed that a wave resonator of a rectangular model harbor is effective enough to control the secondary undulation when it compares variation of water level with the case of no resonance system. From the above results, amplification phenomenon induced by long-period waves transferred from 1900 sec to 2100 sec when it applied a wave resonator in Busan Gamcheon Port which is a deep-sea. And it was confirmed that a wave resonator of Pohang New Port attenuates largely long-period waves which are within the range of 300 sec induced by long-period motion of the moored ship.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.81-93
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• 2000

This study is designed to identify the current condition of male students ostracized as the black ship (Wangtta in Korean) in middle schools and the effects of the Guardian Angle program on the decrease in Wangtta. 428 frist graders of two junior high schools were devided into two groups, a test group (n=195) and a control group (n=233). SPSS/PC+ program was used for analysis of the data, including frequency analysis, ANOVA and x(sup)2-test. The outcome of research can be summed up as the following 74.7% of the subjects thinks that there is Wangtta going on in there classes. Wangtta often comes to pass during the recesses (74.2%) and lunch times (51.6%). Those who are easily exposed to Wangtta are most likely to be both snobbish and pedantic. Those who lead Wangtta turn out to be good at fighting (56.4%) and dominant in the hegemony of the class depending on the way of ignoring or not playing with the victims(69.3%) In the case of bearing witness to Wangtta. 36.9% of the subjects try to overlook the case. Now let me take a look at the effect of the guardian angle program on the decrease in Wangtta. The program has a significant effect on the decrease (p<0.05) in the number and the phenomena of Wangtta perceived by students in both advance and post tests. The program makes a significant difference in the aspects of students’ behavior in relation to Wangtta in a desirable way (p<.01) Though the sociality index of the victims doesn’t show any significant difference statistically, it exerts a generally positive effect.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.471-474
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• 2006

Several planktonic dinoflagellates, including Cochlodinium polykrikoides (p), are known to produce red tides responsible for massive fish kills and serious economic loss in turbid Northwest Pacific (Korean and neighboring) coastal waters during summer and fall seasons. In order to mitigate the impacts of these red tides, it is therefore very essential to detect, monitor and forecast their development and movement using currently available remote sensing technology because traditional ship-based field sampling and analysis are very limited in both space and temporal frequency. Satellite ocean color sensors, such as Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), are ideal instruments for detecting and monitoring these blooms because they provide relatively high frequency synoptic information over large areas. Thus, the present study attempts to evaluate the red tide index methods (previously developed by Ahn and Shanmugam et al., 2006) to identify potential areas of red tides from SeaWiFS imagery in Korean and neighboring waters. Findings revealed that the standard spectral ratio algorithms (OC4 and LCA) applied to SeaWiFS imagery yielded large errors in Chl retrievals for coastal areas, besides providing false information about the encountered red tides in the focused waters. On the contrary, the RI coupled with the standard spectral ratios yielded comprehensive information about various ranges of algal blooms, while RCA Chl showing a good agreement with in-situ data led to enhanced understanding of the spatial and temporal variability of the recent red tide occurrences in high scattering and absorbing waters off the Korean and Chinese coasts. The results suggest that the red tide index methods for the early detection of red tides blooms can provide state managers with accurate identification of the extent and location of blooms as a management tool.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.217-225
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• 2024

Even after the introduction of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS), many maritime accidents occur. A method of transmitting a rescue signal when a person falls into the water from a ship is currently being researched and developed in various ways, but no products have been developed that use frequencies allocated for maritime mobile service. Accordingly, in this study, we designed and produced a man-over-board (MOB) device by applying Group B AMRD technologies, which were adopted through the latest revision of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). In addition, a receiver and user interface were built to verify the performance of the transmitter, and we confirmed that it can be used in conjunction with existing electronic charts. This MOB device satisfies the general and technical requirements of Group B AMRD using AIS technology and uses integrated components for miniaturization for easy portability in a maritime environment. We expect that it will achieve excellent AIS communication and be essential in rapid response and safety in emergency scenarios.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.583-587
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• 1997

Incubation of an NADPH-dependent succinic semialdehyde reductase from bovine brain with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) resulted in a time-dependent loss of enzyme activity. The inactivation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with the second-order rate constant of $6.8\times{10}^3$ $M^-1$ $min^{-1}$. The inactivation was prevented by preincubation of the enzyme with substrate succinic semialdehyde, but not with coenzyme NADPH. There was a linear relation-ship between oxindole formation and the loss of enzyme activity. Spectro-photometric studies indicated that about one oxindole group per molecule of the enzyme was formed following complete loss of enzymatic activity. It is suggested that the catalytic function of succinic semialdehyde reductase is modulated by binding of NBS to a specific tryptophan residue at or near the substrate binding site of the enzyme.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.59-64
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• 1999

This study is about gaining orientation through anchorage act of a group of ferryman. In addition, a point acquisition and character of landmark that is closely realated to a point acquisition would be clarified by studying the form of configuration of the earth and object which is used landmark for anchorage. There are 13 anchorage points in the north part of Pusan harbor. 12 anchorage points are used to anchor. A ferryman let a ship which is temporarily anchoring move safely and speedily at the anchorage point. At that time, he uses landmarks by a technique of Overlay View. Between landmarks and viewer would be formed exquisite location combination. A mountain peak, a peak of island, nature configuration of land such as intermitent rock and location, size and form of buildings or structures of a city were variously appeared as landscape elements which were used landmarks. Looking at conditions to be easily captured as a target object, 1. A particular point of a mountain ridge line which was not shield by buildings. 2. In case objects have similar form, the building which was located in the front or the highest. 3. In case of a singular object, whatever there is physical elements, that would be a target object. Through this study a configuration of the ground such as a mountain peak which is become the background of harbor landscape is very important element to find anchorage point in configuration of the ground and object. So, the continuous preservation of the contour line of mountain is needed to do safe and effective anchorage act.