• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silk fibroin powder (Mw 500) on oxidative stress and membrane fluidity in liver membranes of rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats (160$\pm$10g) were fed basic diet (control group), and experimental diets (SEP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups) added 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Cholesterol levels resulted in a significant decrease (12.1% and 9.0%, respectively) in the liver mitochondria and microsomes of SEP-5.0 group compared with control group. Membrane fluidity as significantly increased (16.1% and 16.5%, 5.8% and 17.4%) in the liver mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (16.1% and 18.3%, 8.1% and 15.1%, respectively) at the SFP-2.5 and SEP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Induced oxygen radicals (BOR) in liver mitochondria and microsomes were significantly inhibited (16.1% and 18.3%, 8.1% and 15.1%, respectively) at the SFP-2.5 and SEP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Induced oxygen radicals (IOR) in liver microsomes were significantly inhibited (17.0% and 26.6%, respectively) at the SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group, but IOR in liver mitochondria was significantly inhibited about 12.3% at the SWP-400 group only compared with control group. Lipid peroxide (LPO) levels were significantly decreased (8.3% and 18.0%, 13.4% and 18.4%, respectively) in the liver mitochondria and microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were dose-dependently decreased (5.4% and 11.6%, 19.0% and 24.4%, respaectively) in the iver mitochondria and microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. These results suggest that administration of SFP may play an effective role in attenuating an oxidative stress and increasing a membrane fluidity in liver membranes.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2013

해조류 에탄올 생산공정에서 남은 부산물을 사료화하기 위하여 부산물을 육계에 급여하여 사료가치를 평가하고자 시험하였다. 공시동물로 소형 육계(백세미) 초생추(1일령) 225수를 공시하였다. 시험구 편성은 육계 사료를 급여한 처리구를 Control로 하고, 전체 사료량에서 부산물 5% 혼합한 처리구를 5% SEPPB, 10% 혼합한 처리구를 10% SEPPB로 3처리로 분류하고, 처리구별 5반복 반복별 15수씩 공시하여 5주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 증체량은 2주령까지는 처리구 간에 차이가 없었으나, 3주령에서 10% SEPPB에 비해 Control과 5% SEPPB에서 각각 6.2%, 11.4% 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 5주령에서는 5% SEPPB에서 Control에 비해 32.3% 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 사료섭취량과 사료요구율은 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 가슴살의 육질특성 분석에서 pH는 Control에 비해 5% SEPPB과 10% SEPPB에서 각각 2.5%, 2.3% 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 전단력은 Control에 비해 5% SEPPB와 10% SEPPB에서 각각 31.3%, 14.7%로 유의적으로 낮았고 가열감량은 Control에 비해 5% SEPPB과 10% SEPPB에서 14.4%로 유의적으로 낮았다(P>0.05). 가슴살의 일반성분 분석에서 수분, 조단백질, 조회분의 함량은 처리구 간에 차이가 없었으나, 조지방은 Control에 비해 5% SEPPB에서 6.8% 높았으며(P<0.05), 지방산 함량은 stearic acid가 10% SEPPB에서 유의적으로 높았고(P<0.05), linolenic acid는 5% SEPPB 및 10% SEPPB에서 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 혈청 내 Interleukin-2(IL-2)의 함량은 Control에 비해 5% SEPPB에서 약 44%, 10% SEPPB에서 약 36%로 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), Interleukin-6(IL-6)의 함량은 Control와 5% SEPPB에서는 유사하였으나, 10% SEPPB에서 약 62% 정도의 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였다(P<0.05). 혈청화학치 조사에서 Albumin의 함량은 5% SEPPB에서 유의적으로 높았으며(P<0.05), 다음으로 Control, 10% SEPPB 순으로 높은 함량을 나타냈다. 이와 같은 결과에서 해조류 에탄올 공정 부산물은 사료로써 가치가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 특히 높은 면역활성을 일으키는 물질이 함유되고 있는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2012

We analyzed the concentration of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), total protein (TP), albumin, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride in sera of patients (n=455) aged 60 years and older with hyperglycemia (${\geq}120mg/dL$ in serum). The average concentration of biochemicals in patient group was compared with those in reference group. Our data showed that the average concentrations of AST and TC in sera of senior patients with hyperglycemia were significantly increased by 27.5% (P<0.05) and 82% (P<0.05) in total group, 38.5% (P<0.05) and 75.0% (P<0.05) in sixty years' group, 16.0% (P<0.05) and 89.7% (P<0.05) in seventy years' group and 27.0% (P<0.05) and 79.5% (P<0.05) in eighty years' group, respectively. Patients with hyperglycemia showed a significant decrease in albumin level by 6.7% (total group, P<0.05), 4.5% (sixty years' group, P<0.05), 8.9% (seventy years' group, P<0.05) and 4.5% (eighty years' group, P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the high concentration of glucose in the senior patients with hyperglycemia may be a cause of severe liver function and lipid metabolism disorder.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.473-482
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• 1994

This study was to compare the bioavailability of calcium from anchovy and tofu to those of calcium from calcium carbonate(CaCO3)as the control diet and non-fat dry milk(NFDM). Rats weighing 50-60g were placed on experimental diets and deionized water at free access for 4 weeks. Diets contained 0.2% calcium from calcium-carbonate, NFDM, anchovy, tofu or 0.5% calcium as obtained were as follows : 1) No significant differences in the apparent absorption of calcium(62.5%-71.0%) were observed in the rats fed four different calcium sources at the level of 0.2% while 0.5% calcium diet group apparently absorbed calcium less efficiently(52.2%). 2) Bone length of tibia and femur was not significantly different among the groups, though 0.5% calcium of control group showed slightly longer length. 3) Tibia fat-free dry weights of 0.2% calcium of NFDM and anchovy diet groups were not significantly different from that of 0.5% calcium of control group. For femurs NFDM, anchovy and tofu groups were similar in their fat-free dry weight to that of 0.5% calcium group. 4) For calcium contents tibia contents tibia from anchovy treated group showed higher value than calcium-carbonate and tofu groups and the value was not significantly different from that of 0.5% calcium group. In femur NFDM, tofu and calcium-carbonate groups were not significantly different in their calcium content but 0.5% calcium group had higher level of calcium than 0.2% calcium groups. 5) The normalized values(NV) show that there was no significant differences in NV among 0.2% CaCO3 anchovy and tofu groups, while NV of NFDM group was significantly lower than that of calcium-carbonate group. NV of 0.5% calcium group was a little more than 50% of those in 0.2% calcium groups. Though the values obtained for the calcium bioavailability were somewhat variable among experimental products, it was demonstrated that anchovy and tofu are as good as NFDM for the dietary calcium provider when calcium intake is at marginal level.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.734-740
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of green tea catechins on the antioxidative defense enzyme activity of kidney in diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighting 100$\pm$10g were randomly assigned to one normal and three STZ-induced diabetic groups; catechin free diet(DM-0C group), 0.25% catechin diet(DM-0.25C group) and 0.5% catechin diet(DM-0.5C group). Diabetes was induced by intravenous of 55mg/Kg body weight of STZ in sodium citrate buffer(pH 4.3) after 4 weeks feeding of experimental diets. Rats were sacrified at the 6th day of diabetic states. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in kidney was decreased by 25% and 20% in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups compared with normal group, DM-0.5C group was not significantly different when compared with normal group. Glutathione peroxidase(GSHpx) activity in kidney was were no significant differences the diabetic groups compared to normal group. Xanthin oxidase(XOD) activity was increased by 110% and 63% in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups compared with normal group, DM-0.5C group was not significantly different when compared with normal group. The contents of superoxide radical(O$_2$)in kindney were 116% and 33%, respectively, higher in DM-0C and DM-0.25C groups than normal group. DM-0.5C group and normal groups were similar levels in their superoxide radical contents of kidneys. Levels of TBARS(thiobarbituric acid reactive substance) in kidney were increased by 62% in DM-0C group, when compared with normal group, but those of DM-0.5C group were similar to that of normal groups. These results indicate that free radical generation system was weakened and free radical scavenger system was enhance in kidney of STZ-induced diabetics rats by dietary catechin. Thereby it may reduce renal disorders such as oxidative damage and aging of tissue.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of abdominal muscle strengthening exercises and back muscle stretching on the flexibility of spinal column. Methods: The subjects were consisted of healthy adults ( 28 of females, 32 males; mean aged 21.6) from 18 to 29. All subjects randomly assigned to the control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group. back muscle stretching group received back muscles stretching for 20 minutes, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group received abdominal muscle strengthening exercises for 30 minutes per day and 3 times a week during 3 week period. Spine motion analyzer (Spinal Mouse) was used to measure the flexibility of spinal column. All measurement of each subjects were measured at pre-experiment, after 10 days, and after 21 days. Results: The results of this study were summarized below 1. The sacral tilt angle of the hip joint of control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal strengthening exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment and after 10 days(p>0.5), but differency of each group occurred at after 21 days(p<0.5). the sacral tilt angle significantly increased at the back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group, rather than the control group. 2. The thoracic vertebral tilt angle of the control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment, after 10 days, after 21 days(p>0.5). 3. The lumbar vertebral tilt angle of the control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment, after 10 days, after 21 days(p>0.5). 4. The spinal tilt angle of control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment and after 10 days(p>0.5), but differency of each group occurred at after 21 days(p<0.5). the spinal tilt angle significantly increased at the back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group, rather than the control group(p<0.5). 5. The length of the spinal column of control group, back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment and after 10 days (p>0.5), but differency of each group occurred at after 21 days(p<0.5). the length of the spinal column significantly increased at the back muscle stretching group, abdominal muscle strengthening exercises group, rather than the control group(p<0.5). Conclusion: these data suggests that 3-week abdominal muscle strengthening exercises and back muscle stretching improved the flexibility of sacrum, spinal column, and also improved spinal column lengthening. Additional randomized controlled trials to more fully investigate treatment effects and factors that may mediate these effects are needed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.340-346
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• 2000

This study was designed to investigate the effects of silk fibroin(Mw 500) powder (SFP) on oxygen radicals and the scavenger enzymes in brain membranes of rats. Spragu-Dawley(SD) male rats(160${\pm}$10g) were fed basic diet(control group), and experimental diets(SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups) added 2.5 and 5.0g/kg BW/day for 6 weeks. Hydroxyl radical($.$OH) levels resulted in a decreases(6.6% and 9.7%, 2.8% and 11.9%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group, but were significantly decreased in these membrances of SFP-5.0 group only. Superoxide radical (O2) levels were a slightly decreased (2.0% and 9.1%, respectively) in brain cytosol of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Lipid peroxide(LPO) levels were significantly decreased (12.9% and 21.9%, 13.2% and 22.5%, respectively) in brain mitochondria and microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. Oxidized protein (OP) levels were significantly decreased (16.7% and 15.7%, respectively) in brain microsomes of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 group compared with control group, but significantly difference between in brain mitochondria of these two groups could not be obtained. Mn-SOD activities were remarkably increased (11.2% and 24.2%, respectively) in mitochodria of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups. CuZn-SOD activities were effectively increased (7.7% and 19.6%, respectively) in brain cytosol of SFP-2.5 and SFP-5.0 groups, but significant difference between control and SFP-2.5 groups could be not obtained. GSHPx activities were considerably increased (5.3% and 11.7%, respectively) in brain cytosol of SFP-2.0 and SFP-5.0 groups compared with control group. There results suggest that anti-aging effect of silk fibroin may play an effective learning and memory role in a attenuating a oxidative stress and increasing a scavenger enzyme activity in brain membranes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 1989

실험 동물의 면역기능을 인위적으로 억제시킴과 동시에 몇 가지 항생 물질을 투여하여 Pneumocystis carin힐 또는 다른 원인에 의한 폐염을 발현시킨 다음 각 원인별 치사율 및 평균 생 존 기간(mean survival day) 등을 비교함으로써 간질성 폐염의 원인충으로서 흑 carinil히 중요성 을 알아보고자 이 연구를 실시하였다. 실험 동물로 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐 90마리를 사용하였고 각각 15마리씩 1개 대조군과 다음 5개 투약군으로 분류하였다. 1군 prednisolone(25mg/kg twice weekly), 2군 prednisolone과 tetracycline (75mg/kg/day) , 3군 prednisolone, tetracycline 및 trimethoprim·sulfamethoBazole (50∼250mg/kg/day), 4군 prednisolone과 trimethoprim-sulfamethozazole, 5군 prednisolone과 griseofulvin(300 mg/kg/day). 상기 약제를 횐쥐가 죽을 때까지 투여하고 각 흰쥐의 생존 기간을 측정하였다. 죽은 흰쥐는 즉시 부검하여 폐장을 적출한 후 접촉 도말 표본과 조직 절편 표본을 만들고 toluidine blue O, Giemsa, Gomori's methenamine-silver, hematoxylin-eosin, Brown & Brenn 염색 등을 하여 관찰하였다. 각 군별 평균 생존 기간은 1군 $19.3{\pm}5.2$일, 2군 $41.1{\pm}14.0$일, 3군 $50.5{\pm}18.4$일, 4군 $43.0{\pm}22.9$일, 5군 $21.8{\pm}5.1$일이었다. 카 군별 생존 기간의 차이를 비교하면 1군과 2군, 1군과 3군 및 1 군과 4군이 각각 유의한 차이(p<0.01)를 보여 세균 감염 방지시 생존 기간이 연장되는 것으로 나타났다. 또 1군과 5군의 생존 기간은 거의 차이가 없었고, 2군과 5군, 3군과 5군 및 4군과 5군은 유의한 차이(p<0.01)를 보여 진균 감염보다는 세균이나 P. carinii 감염이 흰쥐 사인에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. P. carinii 폐염에 의한 사망은 실험 17일에 최초로 나타났으며 각 군별 비율은 3군이 92.9%로 가장 높고, 2군 및 5군이 80.0%, 4군이 78.6%, 1군이 33.3%를 보였다. P. carinii 폐염으로 죽은 53마리를 분류한 바 stage 1은 11.3%, stage 2는 28.3%, stage 3은 60.4%이었다. 죽은 흰쥐의 사인을 기간별로 분류했을 때 실험 전기(1일∼28일)는 세균 감염에 의한 사망이 많 고, 실험 중기(29∼56일)는 주로 P. carinii 폐염에 의한 사망이었으며 진균과의 혼합감염이 이 시 기에 나타났다. 실험 후기 (57∼82일)에는 세균, 진균 감염 없이 모두 P. carinii 폐염으로 사망하 였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 면역억제제 투여 1개월 이후 흰쥐의 사망 원인으로는 세균이나 진균성 폐염 보다 P. carinii 폐염이 더욱 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.903-909
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• 2017

식품을 혼합하였을 때 생리 기능 상승효과가 있을 것을 기대하여 돼지감자즙에 건조 여주즙을 5% 혼합하여(돼지감자 여주즙) 일반 영양성분을 알아보았고 streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨를 유발한 흰쥐에 이를 음용수로 4주간 공급하고 혈당지표로서 혈액 포도당 농도 변화, 최종혈당 농도, 경구 당부하 검사, 혈청 인슐린 농도를 실시하였다. 돼지감자 여주즙 100 g당 수분 82.22 g, 열량 67.00 cal, 당류 2.52 g, 탄수화물 15.45 g, 조단백 1.21 g, 조회분 1.02 g, 나트륨 0.49 mg을 함유하였고 포화지방산, 조지질, 콜레스테롤은 검출되지 않았다. 돼지감자 여주즙을 3배의 증류수로 희석하여 4주 동안 음용수로 공급한 흰쥐의 사료 이용효율은 NC군 0.138에 비하여 STZ군은 -0.024~-0.054로 유의적으로 낮았다. 사료섭취량은 적응기간에는 하루 32~34 g이었는데 STZ 투여 1주일 후 NC군의 $38.6{\pm}9.2g$에 비하여 STZ군은 $25.2{\pm}5.4g$으로 실험군별 차이가 컸다. 4주 후에는 NC군의 사료섭취량이 STZ군, HT2.5군, HT5.0군보다 유의적으로 많았다. 흰쥐의 시작 체중은 153.5~163.0 g으로 비슷하였는데 STZ 투여군은 체중이 감소하였다. NC군의 체중은 4주 후 평균 157.0 g 증가하였는데 당뇨유발군들은 4주 동안 체중이 8~44 g 정도 감소하였다. 하루 동안 물 섭취량은 적응 기간에 평균 $75.0{\pm}6.7mL$였는데, STZ 투여 4주 후에는 STZ군이 $159.2{\pm}6.1mL$로 가장 많았고 돼지감자 여주즙군은 NC군보다 많았고 STZ군보다는 적었다. 혈장 포도당의 수준은 NC군의 $113{\pm}4.5mg/dL$에 비하여 STZ 투여 1주일 후 STZ군은 $476.7{\pm}22.8mg/dL$로 약 4배 높았고 HT군은 $376.3{\pm}25.8mg/dL$, HT2.5군은 $405.2{\pm}35.1mg/dL$, HT5.0군은 $342.8{\pm}29.7mg/dL$로 STZ군보다 낮았다. 당부하검사에서 포도당투여 후 120분 동안 혈당을 낮추는 효과가 돼지감자군들에서 컸으며, 돼지감자 여주즙 음용 4주후 흰쥐의 혈청 인슐린분비가 많아졌음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 돼지감자 여주즙 음용이 당뇨 개선에 도움이 될 것으로 평가되며 돼지감자의 고부가가치를 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2013

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of green tea catechin on microsomal phospholipase $A_2(PLA_2)$ activity and the arachidonic acid (AA) cascade in hearts of microwave exposed rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing $100{\pm}10$ g were randomly assigned to one normal group and three microwave exposed groups. The microwave exposed groups were subdivided into three groups: catechin free diet (MW) group, 0.25% catechin (MW-0.25C group and 0.5% catechin (MW-0.5C) group according to the levels of dietary catechin supplementation. Rats were sacrificed $6^{th}$ day after microwave irradiations (2.45 GHz, 15 min). The heart microsome $PLA_2$ activity in the MW group was 130% greater than that of normal groups, whereas there was no significant difference between normal group and MW-0.25C, MW-0.5C group. The per- centage phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) hydrolyzed in the heart microsome in the MW was increased 54% by microwave irra- diation, whereas there was no significant difference between normal group and MW-0.5C group. The percentage phosphatidyl choline (PC) hydrolyzed in the heart microsome in the MW group was increased by 104% and by microwave irradiation, whereas there was no significant difference between normal group and MW-0.5C group. The formation of thromboxane $A_2(TXA_2)$ in the heart microsome was 70% greater in the MW group than in the normal group. However, the MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group maintained the normal level. The formation of prostacyclin ($PGI_2$) in the heart microsome was 21% lower in the MW group than in the normal group, while that of MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group were maintained in the normal group. The heart microsomal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations, as an index of lipid peroxide, were 71% greater in the MW group, as compared with normal group. However, the MW-0.25C and MW-0.5C group were 4.6% and 9.2% lower, respectively, than that of MW group. In conclusion, heart function appeared to be improved by green tea catechin supplementation due to its antithrombus action, which in return controls the AA cascade system.