• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.541-547
• /
• 2017

용원해역은 부산신항 개발사업의 일환으로 추진된 북컨테이너부두 조성사업 및 항만 배후단지 조성사업으로 전면 해역이 매립되어 원활한 해수흐름이 차단되고 송정천 하구 지점의 견마도 북쪽 통로를 이용한 선박이동만이 가능한 좁고 긴 수로형태로 변형되었다. 따라서 용원수로에 유입되는 오염물질은 수로에 체류되어 서서히 확산되는 양상을 보일 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 용원수로 내 준설 전 후 퇴적토 용출실험을 실시한 결과 준설 후에 용출농도가 낮게 나타났으며, 그룹별(A~C) 삭감률을 산정한 결과 T-N의 삭감률은 4.6%, 18.0%, 18.6%로 나타났다. T-P의 삭감률은 24.8%, 24.2%, 44.1%로 나타났다. COD의 삭감률은 18.6%, 19.8%, 38.1%로 용원수로 내 준설 후 수질개선의 효과가 나타났으며, 준설을 통한 용원수로 내 오염원을 제어하기 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제33권8호
• /
• pp.564-571
• /
• 2011

하천복원과 환경유량을 위한 기초자료를 확립하고자 한강수계중 달천에서 어류상, 군집구조 및 물리적 서식조건을 2008년 9월부터 2009년 11월까지 조사하였다. 5개지점을 선정하여 실시된 어류 채집결과 총 9과 35종 2,089개체가 포획되었으며, 이중 한국고유종은 줄납자루 및 참종개를 포함하는 총 19종(54.3%)이 출현하였다. 출현어종중 개체수 구성비가 가장 높은 종은 피라미로 30.3%를 차지하였고, 다음은 쉬리 18.0%, 참갈겨니 13.0 등의 순으로 나타났다. 어류군집은 상류로부터 하류로 내려갈수록 어종수가 증가되는 것으로 나타났으며, 생물다양도는 양호상태를 나타내었다. 집괴분석은 0.63 수준에서 2개의 그룹으로 나누어졌다. 우리나라 대부분 상류하천은 여울과 유수역이 반복되면서 이어지는 형태를 보여주고 있으나, 무분별한 하천사업 및 직강화 수로화 공사로 인해 하천의 서식지 다양성이 계속 감소되고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 생물다양성을 유지하고 생태적 하천복원을 위해서는 각 어종에 대한 물리적 서식 조건을 자세하게 파악하여 서식지 조성에 필요한 노력을 해야 할 것이다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2012

목적: 세가지 기원의 줄기 세포 분화능과 면역표현형을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 견봉하 점액낭과 골수, 탯줄 혈액 세 개의 군에서 세포를 채취하였다. 견봉하 점액낭과 골수는 견관절 수술 환자군에게 임상적 동의 하에 수술중 채취하였다. 각각의 채취된 세포 및 탯줄 혈액에 대하여 계대 배양을 시행하여 신경 분화군, 지방 분화군, 골 분화군을 평가하였으며 세포 표면 항체를 밝히기 위해 유동세포분석법을 이용하였다. 결과: 견봉하 점액낭 유래 세포에서는 신경분화와 지방 분화는 8예 모두 (100%)에서, 골분화는 8례 중 5예 (62.5%)에서 성공할 수 있었으며 골수 유래 세포의 경우 신경 및 지방 분화 유도한 6례 및 5예 모두 (100%) 분화에 성공하였으나 골분화 유도는 5예 중 4예 (80%)에서 얻을 수 있었다. 반면 탯줄 유래 세포 분화 연구의 경우 신경 분화 유도 67례 중 65예 (97%)에서 지방 분화 연구 54예 중 29예 (53.7%)에서 골 분화 연구 57예 중 39예 (68.4%)에서 성공할 수 있었다. 결론: 탯줄 유래 줄기세포의 분화능과 비교하였을 때 견봉하 점액낭 및 골수 유래 줄기세포의 분화능이 우수함을 알 수 있으며 이는 향후 세포 치료에 있어서 안정성 있는 치료 제공자가 될 수 있을 것으로 보이며 향후 생체 실험 연구의 참고 자료로서도 가치가 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제33권5호
• /
• pp.373-383
• /
• 2015

공간정보는 국토의 효율적 관리와 재해·재난·환경·시설물·기업마케팅·문화재 관리 등 사회전반에 걸쳐 활용되고 있으며, 향후 더 많은 수요가 예상되고 있다. 이에 중앙정부, 지방자치단체, 공공기관 등에서는 데이터 품질이 확보된 정확한 정보를 기반으로 국가공간정보시스템(국토교통부 국토정보정책관실에서 관리하는 15개의 공간정보 관련 시스템) 체계를 구축해야하며, 이를 통해 정책결정이나 민원지원에서 공간정보의 활용과 편의를 도모할 수 있다. 그러나, 현재 국가공간정보시스템은 개별 업무처리 위주로 시스템을 구축하고, 분산된 연계 채널로 인해 데이터 중복구축과 품질 저하라는 문제가 발생하여 공간정보의 공개·개방이 소극적으로 이루어지고 있는 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 국가공간정보시스템의 데이터 흐름에 가치사슬 모형을 적용하여 ‘생산·구축’, ‘통합·공유’, ‘응용·융복합’, ‘공개·개방’ 이라는 4단계의 공간정보 데이터 흐름 기준을 도출하였으며, 이를 기반으로 15개의 국가공간정보시스템에 대한 현황분석을 통해 시사점을 도출하고 국가공간정보시스템 개편 추진 방향을 제시하였다. 향후 국가공간 정보시스템의 개편 모델과 순환체계를 통해 최신성·일관성·정확성·연계성이 확보된 공간정보서비스를 제공하여 수요자의 요구를 만족시키고 공공활용 및 민간개방 활성화를 기대한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제59권10호
• /
• pp.23.1-23.11
• /
• 2017

Background: Although soybean meal (SBM) is excellent source of protein in diets for poultry, it is sometimes inaccessible, costly and fluctuates in supply. The SBM can partially be replaced by full-fat SBM, but the meals prepared from raw full-fat soybean contain antinutritional factors. To avoid the risk of antinutritional factors, heat treatment is always advisable, but either excessive or under heating the soybean could negatively affect the quality. However, the potential for further improvement of SBM by supplementing with microbial enzymes has been suggested by many researchers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and ileal nutrient digestibility of birds fed on diets containing raw soybeans and supplemented with microbial protease. Methods: A $3{\times}2$ factorial, involving 3 levels of raw full-fat soybean (RFFS; 0, 45 or 75 g/kg of diet) and 2 levels of protease (0 or 15,000 PROT/kg) was used. The birds were raised in a climate-controlled room. A nitrogen-free diet was also offered to a reference group from day 19 to 24 to determine protein and amino acid flow at the terminal ileum and calculate the standardized ileal digestibility of nutrients. On days 10, 24 and 35, body weight and feed leftover were recorded to calculate the body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). On day 24, samples of ileal digesta were collected at least from two birds per replicate. Results: When RFFS was increased from 0 to 75 g/kg of diet, the content of trypsin inhibitors was increased from 1747 to 10,193 trypsin inhibitors unit (TIU)/g of diets, and feed consumption of birds was also reduced (P < 0.05). Increasing RFFS level reduced the BWG from hatch 0 to 10 d (P < 0.01) and hatch to 24 d (P < 0.05). The BWG of birds from hatch to 35 was not significantly (P = 0.07) affected. Feed intake was also reduced (P < 0.05) during 0 to 35 d. However, protease supplementation improved (P < 0.05) the BWG and FCR during 0 to 24 d. Rising levels of RFFS increased the weight of pancreas (P < 0.001) and small intestine (P < 0.001) at day 24. Except for methionine, apparent and the corresponding standardized ileal digestibility of CP and AA were reduced (P < 0.01) by increasing levels of RFFS in diets. Conclusion: This study showed that some commercial SBM could be replaced by RFFS in broiler diets, without markedly compromising productivity. The AID and SID of CP and lysine were slightly improved by dietary supplementation of microbial protease.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.399-405
• /
• 2014

We investigated the effects of feeding rate on the growth performance, blood components, and histology of growing olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Optimum feeding rate (initial fish mean weight : $316.7{\pm}6.18g$) was determined under the optimum water temperature. Two replicated groups of fish were fed a commercial diet at rates of 0%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% of body weight (BW) per day, and to satiation. Feeding trial was conducted using a flow-through system with 10 1.2-metric ton aquaria receiving filtered seawater at $21-24^{\circ}C$ for 3 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly higher in fish fed to satiation (1.0% BW/day) than in those in other treatments. These parameters were negative and significantly lower in the starved fish than in fish fed the experimental diet at all feeding rates. There were no significant differences in WG and SGR among fish fed at 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% BW/day. Hematocrit and hemoglobin in fish fed to satiation were significantly lower than those in other treatments. Histological changes of fish fed at 0.6% BW/day indicated that this group was in the best condition; differences were not found in tissues of fish fed at 0%, 0.6% and 1.0% BW/day. Broken-line regression analysis of weight gain showed that the optimum feeding rate of olive flounder weighing 317 g was 0.99% BW per day at the optimum water temperature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.2419-2423
• /
• 2015

Background: There are few choices for treatment of advanced cancer patients who do not respond to or tolerate conventional anti-cancer treatments. Therefore this study aimed to deploy the benefits and clinical efficacy of continuous dendritic cell-cytokine induced killer cell infusions in such patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 381 infusions (from 67 advanced cases recruited) were included in this study. All patients underwent peripheral blood mononuclear cell apheresis for the following cellular therapy and dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cells were expanded in vitro. Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets were quantified through flow cytometry to address the cellular immunity status. Clinical efficacy and physical activities were evaluated by RECIST criteria and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores respectively. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between cellular infusions and clinical benefits. Results: An average of $5.7{\pm}2.94{\times}10^9$ induced cells were infused each time and patients were exposed to 6 infusions. Cellular immunity was improved in that cytotoxic $CD8^+CD28^+$ T lymphocytes were increased by 74% and suppressive $CD8^+CD28^-$ T lymphocytes were elevated by 16% (p<0.05). Continuous infusion of dendritic cells-cytokine induced killer cells was associated with improvement of both patient status and cellular immunity. A median of six infusions were capable of reducing risk of progression by 70% (95%CI 0.10-0.91). Every elevation of one ECOG score corresponded to a 3.90-fold higher progression risk (p<0.05) and 1% increase of $CD8^+CD28^-$ T cell proportion reflecting a 5% higher risk of progression (p<0.05). Conclusions: In advanced cancer patients, continuous dendritic cell-cytokine induced killer cell infusions are capable of recovering cellular immunity, improving patient status and quality of life in those who are unresponsive to conventional cancer treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.1285-1290
• /
• 2014

The aim was to determine whether ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) promotes dual targeting of HSP72 and HSC70 for therapy of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), to improve the specific and efficient delivery of siRNA, to induce tumor cell specific apoptosis, and to find new therapeutic targets specific of CRPC.VCaP cells were transfected with siRNA oligonucleotides. HSP70, HSP90 and cleaved caspase-3 expression were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Apoptosis and transfection efficiency were assessed by flow cytometry. Cell viability assays were used to evaluate safety. We found HSP72, HSC70 and HSP90 expression to be absent or weak in normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1), but uniformly strong in prostate cancerous cells (VCaP). UTMD combined with dual targeting of HSP72 and HSC70 siRNA improve the efficiency of transfection, cell uptake of siRNA, downregulation of HSP70 and HSP90 expression in VCaP cells at the mRNA and protein level, and induction of extensive tumor-specific apoptosis. Cell counting kit-8 assays showed decreased cellular viability in the HSP72/HSC70-siRNA silenced group. These results suggest that the combination of UTMD with dual targeting HSP70 therapy for PCa may be most efficacious, providng a novel, reliable, non-invasive, safe targeted approach to improve the specific and efficient delivery of siRNA, and achieve maximal effects.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 2013

목적: 점안마취제 성분인 proparacaine hydrochloride (PPC)에 의한 결막세포주의 세포자연사와 이에 대한 epigallocatechingallate(EGCG)의 보호효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 동일한 조건으로 배양된 결막세포주에 Alcaine$^{(R)}$ 0.5%, PPC 0.5%, 그리고 0.01% benzalkonium chloride (BAC)을 각각 15분간 처리한 후, 추가적으로 12시간과 24시간 배양한 후 세 군으로 나누어 MTT assay와 LDH assay를 실시하였다. 배양된 결막세포주에 EGCG를 $10{\mu}M$의 농도로 3시간 동안 전 처리한 후 0.5% PPC를 15분간 추가 배양한 다음 유세포분석기를 이용한 세포자연사 정도를 측정하였다. 결과: Alcaine$^{(R)}$ 0.5%, PPC 0.5%, BAC 0.01%를 15분 동안 처리한 직후와 다시 12시간과 24시간 추가 배양한 결과 모든 군에서 세포생존율이 증가하지 않았다(p<0.05). 0.5% PPC 단독처리군($32.2{\pm}2.0%$)에 비해 $10{\mu}M$의 EGCG 3시간 전 처리하고 PPC 0.5% 후 처리한 군(68.2%)에서 세포 생존율은 더 높아졌다. 또한 PPC 0.5% 처리한 군에서 유도된 세포자연사는 EGCG 첨가로 감소되었다. 결론: 점안마취제인 PPC에 EGCG를 전처리함으로써 세포생존율을 증가시키고, 세포자연사를 억제함으로서 EGCG는 세포보호 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제13권11호
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2015

Purpose - Due to highly elevated levels of competition, many companies today have to face the problem of decreasing profits even when their actual sales volume is increasing. This is a common phenomenon that is seen occurring among companies that focus heavily on quantitative growth rather than qualitative growth. These two aspects of growth should be well balanced for a company to create a sustainable business model. For supply chain management (SCM) planners, the optimized, quantified flow of resources used to be of major interest for decades. However, this trend is rapidly changing so that managers can put the appropriate balance between sales volume and sales quality, which can be evaluated from the profit margin. Profit optimization is a methodology for companies to use to achieve solutions focused more on profitability than sales volume. In this study, we attempt to provide executional insight for companies considering implementation of the profit optimization system to enhance their business profitability. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, we present a comprehensive explanation of the subject of profit optimization, including the fundamental concepts, the most common profit optimization logic algorithm -linear programming -the business functional scope of the profit optimization system, major key success factors for implementing the profit optimization system at a business organization, and weekly level detailed business processes to actively manage effective system performance in achieving the goals of the system. Additionally, for the purpose of providing more realistic and practical information, we carefully investigate a profit optimization system implementation case study project fulfilled for company S. The project duration was about eight months, with four full-time system development consultants deployed for the period. To guarantee the project's success, the organization adopted a proven system implementation methodology, supply chain management (SCM) six-sigma. SCM six-sigma was originally developed by a group of talented consultants within Samsung SDS through focused efforts and investment in synthesizing SCM and six-sigma to improve and innovate their SCM operations across the entire Samsung Organization. Results - Profit optimization can enable a company to create sales and production plans focused on more profitable products and customers, resulting in sustainable growth. In this study, we explain the concept of profit optimization and prerequisites for successful implementation of the system. Furthermore, the efficient way of system security administration, one of the hottest topics today, is also addressed. Conclusion - This case study can benefit numerous companies that are eagerly searching for ways to break-through current profitability levels. We cannot guarantee that the decision to deploy the profit optimization system will bring success, but we can guarantee that with the help of our study, companies trying to implement profit optimization systems can minimize various possible risks across various system implementation phases. The actual system implementation case of the profit optimization project at company S introduced here can provide valuable lessons for both business organizations and research communities.