• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.152-163
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• 2015

In this study, to raise the interest and curiosity of students and at the same time to learn science concepts meaningfully for students, the teaching and learning program was developed by applying the Frayer model. The purpose of this study was to find out the Effect of Elementary Science Teaching Program with Frayer model on Learning Motive and Learning Achievement. To this end, the 6th grade classroom of A-elementary school located in Seogwipo-city was selected the experimental group (26 patients). And the other 6th grade classroom in the same school was selected to the comparative group (27 patients). The experimental group was conducted applying the Frayer model. Comparison group has been conducted lesson program in accordance with the general science class teacher guide. Was through a pre-test of science learning motivation and academic achievement level can be assumed in the same group. After completing the experimental treatment by conducting a post-mortem examination was statistically validated. In this study, the following conclusions were obtained. First, elementary science class which applied Frayer model had the effect of to improve the scientific motivation. In particular, attention (p <.01), association (p <.01), confidence (p <.01) in the experimental group were higher than the scores of the comparative group, the difference was significant. Second, the Frayer model applied to elementary science class had a significant effect on improving science achievement. The experimental group which applied Frayer model was higher than the comparative group in science achievement post-test comparison. Between the groups showed a significant difference between the two groups (p <.01). The above findings, Elementary science class which applied Frayer model can be concluded to be effective in science and science achievement motivation. Therefore, applying the Frayer model of elementary science class could be useful in science teaching and learning methods. In addition, when it is determined through the previous study, applying the Frayer model classes will be able to derive a meaningful learning also subjected to a number of fields and areas.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2016

In order to examine the applicability, the evaporation estimation approaches based on solar radiation are classified into 3 different model groups (Model groups A, B, and C) in this study. Each group is tested in the 6 study stations (Seoul, Daejeon, Jeonju, Busan, Mokpo, and Jeju). The model parameters of each model group are estimated and verified with measured pan evaporation data. The applicability of verified model groups are compared with results of Penman (1948) combination approach. Nash-Sutcliffe (N-S) efficiency coefficients greater than 0.663 in all study stations indicate satisfactory estimates of evaporation. On the other hand, in the model verification process, N-S efficiency coefficients greater than 0.526 in all study stations indicate also satisfactory estimates of evaporation. However, N-S efficiency coefficients in all study cases except Model groups B and C in Busan are less than those of Penman (1948) combination approach. Therefore, it is concluded in this study that the evaporation estimation approaches based on solar radiation have capability to replace Penman (1948) combination approach for the estimation of evaporation in case that some meteorological data (wind speed, relative humidity) are missing or not measured.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.437.2-438
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of garlic, soy protein and taurine on blood lipid profiles in postmenopausal hyperlipidemic model rats. Seventy-two female Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200g were fed a commercial diet for one week. All rats were ovariectomized and then were randomly assigned to eight groups (high fat diet group; HFD group, 2% garlic powder group; GP group, taurine group; TR group, soy protein group; SP group, 2% garlic powder ＋ taurine group; GP＋TR group, 2% garlic powder+ soy protein group; GP＋SP group, taurine＋soy protein group; TR＋SP group, 2% garlic powder＋taurine＋soy protein group; GP＋TR＋SP group).(omitted)

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2012

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a problem-based learning model for orthopedic manual physical therapy. A problem-based learning (PBL) model for orthopedic manual physical therapy developed from PBL module of Jeju C university (Halla-Newcastle PBL Center). A summary of this study is as follows: 1) PBL model is comprised of a class of 30 students, operated small group as of 4~5 students. 2) PBL is suggested a scenario of clinical case, induced variety reaction through group discussion and presentation. 3) PBL is occurred wide variety learning through group work activity and self-directed learning. 4) The tutor as a facilitator is played a guide for group discussion, work activity and team learning. 5) The evaluation for PBL is performed such as student self-evaluation, group activity evaluation, individual presentation, and practice. This model is considered wide variety learning through team learning and self-directed learning by clinical reasoning and problem solving for musculoskeletal clinical case. We suggest problem based learning for the education of orthopedic manual physical therapy in which the learners are very interested in and has the effective outcome.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.1440-1453
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• 2011

Proper consumer segmentation is receiving more attention from industry professionals as markets become more diverse and consumer-centered. Researchers have recognized the limitations of the traditional cluster analysis technique and this research study analyzes market segmentation using Mixture-model or latent-class segmentation. This study used a questionnaire to determine the characteristics of clothing shoppers using a new technique that proved its superiority over traditional techniques. Questions included items measuring fashion shopping behavior, store choice criteria, apparel consumption styles, price perception by product type, and demographic characteristics. Data were collected from 1074 males and females in their 20s and 30s through an online survey. SPSS 16.0 and Latent GOLD 4.0 were used to analyze the data. The ideal typology of clothing shoppers using the Mixture-model were: 'brand loyalty orientated group', 'group of conservative late 30s', 'group of pleasure-emotion early 20s', 'value oriented consumer product with high-income group', 'group of eco/symbol oriented consumer', and 'group of utility/goal oriented male consumer'. This study showed differences in fashion product purchasing behavior by conducting market segmentation for clothing shoppers using the Mixture-model.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.273-286
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• 2020

The pile group foundation is widely used for gravity pier of high-speed railway bridges in China. If a moderate or strong earthquake occurs, the pile-surrounding soil will exhibit obvious nonlinearity and significant pile group effect. In this study, an improved pushover analysis model for the pile group foundation with consideration of pile group effect is presented and validated by the quasi-static test. The improved model uses simplified springs to simulate the soil lateral resistance, side friction and tip resistance. PM (axial load-bending moment) plastic hinge model is introduced to simulate the impact of the axial force changing of pile group on their elastic-plastic characteristics. The pile group effect is considered in stress-stain relations of the lateral soil resistance with a reduction factor. The influence factors on nonlinear characteristics and plastic hinge distribution of the pile group foundation are discussed, including the pier height, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and stirrup ratio of the pile, and soil mechanical parameters. Furthermore, the displacement ductility factor, resistance increase factor and yielding stiffness ratio are provided to evaluate the seismic performance of soil-pile system. A case study for the pile group foundation of a railway simply supported beam bridge with a 32 m-span is conducted by numerical analysis. It is shown that the ultimate lateral force of pile group is not determined by the yielding force of the single one in these piles. Therefore, the pile group effect is essential for the seismic performance evaluation of the railway bridge with pile group foundation.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Paljeong-san pharmac-opuncture(PJS) on the rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods : Rats were divided into 5 groups, with 6 rats in each group. The 5 groups included sham-operated group(sham group), BPH model group(BPH group), finasteride-treated group (fina group), PJS-treated groups(PJS 10 and PJS 100 group). Testosterone was injected subcutaneously to the castrated rats except sham group for BPH model. During 4-week experimental period, finasteride(5 mg/kg) was administrated orally once daily in fina group, PJS in PJS 10(10 mg/kg) and PJS 100(100 mg/kg) group and normal saline in sham and BPH group were injected subcutaneously once daily at Jungwan($CV_{12}$). We checked prostate weights, serum concentration of dihydrotestosterone(DHT), morphologic changes of the prostate, and the amount of expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and $5{\alpha}$-reductase gene to evaluate the effect of PJS after 4-week experimental period. Results : 1. PJS and finasteride treatment reduced prostate weights comparing with BPH group, but PJS-treated groups showed no significant changes, unlikely fina group. 2. PJS-treated groups showed significant degreases in concentration of DHT. 3. PJS-treated groups showed significant degreases concentration-dependently in the amount of expression of the PCNA and $5{\alpha}$-reductase gene. 4. PJS treatment showed shrinking of thickness in the prostatic epithelial tissue. Conclusions : PJS has the effects that improve the symptoms of BPH through inhibiting proliferation of the prostatic tissues.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.62-72
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• 2010

As the applications for Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) have varied, performance analysis has become one of the main research areas. They commonly offer only simple radio propagation models that neglect obstacles of a propagation environment. The radio wave propagation model has a strong impact on the results of the simulation run. In this paper we present the new experimental results of the impacts of the various propagation models on MANETs' performance. Intensive simulations have been presented using the group mobility which models typical ad-hoc situations such as military movements or disaster recovery activities under the supervision of a group leader. Comparisons of conventional simple models with more complicated models, i.e., shadowing, Raleigh, and Ricean models, show that, in spite of the models' popularity, the free space and two-ray ground models are too optimistic in describing real ad-hoc group mobility situations.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1425-1434
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was tried to identify the effect of nursing students' learning motivation in microbiology through microbiology laboratory practice based on the Keller's ARCS model. In order to achieve this research, this study was designed a quasi-experimental pre-post tests control group. Experimental group received a microbiology theory and practice based on ARCS model and control group received microbiology theory only. To identify the microbiology learning motivation effect to nursing student, we measured learning motivation by Keller's ARCS model that consisted of attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. The major results of the experimental group showed significantly higher level of total learning motivation and all four subcategories compared to control group. Based upon the above results, microbiology laboratory practice might be beneficial for the nursing students to motivate microbiology learning.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.13-28
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to compare of learning effects between the inquiry training model and traditional lecture method in the unit of food and nutrition of home economics in the middle school and propose a teaching-learning method of home economics in the middle school.For this study I sampled one hundred students both male and female who were in the first grade students of middle school in Ansan city.The students were divided into two groups each of which was composed of one male class and one female class. One was called the inquiry training model group, which was taught by the inquiry training model, the other the traditional lecture method group, which was taught by traditional lecture method .They learned about food and nutrition unit during the same time. To evaluate the effectiveness of learning, learning achievement degree, instruction interest degree, and the powers of exploration process, a creativity lest by using a Questionnaire was gIven.The resuits of this study are as follows: 1. In the traditional lecture method group between the inquiry training model one, the difference of learning achievement degree was not significant. The score of learning achieve ment degree in the inquiry training group, the female class got higher scores than .the maleone, but the difference was not significant. 2. In the test of instruction interest degree, the traditional lecture method group got higher scores than the inquiry training model one. (p<.001.). In the inquiry training group the male class got higher scores than the f ema Ie one. (p < .001 ) 3. In the test of powers of exploration process, the traditional lecture method group got higher scores than the inquiry training model one.( p< .00 1). In the inquiry training group, the male class got higher scores than the female one, but the difference was not significant. 4. In the test of creativity, the traditional lecture method group got higher scores than the inquiry training one. (p < .00 1). In the inquiry training group, the female class got higher scores than the male one, but the difference was not significant Therefore, the inquiry training model is the more effective instruction model for both male and female students, rather than the traditional lecture method for instruction interest de¬gree, powers of exploration process, creativity and extends instruction interest degree for the male studentsale students.