• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2006

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of the positive menial stress, eustress, on autonomic nervous system(ANS) and human health. For this, we analyzed heart rate variability(HRV) parameters, the most promising markers of ANS function to assess the changes of emotional and physiological states of human body. We measured HRV Signal of World Cup group(281 male subjects: $29.8{\pm}5.6yr$., 187 female subjects: $29.0{\pm}5.4yr$.) in two stadiums at least an hour before the game during '2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan' event. We also measured control group's(331 male subjects: $30.9{\pm}4.7 yr$., 344 female subjects: $30.2{\pm}5.2 yr$.) in the health promotion centers in two university hospitals at least a month before and after the world cup event period. Considering physiological differences between males and females, the data analysis was applied to 'male group' and 'female group' separately. As a result, some tendency was observed that is different from what we have known as the stress reaction. In general, all parameter values except that of mean heart rate tend to decrease under stressed condition. However, under eustressed condition, both heart rate and standard deviation of the Normal to Normal intervals(SDNN) were higher then those of normal condition(p<0.05). Especially, in case of female group, contrary to distressed condition, every frequency-domain powers showed tile higher value(p<0.05, p<0.001). Considering that decrease of HRV indicates the loss of one's health, the increase of SDNN and frequency parameters means that homeostasis control mechanism of ANS is functioning positively. Accordingly, induction of eustress from international sports event may affect positively to the people's health.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2016

Objective : This study used the HEXACO personality structure model to evaluate the relationship between personality profiles and symptoms in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders. Methods : Total 123 patients with depression or anxiety disorders completed Beck depression inventory (BDI), state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI), and HEXACO-personality inventory. Correlation analysis and independent t-test were performed for comparison between HEXACO and BDI or STAI scores. Results : Depressive symptoms were negatively correlated with extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experiences. Both severity of state and trait anxiety were positively correlated with emotionality, and negatively correlated with conscientiousness and agreeableness. Moreover, state anxiety was negatively correlated with honesty-humility, and trait anxiety was negatively correlated with extraversion. The depression group showed significantly higher emotionality and lower extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experiences, and agreeableness compared to the non-depression group. In a comparison of the HEXACO domain scores between the non-anxiety and anxiety group, honesty-humility and agreeableness in the state anxiety group and extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in trait anxiety group were significantly lower. Conclusion : Theses results suggest that the depression or anxiety symptoms were highly correlated with personality profiles. Therefore, evaluating the personality profiles in these patients may be helpful for directing appropriate therapeutic plans.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.247-264
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to establish the concept of self - management in university athletes through two integrated research methods as an open-ended questionnaire and focus group interview. Data collection was conducted with open questionnaire for 157 athletes attending in Seoul Gyeonggi-do university and the 14 university athletes were collected data by focus group interview. Results from a series of research procedures are as follow. First, the result of open-ended questionnaire's inductive content analysis, university athletes' self management included 8 general sectors such as life management, training management, competitive management, emotion management, study management, interpersonal management, goal(motivation) management, equipment management. Second, in the focus group interview results, inductive content analysis was more properly supported, and interviews focused on sports field were deeply derived. The results of this study will be used as a basic data to establish strategies for successful athletes' life and develop to university athletes' self management.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2012

Purpose: Recently, Neurofeedback training system that based on biofeedback of brain wave was introduced. This study was performed to identify the effects of the improvement of brain function by Neurofeedback training on elders(the 2nd or 3rd grade of long-term care insurance services). Methods: A quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group, pre-post test was used. Total 11 elderly were enrolled in this study (experimental group 5, control group 6). The intervention was conducted 3 times a week for 30 minutes from January to June, 2012 (total 60 times). Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to analyze the data. Results: After the Neurofeedback intervention, attention quotient (AQ), anti-stress quotient (ASQ), emotion quotient (EQ) and brain quotient (BQ) of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the Neurofeedback training program was effective in reducing fatigue by AQ, increasing the physical and mental stress resistance by ASQ, emotional balance by EQ and improving of total brain function by BQ. Therefore Neurofeedback training be used as an effective training intervention for the health of elderly in geriatric facility.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2017

Objectives It is well known that problem drinking is associated with alterations of brain structures and functions. Brain functions related to alcohol consumption can be determined by the resting state functional connectivity in various resting state networks (RSNs). This study aims to ascertain the alcohol effect on the structures forming predetermined RSNs by assessing their cortical thickness. Methods Twenty-six abstinent male patients with alcohol dependence and the same number of age-matched healthy control were recruited from an inpatient mental hospital and community. All participants underwent a 3T MRI scan. Averaged cortical thickness of areas constituting 7 RSNs were determined by using FreeSurfer with Yeo atlas derived from cortical parcellation estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. Results There were significant group differences of mean cortical thicknesses (Cohen's d, corrected p) in ventral attention (1.01, < 0.01), dorsal attention (0.93, 0.01), somatomotor (0.90, 0.01), and visual (0.88, 0.02) networks. We could not find significant group differences in the default mode network. There were also significant group differences of gray matter volumes corrected by head size across the all networks. However, there were no group differences of surface area in each network. Conclusions There are differences in degree and pattern of structural recovery after abstinence across areas forming RSNs. Considering the previous observation that group differences of functional connectivity were significant only in networks related to task-positive networks such as dorsal attention and cognitive control networks, we can explain recovery pattern of cognition and emotion related to the default mode network and the mechanisms for craving and relapse associated with task-positive networks.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2010

The study is to find relative EEG power spectrum and pattern of coherence discriminating attentive and inattentive hand movements. Eight undergraduate students aged from 20 to 27 who had not hand disability participated in this study. Participants were asked to perform visuo-motor task. EEG was measured at C3 in 10~20 international system and four areas orthogonally directed 2.5cm away from C3. Significant result discriminating movement and rest was found through coherence analysis between movement areas or movement area and non-movement area, but was individually different. Because it was anticipated that major factors caused by the differences among individuals were attributed to the attention of the subjects, relative power of alpha and beta bands was identified. As a result, significant relative powers of alpha and beta bands were found in a group of high coherence level, but were not found in a group of low level. Next, participants were divided into two groups according to relative powers of alpha and beta bands. The comparison between two groups was performed. As a result, the coherence of the alpha band in the attentive group was greater than that of the inattentive group. It was found that the coherence of the beta band in the inattentive group was happening. Therefore, individual differences of coherence were influenced by attention. The significant coherence patterns that could discriminate attentive movement and inattentive movement were found.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.607-621
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• 2009

In order to deal with consumer's demand changes in market condition, it is necessary to have a study on the consumer behavior to promote seafood consumption. The objective of this study is to examine the factors that have influences on consumer involvement of seafood. It is also aim to examine how the situation of seafood factors influences the consumer's behavior in purchasing and consuming the seafood. In this study, I have conducted a survey by using Busan housewives as random sampling. To examine this variable, situation factors that I used if the factor analysis. I also performed a multiple regression analysis to understand how the situation factors influenced the consumer's emotion and their satisfaction within the level of involvement. The result showed that consumer involvement seafood is created by not only interests and preferences, but also knowledge, perceived risk and profits. The seafood situation factors are divided into purchase situation, consumption situation and communication situation: purchase situation includes store factor, while consumption situation includes health factor and cooking-motive factor and communication situation includes information factor. Results of examining whether there are differences in the involvement explains that the involvement is different according to the level and it is divided into 2 groups. The first groups is the high-involvement group that shows preferences and interests, perceived risk and profits. Another group is the low-involvement group that shows preferences and interests, knowledge and profits. The result on examining whether situation sectors have influences on the involvement shows that high-involvement group is only affected by store factor in purchase situation and low-involvement group is only affected by information factor in communication situation.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.296-306
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to compare the physical injury, emotional response and unplanned self-removal of medical devices in patients with physical restraints and patients not restrained. Methods: Eighty patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital in Seoul participated in this study. Forty patients made up each group and the group not restrained was matched with the restraint group for age and history of smoking and alcohol consumption. Data on occurrence of physical injury, intensity of anxiety, stage of agitation and unplanned self-removal of medical devices were collected by observation and medical chart review using a structured instrument. Statistical processing of collected data was done with the SPSS WIN 17.0 program. Results: The physically restrained group experienced more physical injuries and recorded significantly higher levels of anxiety and agitation than the unrestrained group. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in occurrence of unplanned self-removal of medical devices. Conclusion: Results indicate a need for critical care nurses to carefully monitor physical injuries and emotional responses of physically restrained patients and to develop nursing interventions to prevent adverse effects associated with restraint use. There is also a need to develop patient safety guidelines when using physical restraints.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.128-137
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the effects of oriental herbal tea on the brain function elders at the day care center and the nursing home. Methods: This study used a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. Total 38 of elderly population (20 of experimental group and 18 of control group) was recruited. 100 mL of a type of oriental herbal tea developed for purpose of this study was given to each subject 3 times a day for 30 days (from May to Jun 2013). The brain function quotient was used to measure brain function. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: After drinking the oriental herbal tea, more significant improvement on attention quotient (AQ), anti-stress quotient (ASQ), emotion quotient (EQ) and brain quotient (BQ) were found in the experimental group than control group. Conclusion: This study shows that oriental herbal tea can be a health promotion option in elders. Therefore the tea can be utilized as an effective intervention for the health of elders in health facilities.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2022

Objectives: Academic stress poses a significant risk for the mental health of medical students, and a feasible group intervention program for managing academic stress is required. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on the mental health of Korean medical students. Methods: The class of first-year medical school students (n=36) participated in an after-school EFT group intervention program comprising six sessions (15 minutes/session, three weeks) to analyze its clinical effectiveness as a single-group test-retest clinical study. The changes in the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scores were examined using a paired t-test and Cohen's D at post-EFT and two-week follow-up. Results: There were significant curtailments at post-EFT and follow-up measures in TAI-Total (t=2.704 and t=3.289), TAI-Worry (t=2.297 and t=2.454), TAI-Emotionality (t=2.763 and t=3.654), PSS-Negative Perspective (t=2.659 and t=3.877), and PANAS-Negative Affect (t=2.885 and t=3.259) subscales, however not in PSS-Positive Perspective (t=-1.279 and t=-1.101) and PANAS-Positive Affect (t=0.194 and t=-0.122) subscales. The trait anxiety (t=2.227) was significantly mitigated in the post-EFT measure and the state anxiety (t=2.30) in the follow-up measure. Conclusions: The EFT group intervention alleviated test stress, negative affect, and anxiety in the Korean medical students. This study contributes to an understanding of academic stress and EFT intervention in the competitive environment of medical education.