• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 1982

동지나해,황해에 있어서 최근 10 개년간($1970\sim1979$) 안강망에 의한 참조기 어획통계자료로부터 어장의 평균분포와 해황과의 관계 및 계절만화를 제사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 참조기의 중요어장은 제주도 서-남서방 $40\sim150$마일 해역의 9개 해구이며, 이 어장에 있어서의 어획양 영동계수는 $0.8\sim2.1$로서 크나, 년 평균어획양의 약 $70\%$가 여기에 집중되고, 그 면적은 어획이 있었던 전어장면적의 겨우 $11\%$에 지나지 않으며, 또 CPUE의 평균(27kg/hau1)이 비교적 컸다. 참조기의 어획양과 CPUE는 비슷한 계절변화를 하며, 주어기는 춘추 양어기가 있으며, 춘계($13\sim5$월)쪽이 추절 ($9\sim10$월)쪽 보다 어획양 및 CPUE가 크다. 어업의 중심은 주년 제주도 서-북서방에 집중하고 있다. 어장의 분산은 동서방향보다 남북방향이 크며, $10^{\circ}C$등온선이 남하하면 작아지고, 북상할 때 커지는 경상을 나타내어 황해저층냉수의 지표인 $10^{\circ}C$ 등온선의 소장과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2022

국내 내진설계의 경우, 일반적으로 비배수 조건 해석을 통해 구조물과 지반의 변형을 검토하여 이를 설계 및 유지보수에 적용한다. 하지만 지진과 같은 동적하중에 의해 발생한 액상화 현상 이후 과잉간극수압의 소산과정을 거치게 되면 추가적인 지반의 침하가 발생하고 그에 따른 더 큰 피해가 발생한다. 그러므로 배수조건의 해석이 추가적으로 요구되는 실정이며, 지진이 끝난 후 소산과정을 거친 지반의 침하량을 산정하고 검토하는 등의 정확한 지반의 거동을 파악해 이를 설계 및 유지보수에 함께 적용해야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 순수 사질토 지반을 Dr=30%의 느슨한 지반과 Dr=70%의 조밀한 지반으로 구분하여 비배수조건과 배수조건을 가정해 수치해석을 실시하였다. 특히, 지진과 같은 동적하중이 작용할 때, 지반의 배수조건을 고려하여 느슨한 지반과 조밀한 지반의 침하량 및 과잉간극수압비를 비교하고, 지진이 끝난 후 지반의 소산과정에서 나타나는 침하량 및 과잉간극수압비를 비교, 분석하는 부분에 초점을 맞췄다. 그 결과 지진 시 발생한 지반의 침하량 보다 소산과정을 거친 지반의 침하량이 약 30~60배 큰 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1323-1329
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• 2011

The purpose of study was to analyze how the visual information affects balance control of individuals during single leg stance. A total of 27 young normal people (20 males and 7 females, age: $13.7{\pm}2.6$, height: $162.3{\pm}13.2$ cm, weight: $53.9{\pm}13.9$ kg) was voluntarily involved in the experiment. The subjects were requested to maintain balance for 20 seconds with eyes both open and closed on a force plate and then foot ground reaction data were collected for that duration. Results showed that mean velocity of COP in closed eyes condition was larger 1.84 times than that of the open-eyes condition and range of vertical angle was increased approximately one degree in the closed eyes condition. To accomplish a balance, the frequency power in mediolateral and anteroposterior components of the foot-ground reaction force was increased by 1.3~1.4 times. Consequently, visual absence during single leg stance can result in critical loss of balance and lead to instability of body control.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2009

This paper analyze technical review entry criteria and review process based on system property, and review checklist to conform technical review is also showed. The execution of review is determined according to the preparation of review item and identification for risk element. Risk level should be mitigated before technical review by appropriate plan. This paper described the entering condition of technical review for developmental phase, and tailoring consideration for technical review condition. Described technical review entry criteria, review process, and tailoring consideration is applied to development of test equipment for ground ant-air missile system. Applied system specific technical review process, tailored entry condition for test equipment for ground ant-air missile system and review check list is showed and the effectiveness of described system specific technical review process is presented.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2005

궤도상부(레일, 체결구, 침목)를 완전하게 잘 지지하기 위해서는 궤도하부(도상, 노반)가 충분한 강도를 가지고 균질한 강성을 가져야 한다. 궤도의 수직지지강성은 궤도하부의 상태(세립분 함량, 함수비)에 크게 영향을 받는다. 따라서 궤도의 수직지지강성을 평가하기 위하여 궤도하부의 상태를 평가하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 궤도하부의 상태를 진단할 수 있는 GPR/PBS/LFWD로 구성된 궤도기초상태평가법을 제안하였다. 제안된 궤도기초 상태평가법의 적용성을 평가하기 위하여 실내 실험 및 현장시험을 수행하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.381-387
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• 2013

In order to improve the environmental vibration, it is necessary to method for not only reduce the vibration source, but also control the vibration path. In this study, we used borebole for estimate the vibration reduction. And also, we analyzed displacement and vibration velocity caused by the position of borehole as well as the condition of borehole in ground structure. Visual FEA(Finite Element Analysis) program was used in this numerical analysis. The results are as follows : The displacement magnitude and X, Y direction displacement were represented to different results due to the condition and position of borehole, and were represented to the lowest values when the position of borehole is the most close condition from the vibration source. And also, the vibration velocity was decreased as using borebole in ground structure. The isolation efficiency of the vibration was calculated to maximum 18.40% when borehole was established to the most close position from the vibration source and the receive point.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2019

Anomalies and/or fractured grounds not detected by the surface geophysical and geological survey performed during design stage may cause significant problems during tunnel excavation. Many studies on prediction methods of the ground condition ahead of the tunnel face have been conducted and applied in tunneling construction sites, such as tunnel seismic profiling and probe drilling. However, most such applications have focused on the drill and blast tunneling method. Few studies have been conducted for mechanized tunneling because of the limitation in the available space to perform prediction tests. This study aims to predict the ground condition ahead of the tunnel face in TBM tunneling by using an electrical resistivity tomography survey. It compared the characteristics of each electrode array and performed an investigation on in-situ tunnel boring machine TBM construction site environments. Numerical simulations for each electrode array were performed, to determine the proper electrode array to predict anomalies ahead of the tunnel face. The results showed that the modified dipole-dipole array is, compared to other arrays, the best for predicting the location and condition of an anomaly. As the borehole becomes longer, the measured data increase accordingly. Therefore, longer boreholes allow a more accurate prediction of the location and status of anomalies and complex grounds.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.577-583
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• 2013

We have analyzed influence of potential rise in negative bus, which caused by decrease of power feeding line insulation, upon protecting method of DC ground protection device which detecting potential rise between negative bus and ground in order to detect ground fault in the rubber wheel system. For this purpose, we proposed negative potential equation between negative bus and ground and calculated negative potential according to system condition changes by estimating power feeding line insulation changes in steel wheel system and rubber wheel system, and equalizing DC power feeding system when ground fault occurred. Also, in order to estimate negative potential of real system, we modeled the rubber wheel system, and simulated normal status, grounding fault occurrence and power feeding line insulation changes. In normal status, negative potential did not rise significantly regardless of vehicle operation. When ground fault occurred, negative potential rose up over 300V regardless of fault resistance. However, we also observed that negative potential rose when power feeding line insulation dropped down under $1M{\Omega}$. In conclusion, our result shows that in case of rubber wheel system unlike steel wheel system, relay will be prevented maloperation and insulation status observation can be ensured when ground over voltage relay will be set 200V ~ 300V.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

일반적으로 초연약지반에서는 건설장비의 주행성 확보 등을 위하여 토목섬유와 같은 표층 보강재를 적용하게 된다. 그러나 최근 토목섬유로 표층 처리된 초연약지반의 거동에 관한 많은 고찰이 수행되어 왔지만 대부분의 연구에서 토목섬유와 지반의 경계조건을 적절히 표현하지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 토목섬유와 지반의 경계조건이 토목섬유로 표층처리된 초연약지반의 거동에 미치는 영향에 대하여 수치해석적 고찰을 수행하였다. 수치해석에서는 토목섬유와 지반의 마찰에 대한 경계조건을 다양하게 표현하기 위하여 조인트 요소를 적용하였다. 수치해석의 결과는 기존의 실내모형실험 결과와의 비교를 통하여 그 신뢰성을 검증하였으며 파라메트릭 스터디를 통하여 토목섬유와 지반의 경계조건에 따른 초연약지반의 거동을 규명하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.201-212
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• 1995

This paper presents a new method of dynamics-based synthesis of bipedal, especially human, walking. The motion of the body at a time point is determined by ground reaction force and torque under the support foot and joint torques of the body at that time point. Motion synthesis involves specifying conditions that constrain ground reaction force and torque, and joint torques so that a given desired motion may be achieved. There are conditions on a desired motion which end-users can think of easily, e.g. the goal position and orientation of the swing foot for a single step and the time period of a single step. In this paper, we specify constraints on the motion of the support foot, which end-users would find difficult to specify. They are constraints which enforce non-sliding, non-falling, and non-spinning the support foot. They are specified in terms of joint torques and ground reaction force and torque. To satisfy them, both joint torques and ground reaction force and torque should be determined appropriately. The constraints on the support foot themselves do not give any good clues as to how to determine ground reaction force and torque. For that purpose, we specify desired trajectories of the application point of vertical ground reaction force (ground pressure) and the application point of horizontal ground reaction (friction) force. The application points of vertical pressure and friction force are good control variables, because they are indicators to kinds of walking motions to synthesize. The synthesis of a bipedal walking motion, then, consists of finding a trajectory of joint torques to achieve a given desired motion, so that the constraints are satisfied under the condition of the prescribed center of pressure and center of friction. Our approach is distinguished from many other approaches, e.g. the inverted-pendulum approach, in that it captures and formulates dynamics of the support foot and reasonable constraints on it.