• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2005

To develop transgenic orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) resistant to high temperature, a thermptolerance gene, DgP23, was introduced into orchardgrass using Agrobacterium - mediated transformation method. PCR and Southern blot analyses using genomic DNA showed specific DNA band on agarose gel and hybridization signal on X- ray film in transgenic orchardgrass harboring the recombinant DgP23 gene, but not in the wild type and empty vector control plants. RT-PCR and Southern blot analyses using total RNA also showed specific DNA band and hybridization signal. Transgenic orchardgrass did not showed ny morphological aberration both in the green house and field cultivation. Thermotolerance of transgenic plants was not detected in laboratory test. but may detected in field test.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.274-281
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• 2006

In Korea, rice cultivars have been changing to 'quality' rice rather than high yielding cultivars. However, more than 10% of paddy field has been changed to greenhouse in winter season for cropping of water-melon, oriental-melon, straw berry and et cetra. This experiment has been made to identify the usefulness of critical N and Si fertilization(SF) level to obtain high grain quality rice with reduced insect pest damage by N and SF combination. Before the experiment, watermelon-rice cropping system was maintained for three seasons by farmer from 1998 to 2001. The experiment of N and Si (silicate) fertilization levels was evaluated with Hwayoung-byeo (Oryza sativa L., medium-maturing variety) in 2002 and 2003 in Uiryeong, Korea. Nitrogen fertilization (NF) levels were three and five in 2002 and 2003, respectively, and three SF levels were compared for getting the valuable N/SF level in both years. TOYO-value was positively affected by Si application in N100% plot but it was negatively related with NF level. Normal grain percentage was positively related with TOYO-value and it was highest in 0N plot and Si plots in N100%. Other appearance qualities like powdered, damaged, and cracked grain, were decreased with increasing N fertilization level. SF improved appearance quality in N100% plots but no effects in other treatments. Leaf sheath related diseases were significantly decreased by SF but it was negatively related with NF. In conclusion, SF could be improve grain quality at the same yield levels of conventional fertilization and it also could be reduce the diseases damages of rice plant in all N treatments. NF treatment reduced grain quality and improved grain yield at N50% level, however NF above N50% could not get any kind of benefits. So, compared with conventional fertilizer, reduced NF level is recommended for high grain quality with reduced insect pest damage.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.389-400
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• 2017

In December 2015, 195 nations agreed to cut green house gas emissions in the Paris Climate Convention, and all over the world showed their willingness to participate in greenhouse gas mitigation. Accordingly, various technologies related to greenhouse gas reduction are being considered, among which carbon dioxide capture, storage, utilization (CCUS) technologies are attracting attention as an unique technology capable of directly removing greenhouse gases. However, CCUS technologies are still costly and have low efficiency. It is still more important to analyze the level of CCUS technology before commercialization and to understand trends and to predict future direction of technology. Therefore, this study analyzes the patent trends of CCUS technology and derives implications for future directions. As a result of country analysis, the United States had the highest number of applications, and sectoral analysis shows that 64% of total patents are from capture sector. Companies such as Alstom technology, Toshiba Corp, and Mitsubishi Heavy are focusing on capturing carbon dioxide. In Korea, government research institutes have focused on storage and utilization technologies. In addition, since the late 2000s, patent applications have increased rapidly, and many countries have been interested in the development of the technology and have made efforts to reduce greenhouse gas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-78
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• 2005

It was aimed to promote Cyrtomium falcatum as a material for interior landscape by validating it indoor adaptability in the indoor environment, especially irrigation times, soil treatment and drainage level. Irrigation times were 2 times per week and 7 times per week. Soil treatment and drainage level were carried out drainage-peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1(D-PVP), peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1(PVP), drainage-saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1(D-SL) and saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1(SL). 1. Top of growth was better with irrigation 7 times per week than irrigation 2 times per week but indoor adaptability was decreased and shown yellowish green. 2. In case of soil treatment, growth was better with saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1 but indoor growth adaptability was decreased than peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1. 3. Plant height and blade length were increased under non-drainage treatment but indoor adaptability, number of new fronds and number of sporophyll were decreased under drainage treatment, regardless of irrigation times and soil treatment. 4. Photosynthetic rate(Pn) was the highest in the drainage-peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite=1 : 1 : 1 treatment of irrigation 2 times per week and was the lowest in the saprolite : leaf mold=1 : 1 treatment of irrigation 7 times per week.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 1993

Ladino clover stolen growing in grazed sward transplanted in 1/5,000a Wagner pot with two rows and were grown in green house with 12h lighting. Fifty days after transplanting the first cutting was made, the secound and 3rd cutting was made 20 days after each harvest. Treatment were nitrogen fertilization level of 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 kg N/10a. Nitrogen was top dressed after transplanting and each cutting. Growing point, above and under ground DM yield, nitrogen fixation, crude protein of stolon, root and change of acetylene reduction activity after cutting were investigated. Result are as follows. 1. Growing point, DM production were heighst in 5 kg N at the first and 2nd harvest while 2.5 kg at 3rd cutting. Plants with 7.5 kg N/10a were dead at 3rd harvest. There were significant differences in growing point between treatment. 2 Nitrogen fixation of ladino clover were the heightest in 2.5 kg N pot at 1st cutting and as cutting and N fertilization were contiuned nitrogen fixation activity was lowered. 3. Leaf have more crude protein than that of stolen and root while plant crude protein increased by 2nd cutting as plant got more nitrogen fertilizer and again decreased in 3rd cutting. 4. Acetylene reduction activity were lowest at 3 week and recovered normal level at 5 week after cutting, also DM root was same trend.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1982

Studies on the effect of soil moisture, different seasons, harvesting periods and nitrogen application on the nitrate content of radish(Raphanus sativus L. var. niger(Mill.) S. Kerner) were carried out in pot and green house. The results are as follows; The low level of soil moisture leads to an increased nitrate accumulation in radish root. The nitrate content was found to be higher in spring crops and lower in summer ones. It was decreased during harvesting period. The application of nitrogen fertilizer increased the nitrate content in radish root. We found the highest content in petioles with lesser content in roots and leaf blades in that order. The multiple regression analysis and the nutritional value of nitrate content in radish were discussed.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.597-632
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• 2010

There is general agreement that global warming is occurring and that the main contributor to this probably is the buildup of green house gasses, GHG, in the atmosphere. Two main contributors are the utilization of fossil fuels and the deforestation of many regions of the world. The burning of fossil fuels increases atmospheric carbon while the burning of fuel-wood reducing fossil fuel consumption along with its forest source maintain an atmospheric carbon level. The standing timber in the forests is a carbon sink, as are wood buildings and structures, and fossil fuel in the ground. This paper is designed to examine a number of current issues related to mitigating the global warming problem through forestry. For this purpose, we develop a modeling approach by integrating timber market, fossil fuel market and carbon cycling model. We use discrete time optimal control theory to identify optimal time paths, the laws of motion, and stationary stats solutions of endogenous variables in the model. On the basis of these results, we identify the optimal amounts of subsidies to be provided or taxes to be imposed by the regulatory agency to mitigate atmospheric carbon accumulation. We also present a numerical example to help illustrate the characteristics of variables in the model when the social cost for atmospheric carbon incrementally shifts upward. A surprising result is that the social cost function for atmospheric carbon has a very smaller impact on the optimal rotation period than previous literature suggested.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.63-68
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• 2018

Purpose - Lettuce (Lactuca sativ L.) is one of the economically important vegetable crops, which worldwide market value is over 100 billion U.S. dollar. In Korea, about 89.7 kilo ton of lettuce was produced in 3400ha in 2016, recoded as No. 1 vegetable crop in domestic green house production. However, recently, domestic lettuce production and cultivation areas are all getting decreased. Thus, novel approaches are needed to be implemented to revive the production. Research design, data and methodology - In this review paper, we first prioritized the end-user traits which are imperative to positively stimulate the domestic lettuce market and discussed relevant genomics strategies. Especially, we assessed a possibility whether school meal program would be a potential niche market. Results - The genomics technologies, which become widely applied in the crop biotechnology since 2008 when next generation sequencing method was developed, may be a good solution in the crop improvement, efficiently gathering valuable information of agriculturally useful traits. Significantly, in lettuce, the high quality whole genome sequence, based on Lactuca sativa cv. Salinas, is publically available and this genomics platform, thus, would be implemented in lettuce breeding program to innovate relevant end-user traits both for the farmers and customers, including the disease resistance to the Fusarium wilt, productivity under hot weather conditions, various nutritional qualities and so forth. These improvements will boost domestic lettuce industries in the near future. Conclusions - Due to the nutritional distinctions comparing to the western style lettuces, domestic leaf lettuces could be one of the important vegetables in the school meal programs. To make it happen, we would better devise diverse recipes to make a salad with it, instead of only using as a wrap vegetable. Meanwhile, novel lettuce varieties need to be developed, which are favorable to the students and also easy to be handled with while processing. Overall, to achieve international competence in the lettuce industries, we need to create elite lettuce varieties that satisfies domestic farmers as well as customers, suitable to various niche markets, such as school meal program. Thus, efficient breeding programs using genomics approaches should be established in advance and careful monitoring on the preference of the related customers for a niche market be continued persistently.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2015

Since 2006, new national forest inventory in Korea has been restructured to assess current status and and monitor the changes in forest resources based on permanent sample plots. The objective of estimate this study is to assess changes in forest resources such as land use/cover categories and forest stand variables. For this study, permanent plot data were collected between 2006-2008 and 2011-2013 in Chungcheongbuk-do, respectively. In order to produce land use/cover change matrix which plays an important role as an activity data for estimating GreenHouse Gas inventory, permanent plots were classified into six land use/cover categories. Additionally, matrixes for assessing the changes in age class and dominant tree species can provide more detailed information. For forest stand variables(tree density, basal area, growing stock, mean diameter at breath height, and mean height), their growth and change were assessed. The periodic annual growth ratios for tree density and basal area were slightly declined whereas that of growing stock was estimated to be about 3.7%. The uncertainty of changes in forest stand variables is less than 5%, except for tree density (RSE: 58%). The variation of tree density is relatively high compared to the other variables.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.88-95
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• 2017

The usage of toxic gas in Korea is increasing in the development of high-tech industries such as semiconductors, displays and solar panels. The recent survey of domestic toxic gas consumption indicates an increase in annual average of 12.4 percent, but it is still focused on usage, and it is negligent in safety and treating the post. In September 2012, an accident occurred in Gu-mi involving hydrofluoric acid leak demonstrates the absence of safety management. Due to the incident, the government, industry and academia have been interested in chemical substances(toxic gas), and the government-led safety management has been established and implemented, but there are still a lot of safety blind spots. The purpose of this study is to develop effective measurement methods for the destruction or removal efficiency of gaseous materials emitted from the Scrubber used in the semiconductor and display industries. Also, this study demonstrated how toxic gas facilities can be applied without error by verification test for the measurement method guideline of the destruction or removal efficiency of the green-house gas reduction facility in the semiconductor and display industries used by the National Institute of Environmental Research and the UNFCCC, and suggested the differentiated measurement methods for toxic gas reduction facilities, and the third party certification for safety facilities is needed to prevent toxic gas accidents.