• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.657-675
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• 2018

This study examines various policy programs for the creation of green harbors in major ports in the Northwest of the United States and suggests ways to apply them to major ports in Korea. Based on the fuzzy analysis process, the importance of major policy programs for the development of green ports in Korea was compared and analyzed. As a result of importance analysis, the Green Ship Incentive Program and the Carbon Footprint Program were identified as the most important policies. The first policy programs that should be introduced to Incheon Port are the AMP installation operation program and a vessel slowing program around the seaport. In case of Busan Port, the AMP installation operation program, the vessel slowing program around the seaport, carbon footprint, and installation of DPF were found to be excellent policies. These results may provide practical implications for policy makers of port authorities which has conducted environmental projects.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.653-657
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• 2009

The aim of this study draws out the Green Index of a Seaport (GIS) that is comprehensive and coordinated approach to diminish the negative impacts of port operations using a Factor Analysis (FA) which can evaluate the level of cleanness of seaport. For this purpose, the questionnaires were sent to the experts and port stake holders, and received 75 out of 100. In this survey, Cronbach's alpha has the numerical value 0.76. Thus it means that this survey has internal consistency reliability. Overall, 15 components were selected from the literature review and five factors were extracted by factor analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6008-6014
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• 2013

This study aimed to understand seasonal variation of physico-chemical factors and biomass of size-fractionated phytoplankton at Ulsan seaport during the period from February 2007 to November 2009. Water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid (TSS) varied in the range of 8.94-$24.26^{\circ}C$, 25.06-34.54 psu, 4.30-10.73 mg/L, 7.97-8.53, 0.66-40.70 mg/L and 57.4-103.3 mg/L, respectively. These factors showed no clear spatial variation unlike spatial pattern of inorganic nutrients and total chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration as biomass. Concentration of phosphate, nitrate and silicate ranged from 0.01 to 3.03 ${\mu}M$, 0.05 to 21.62 ${\mu}M$, and 0.01 to 27.82 ${\mu}M$, respectively, with 2 times higher concentration at inner stations than that at outer stations during the study period. Within the range of total chl-a concentration (0.36-7.11 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$), higher concentration (avg. 1.88 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$) of total chl-a were observed at inner stations compared to that (avg. 0.90 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$) at outer stations. Micro-sized phytoplankton dominated total biomass of phytoplankton in spring (34.0-81.2%), summer (35.1-65.6%) and winter (3.9-62.0%). Nano- and pico-sized phytoplankton contributed 58.2-74.5% and 22.4-38.2% to total biomass of phytoplankton in autumn, respectively. However, contribution in biomass of size-fractionated phytoplankton to total phytoplankton biomass showed no clear difference between inner and outer stations. Consequently, these results indicated that spatio-temporal distribution of phytoplankton biomass at Ulsan seaport was dominated by micro-phytoplankton (avg. 52.3%) during the study period except autumn, which was closely dependent on the concentration of inorganic nutrients (p<0.05).