• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2013

Routine urinalysis is a simple, economical, and useful test that facilitates the detection of urinary system diseases and monitoring of renal disease progression. It consists of 4 parts of specimen evaluation, gross examination, a dipstick urinalysis, and a sediment microscopic urinalysis. Urine specimens should first be evaluated in terms of acceptability, and thereafter, the gross appearance is examined for color, turbidity, and odor. In particular, a dipstick urinalysis is an easy and rapid test that provides information on the multiple physicochemical properties of the urine sample. Moreover, although a sediment microscopic urinalysis is time-consuming, it provides information on the cells, microorganisms, casts, and crystals. In the present report, the clinical significance of the routine urinalysis and the problems concerning interpretation are summarized.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 1976

The gross appearance, cellular constituents, and quality of mucin clot of synovial fluid from the normal tibiotarsal joints of 57 healthy Korean cattle were investigated. The results obtained were summarized as followings. 1. The gross appearance of the synovial fluid were quite clear without any minute particles of flocculent, colourless (78.95%) or slightly yellowish (21.05%), and it did not coagulate within the 24 hours after sampling. 2. The mean number of leucocytes for the entire group was $127.68{\pm}13.84/mm^3$ (SE) with a range of 0 to $627/mm^3$ for individual samples. In the total cell count no significance among the investigated age and sex categories was found. 3. The mean differential values for the groups ware: neutrophil, $9.36{\pm}1.67%$; lymphocyte, $57.66{\pm}8.34%$; monocyte, $24.70{\pm}2.22%$; eosinophil, $1.45{\pm}0.27%$; and macrophage, $5.83{\pm}1.13%$. No basophils were observed in stained smears of synovial fluid. 4. Normal mucin clot quality was recorded for 94.7% of the animals, but 5.3% were observed to have fair mucin clot quality. Quality of mucin clot was approximately equal for bulls, cows, and calves.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 1998

Background: Most of malignant pleural effusions are serous but 8-33% of them are bloody. We wanted to evaluate the relationships between gross appearance and pleural CEA level or results of histocytology in malignancy associated pleural effusions. We also tried to reevaluate the meaning of CEA measurement in histocytologically proved or unproved malignancy associated pleural effusions. Methods: We studied 98 cases of malignancy associated pleural effusions, 50 cases of histocytologically proven malignant effusions and 48 cases of histocytologically unproven paramalignant effusions. We had observed gross appearance and conventional laboratory values and CEA levels for pleural effusions. Results: 44.9% of malignancy associated effusions were bloody(63.6% of bloody effusions were histocytologically proven malignant effusion). 65.0% of malignancy associated pleural effusions which have RBCs numbers over $100,000/mm^3$ were cytologically proven malignant effusions. 72.7% of cytologically proven malignant effusions had increased pleural fluid CEA level over 10 ng/ml. 58.2% of cases with pleural CEA over 10 ng/ml had positive results in pleural bistocytology. There was no definable relationships between pleural fluid CEA elevation and RBCs numbers and results of pleural fluid cytology. Conclusion: About half of the cases with malignancy associated pleural effusions were bloody. Histocytologically proven malignant effusions were more common in bloody effusion than non-bloody effusion(63.6% Vs 38.9%). But increased red blood cell numbers was not associated with positivity of pleural histocytology. Pleural fluid CEA elevation(over 10 ng/ml) was not correlated with positive pleural histocytology. But pleural fluid CEA elevation was rare in nonmalignant pleural effusions, and than pleural CEA measurement in uncertain pleural effusions maybe helpful to distinguishes its origin.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.2 s.61
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• pp.217-224
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• 2007

The ratio of the aged population over 65 in Korea comprises 5.7% of the total population in 1995, and 7.1% in 2001, and it is expected that it will be 14% in year 2023. Also, owing to the appearance of various layers of the aged, it is necessary to prepare various programs and facilities for the aged who are healthy and economically capable in order for them to spend their life in an abundant and rewarded way. Andthere is a rising necessity not only to recognize the value of existence for the existing elderly welfare facilities but to prepare new elderly welfare facilities considering comprehensive elderly welfare as well. Especially, even though elderly welfare centers continue to provide for the aged both in a low-income class and a common class various service programs and activity programs, there still is a poor structure in terms of spatial dimension in detail to comply the service. Accordingly, we believe that it is necessary to have a comparative study on elderly welfare centers in Japan as elderly welfare facility that advances about 30 years ahead. For this purpose, this study compared the spatial structures of application programs according to facility regulations and their gross spatial classification focusing on elderly welfare centers in Japan and those of Korea. Based on this, this study intends to present basic materials for interior space planning when establishing elderly welfare centers founded on space dimension and structure along with the gross space in elderly welfare centers in Korea in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.321-326
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to obtain data on safety-in-use of yeast hydrolysate with a molecular weight of 10~30 kDa as a dietary supplement by assessing its subacute oral toxicity in ovariectomized rats. Yeast hydrolysate did not produce mortality or significant changes in general behavior or gross appearance of internal organs of rats. There were no significant differences in organ weights between control and yeast hydrolysate groups. Hematological analysis and blood chemistry revealed no toxic effects of yeast hydrolysate. Neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were observed. These results show that yeast hydrolysate possesses very low toxicity as indicated in a postmenopausal animal model.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.403-410
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• 2018

Background Radiation-induced skin injury is a dose-limiting complication of radiotherapy. To investigate this problem and to develop a framework for making decisions on treatment and dose prescription, a murine model of radiation-induced skin injury was developed. Methods The dorsal skin of the mice was isolated, and irradiation was applied at single doses of 15, 30, and 50 Gy. The mice were followed for 12 weeks with serial photography and laser Doppler analysis. Sequential skin biopsy samples were obtained and subjected to a histological analysis, immunostaining against transforming growth factor beta (TGF-${\beta}$), and Western blotting with Wnt-3 and ${\beta}$-catenin. Increases in the levels of TGF-${\beta}$, Wnt, and ${\beta}$-catenin were detected after irradiation. Results All tested radiation doses caused progressive dermal thickening and fibrosis. The cause of this process, however, may not be radiation alone, as the natural course of wound healing may elicit a similar response. The latent appearance of molecular and histological markers that induce fibrosis in the 15 Gy group without causing apparent gross skin injuries indicates that 15 Gy is an appropriate dose for characterizing the effects of chronic irradiation alone. Thus, this model best mimics the patterns of injury that occur in human subjects. Conclusions This animal model can be used to elucidate the gross and molecular changes that occur in radiation-induced skin injury and provides an effective platform for studying this adverse effect without complicating the process of wound healing.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.595-598
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• 2016

The use of human vessels at the beginning of microsurgery training is highly recommended. But vessels with the appropriate length for training are not often obtained. Whether these vessels may be reused for training has not been reported. Accordingly, we harvested vessels from discarded tissues in lymph node dissection and demonstrated that vascular anastomosis training using the same human vessels several times is possible by placing the vessels in a freezer and defrosting them with hot water. Vascular walls can be stored for microsurgical training until about 4 years after harvest, as shown in the gross appearance and histologic findings of our preserved vessels. We recommend the technique presented here for the long-term reuse of human vessels for microsurgery training that closely resembles real procedures.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.199-208
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• 2000

Objectives : In order to investigate the toxicity of rats after oral administration of Eumcheonyijin-tang extract. Methods : The experimental animals were subdivided into control, short term administration group, and long term administration group. With changes of gross appearance, the histological changes of liver and kidney were observed. Blood chemical indexes used in this study were AST, ALT, total bilirubin, albumin, BUN and creatinine in serum. Results : In the long term administration group, histological changes were detected in the liver as centrolobular disposition of fatty tissue(adipose cell), and in serum test, AST, ALT increased at 21 days after administration group, serum total bilirubin were increased 21, 28 and 35 days after administration group. So it seems to induce toxicity. Kidneys of the long term administration group revealed histological changes : increasing of connective tissue and pyknosis of glomerulus cell were observed at 28 days after administration group, and in serum test, significant changes of albumin, BUN, and creatinine were admitted. So it seems to induce toxicity. Conclusions : In long term administration of Eumcheonyijin-tang toxicity was induced.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2003

This benign canine histiocytoma was the most common single tumor type, followed lipoma, adenoma, soft tissue sarcoma, mast cell tumor and lymphosarcoma [2]. Canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) most commonly occur as solitary lesions, head and pinnae are prefermential sites, that undergo spontaneous regression. The histologic appearance varies greatly, depending on the age of the lesion and the degree of necrosis and secondary inflammation. The age-specific incidence rate for CCH drops precipitously after 3 years, although histiocytomas occur in dogs of all ages [5]. Their etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. This case reports the gross and histopathological findings of canine cutaneous histiocytoma of observed in a young dog with localized calcification of lingual muscle. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.93-94
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• 1999

Spontaneous hydronephrosis was found in a 19 month-old female C57BL/KsJ-Lep $r^{db}$ / Lep $r^{db}$ mouse. We described the gross and histological appearance of spontaneous in db mouse The left kidney was dilated and filled with urine. Microscopically the renal pelvis was remarkedly dilated and the renal cortex and renal papilla were flattened.