• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 2024

This study provides basic data on the growth and production of seedlings produced in plant factories with artificial lighting by comparing seedling quality, growth and fruit characteristics, and production after transplanting cucumber seedlings according to environmental differences between plant factories with artificial lighting and conventional nurseries in greenhouse. The control group consisted of greenhouse seedlings (GH) grown in the conventional nursery before transplanting. Plant factory to greenhouse seedlings (PG) were grown for 9 days in a plant factory with artificial lighting and for 13 days in an conventional nursery. Plant factory seedlings (PF) were grown in a plant factory with artificial lighting for 22 days until planting. In terms of seedling quality, PFs had the highest relative growth rate and compactness and the best root zone development. After transplanting PFs tended to grow faster, the first harvest date was 2 days earlier than that of GHs, and the growing season ended 1 day earlier. The female flower flowering rate of the PFs was high, and the fruit set rate was of PF the lowest. The production per unit area was highest for PFs at 10.23kg Performance index on the absorption basis, the most sensitive chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, was highest at 4.14 for PFs at 4 weeks after transplantation. By comparing the maximum quantum yield of primary PS II photochemistry and dissipated energy flux per PS II reaction center electron at 4 weeks after transplantation, PFs tended to be the least stressed. PFs had the best seedling quality, growth, and production after planting, and fruit quality was consistent with that of greenhouse seedlings. Therefore, plant factory seedlings can be used in the field.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.429-436
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• 2005

As Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causing cucumber sclerotinia rot was the fastest in the mycelial growth at $25^{\circ}C$, its pathogenicity was strong at the same temperature among several temperatures. All the isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed a strong pathogenicity against cucumber fruits, which was confirmed by a disk assay and a wound assay. A wound assay was superior to a disk assay to develop the assay system for assessing the fungicidal activity of several fungicides against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In a disk assay, it was very difficult to assess the fungicidal activity, because the pathogenicity of isolates used in the experiment was very strong. At 500 and $3.0{\mu}g/mL$, the activity of dichloflouanid and the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb against cucumber sclerotinia rot was 14.3 and 42.3%, respectively, by using a disk assay. However, at same concentration two fungicides showed the high controlling activity as 100 and 92.5%, through a wound assay in a laboratory. Also, the activity of two fungicides was good against cucumber sclerotinia rot in the greenhouse where cucumber plants were cultivated in the field, showing the control value as 91.1 and 82.9% at 100 and $825{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. All the isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from cucumber fruits sampled in the polyvinyl house were subjected to monitoring for the resistance to 7 fungicides. The $EC_{50}$ value of 7 fungicides was as follows: fenhexamid; $0.13{\mu}g/mL$, procymidon and iprodione; 0.18 and $0.24{\mu}g/mL$, carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb; 0.13과 $0.05{\mu}g/mL$, iminoctadine and dichlofluanid; 1.94 and $8.95{\mu}g/mL$. Ultimately it was not found that resistant isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were appeared in the field.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 2015

This study was conducted to evaluate control efficacy of a fermented food 'Cheonggukjang' against cucumber powdery mildew caused by Sphaerotheca fuliginea in greenhouse. Sterilized Daepung beans were inoculated with the rice straw as natural inoculum and then incubated for 72 hrs at $42^{\circ}C$ in the household cheonggkjang maker. After 72 hrs of cheonggukjang fermentation, white zymogens were grown on the surface of a sterile Daepung beans. The pH of the 72 hrs fermented soybean was not significantly changed and electrical conductivity was found to increase by about 2 times than before fermentation. The population density of soybean zymogen showed a peak of growth at 60 hrs after fermentation and the concentration of zymogen was $8.2{\times}10^7cfu/ml$. Soybean zymogen form of the colony was divided into three kinds of bacteria and a white and a large colony (WL) was predominant bacteria among those up to 60 hrs of fermentation. To control the cucumber powdery mildew, diluted solutions of cheonggukjang was applied from 6.0% to 30.0% on cucumber leaves and they showed injury symptoms on cucumber leaves in more than 15% of them. However, more than 6.0% diluted cheonggukjang solutions showed more than 77.8% control effect of cucumber powdery mildew at 15 days after treatment. The fermented bacteria of Chenggukjang were well established in the cucumber leaf area at 15 days after treatment. The antifungal activity of 10% diluted cheonggukjang solutions was excellent for four species of plant fungal pathogens, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Sclerotinia cepivorum, Rhizoctonia sloani and Phytophthora capsici in the dual culture test. Results indicated that foliar application of Cheonggukjang solution could be used for the control of powdery mildews occurring on organically cultivated cucumber.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.435-440
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• 2014

The number of Bemisia tabaci adults attracted to horseweed, thistle, red bean, cucumber, and tomato plants, as measured by the number stuck to yellow sticky traps, was investigated in a polyvinyl greenhouse for growing tomatoes using organic methods. The number was highest on cucumber plants in the early days of B. tabaci infestation, but was highest on horseweed overall. Of the eight species of beans tested, B. tabaci adults were most attracted to Ultari-Gangnang; however, beans were not effective trap plants for B. tabaci. Measurement of olfactory behavioral response using a four-choice olfactometer showed that B. tabaci adults preferred horseweed to cucumber, eggplant, or tomato. The developmental period of B. tabaci eggs and larvae was shorter at high temperature. At $30^{\circ}C$, the developmental period of eggs and larvae on horseweed were reduced approximately 0.5 and 1 day, respectively, compared to those on cucumber or tomato.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.24 no.2 s.77
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• pp.93-103
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• 1996

In order to find out effect on the inorganic and organic compounds as a soil amendment to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, this study was conducted during the last two years from 1993 to 1995. According to add 14 inorganic chemicals (1%, w/v) including $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ individually in vitro, these chemicals were confirmed their suppression, and especially Alum, CaO and $Al_2(SO_4)_3$ suppressed not only $20.9{\sim}25.0$ percent on mycelial growth of the fungus, but also inhibited $72.8{\sim}97%$ on conidial germination. $Ca(NO_3)_2$ suppressed mycelial growth only, while KCl, $K_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$, and Urea suppressed conidial germination. The 7 chemicals were finally seleced. Composted pine bark (CPB) suppressed definely more than 90% on conidial germination in the different extract concentration (2,5 and 10%), although mycelial growth on extract medium of CPB and milled alfalfa leaves (MAL) were not remarkable. The antagonist Trichoderma sp. (Tr-3) mixed with an amended soil (1%, w/w) containing composted pine bark showed a good mycelial growth to compete the causal fungus. And the antagonist Pseudomonas sp. (7-1-3) was also confirmed its antagonistic ability with culture filterate. It is known that a CPB soil amendment mixed with the two antagonists (1%, w/w) controlled almost completely Fusarium wilt of cucumber in greenhouse pots and a field experiment. It is therefore expected that biocontrol on Fusarium wilt of cucumber by a soil amendment can be applied to farmmer's fields.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.304-310
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• 1997

In greenhouse, a mixed solution of Mn-54, Co-60, Sr-85 and Cs-137 was applied to the soil of culture boxes 2 days before sowing cucumber and at 4 different times during its growth for measuring their transfer factors (TFs) for fruit and migration in soil. TFs varied with radionuclide, application time and harvest time by factor of up to about 60. Variations in TFs with application time showed different patterns among radionuclides. TFs decreased on the whole in the order of Sr-85 > Mn-54 > Co-60 > Cs-137. TFs of Mn-54, Co-60 and Cs-137 mixed with topsoil before sowing were a little higher than those for the soil-surface application made at an early growth stage while no difference in Sr-85 TF was found. After harvest, soil concentrations of the radionuclides applied at an early growth stage were examined. They decreased with increasing soil depth and 80${\sim}$99% of the radioactivity remained in the top 3cm. Soil pemeation of the radionuclides migration decreased in the order of Sr-85 > Mn-54 > Co-60 > Cs-137. The present data can be utilized in estimating radionuclide concentration in cucumber fruit, taking proper measures for its harvest and consumption and designing the best way of soil decontamination following an radioactive deposition during the cucummber growing season.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine cucumber (Cucumis sativus) varieties adaptive to the desert climate by comparing and analyzing the growth, yield, and water consumption. Two long-sized cucumber varieties, 'Gulfstream' and 'Imea' and two medium-sized cucumbers, 'Nagene' and 'Sausan' were cultivated in coir substrate hydroponics under hot and humid greenhouse conditions from March 2 to June 20, 2020. On the 113 DAT, 'Nagene' had the longest plant height and the highest internode number. The marketable fruit number per plant was higher in the medium-sized varieties, which had more internode number. The marketable fruit number was 31.3 for 'Gulfstream', 30.7 for 'Imea', 57.8 for 'Nagene', or 56.0 for 'Sausan' with no significant difference in total fruit weights per plant. The water consumption required to produce 200 g of fruit was lower in the 'Nagene' (2.39 L) with the highest water use efficiency (WUE). Therefore, 'Nagene' variety may have higher adaptability to desert high temperature compared to the long-sized varieties, and it is going to be necessary to verify more medium-sized cucumber varieties.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 2023

To investigate the incidence status of viruses in major cultivated areas of watermelon and melon in Chungbuk Province, samples were collected from 2020 to 2021 in vinyl greenhouse of Jincheon and Eumseong and examined for virus infection using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Of the six viruses on watermelon that was analyzed in this study, watermelons were infected with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), and cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV). The incidence rate of CMV was 20.9-35.0%, WMV 0.4-15.8%, CGMMV 1.6-38.5%, and CABYV was 3.5-3.7% from 2020 to 2021. But strangely, there were no incidence of zucchini yellow mosaic virus and cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) during investigation. From this result, we knew the major virus was CGMMV on watermelon in Chungbuk Province. Molecular diagnosis assays of the two melon viruses, showed that melons were infected with CABYV and CCYV from 2020 to 2021. The incidence rate of CABYV was 53.9-92.2% and CCYV was 2.7-20.8%. The incidence of CABYV was high in melon cultivation of Jincheon and Eumseong, Chungbuk. Afterwards, it is necessary to establish a control management strategy for reduce the incidence of CABYV. Furthermore, we must pay attention that of CCYV even if the incidence was low.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2024

Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips palmi are economically important pests of cucumber. The chemicals used to control them can be effective; however, they should not be used frequently on cucumbers that are consumed raw. Banker plants were selected to increase the control efficiency of Orius laevigatus, a natural enemy that can replace the chemicals. The hatching rate, emergence rate, nymph developmental period, survival rate, and reproductive capacity (fecundity and oviposition period) of O. laevigatus for four plants (moss rose, basil, broad bean, and cucumber) were investigated. The density of O. laevigatus on two selected banker plants was investigated in a cucumber greenhouse. The hatching rate of O. laevigatus eggs was highest at 92% in moss rose; however, there was no significant difference in survival rates between moss rose and basil. The fecundity and oviposition period of O. laevigatus were better in moss rose than in basil, with no significant difference between them. The flowering period of basil was longer than that of moss rose, from April to September. Therefore, basil has potential value as a banker plant for O. laevigatus and is expected to increase the biological control effect of O. laevigatus.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.79-82
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• 1999

실험기간 중 실내 평균기온과 상대습도는 외부보다 각각 $1.5^{\circ}C$ 및 3.9%정도 다소 높게 나타났다. 그리고 일사량 투과율은 약 47%정도로서 6.51MJ정도였다. 포장재배의 경우가 포트재배의 경우보다 주당 옆면적, 간장 및 수확량이 많았다. 그리고 포장의 총수확량은 3,901g/p1ant로서 포트재배 평균 2,853g/plant 보다 많게 나타났다. 총소비수량은 각각 약 1,394mm, 819mm정도로서 포트재배의 경우가 약 2배정도 많게 나타났다. 실내 평균기온, 최저상대습도 및 일사량과 소비수량과의 상관관계를 살펴보면, 평균기온과 일사량과는 깊은 상관이 있었으나, 그 이외에는 상관이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다. 작물환경요소인 간장과 소비수량과는 밀접한 상관관계가 있었고, 엽면적 및 수확량과 소비수량과의 상관관계는 조금 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 요수량은 포장재배의 경우가 8.6mm/g이었고, 포트재배의 경우는 10.5mm/g정도이었다.