• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.475-482
• /
• 2019

The increase in human use and activity in the oceans is leading to marine pollution and habitat destruction. As a result, in particular, marine animals with a long life cycle and small population are threatened with extinction. Thus, the Korean government designated 11 artificial habitats, such as aquariums and marine museums, as Ex-situ conservation institutions to preserve endangered marine life in 2010. However, studies on the significance and economic value of Ex-situ conservation institutions providing marine life conservation services have not been conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to estimate the public's quantitative support for the operation policy of Ex-situ conservation institutions, which is a management method for the protection and propagation of marine animals in Korea. To achieve this, the economic value of the marine animal conservation role of the National Maritime Museum was estimated, operated as an Ex-situ conservation institution for the preservation of green turtles in Korea. By using the representative non-market valuation method for public goods known as the contingent valuation method (CVM), the economic value of the Ex-situ conservation institution (National Maritime Museum) was estimated at approximately 41.8 billion won to a maximum of 78.1 billion won. The results of this study can be applied as basic data for marine animal management policymakers in establishing efficient management plans for endangered marine animals in Korea's coastal waters.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.111-128
• /
• 2011

This study was aimed at developing a common curriculum for the department of environmental education from 5 colleges of education. The need and background of curriculum reform can be summarized as follow; first, it has been recognized that new national curriculum of 2009 and 2011 created need for training teachers equipped with more integrated competency. Second, global environmental problems such as climate change and energy crisis asked for more responsible choice and action from all citizens. Third, the extremely low hiring rate resulted in the consideration of new working fields for teacher students majoring in environmental education. Fourth, the expansion of new environmental education paradigms including education for sustainable development called for practicing reconstruction of both contends and methods. From a series of research processes including analysis of current curriculum, DACUM, opinion survey and interest groups review, several new approaches for developing new curriculum had been identified as follow; first, content areas of environmental education should be extended beyond environmental natural science. Second, new learning approaches such as project-based learning need to be emphasized for strengthening the identity of environment as a separate subject. Third, more selective majoring system need to be applied in connection with environment government officials, researchers, and social environmental educators. It was recommended that the application of new curriculum developed by the study would be evaluated and managed by teaching conditions surrounding each of the five university members joined this developing processes. However, it needs to be noted that there is not much time because we had experienced zero hiring rate for the last 4 years and environmental policy and education programs are moving rapidly toward sustainable development.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.3-23
• /
• 2013

In 1997, 180 countries signed the Kyoto Protocol in Kyoto, Japan. The Kyoto Protocol came into force in February 2005. The agreement calls for industrialized nations to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 5 percent from 1990 levels by 2008 to 2012. One of those polices is a modal shift that change from road freight to sea, inland waterway and railroad transportation that is eco-friendly. The increase of road freight brings road congestion, accidents, logistic costs, air pollution and greenhouse gases. Railroads are superior than the other modes of transportation in mass transportability, high speed, timeliness, safety and environmental-friendliness, but the railway industry has been pushed behind in competition. Korean railroads were used by passengers and freight transport popularly until the middle of 20th century, however, by the sudden change of logistics environments, a shaving time efficiency being most important, railroad logistic lost its competitive power against the transportation by truck. From the research which sees consequently investigated a various policy, a system and a law about Chinese logistics industry and present condition of the Chinese goods enterprise and instance analysis of the large Chinese corporation that branch out to undeveloped markets led and a Chinese logistics industry and problem point escape hereafter the heightening of competitiveness plan which is rational under prsenting boil.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.353-361
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted in order to identify the present condition of caffeinated drinks intake including energy drink. Concretely, It was investigated about stress degree, study attitude, sleeping hours by intake degree of caffeinated drinks. Descriptive survey research was designed. A total of 371 students in M university was participated. Data were collected through a questionnaire (from October 22, 2012. to October 26, 2012). The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, scheffe's test, using the SPSS version 17.0. There were no significant differences between caffeinated drinks intake's degree including energy drink. Most of students thought caffeinated drinks intake have an effect on their health. Intake time of caffeinated drinks was before or after studying or sleepy. Caffeinated drinks intaked mostly alone. Intake causes of canned coffee or energy drink was sleepy and coffee mix, black coffee, coffee flavored milk and green tea was good taste. Stress degree, study attitude, sleeping hours by intake degree of caffeinated drinks were no significant effects between canned coffee, coffee mix, black coffee, green tea and energy drink. But, stress degree by intake degree of coffee flavored milk was significant low when it intakes more than once a day, sleeping hours was significant long when it was nondrinking.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.54 no.3
• /
• pp.327-331
• /
• 2009

Korean government has promoted the policy of chemical fertilizer reduction by 40% reduction from 2003 to 2013. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere and rye (Secale cerale L.) accumulates soil nitrogen to reduce potential nitrogen loss. The objective of this research was to identify optimum seeding rates of hairy vetch-rye mixtures in the central regions of Korea. The experiment of mixture rate was carried out for maximum production in 2006 and 2007. The best seeding rate mixture for maximum biomass production was 6.75 kg hairy vetch and 5 kg rye per 10a. Pure hairy vetch and rye were used as control. The nitrogen production of mixture treatments were higher than pure rye. The hairy vetch and rye mixture can scavenge potentially leachable nitrogen, while maintaining soil fertility by adding fixed nitrogen to the cropping system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.25-36
• /
• 2013

This study aims to perform the economic analysis to the use of solar power facilities in rural villages considering the climate change scenario. IPCC climate change scenarios in the recently adopted the RCP scenarios (RCP8.5, RCP6.5, RCP4.5, RCP2.6) was used. By RCP scenarios, solar radiation, depending on the scenario in 2100, respectively, 3.6%, 2.5%, 1.9%, 1.1% was assumed to increase. From the economic analysis(payback period is 25 year) on 8 points of each province, in all cases of normal data and four RCP scenarios, at all points analyzed were NPV indicate a negative, BC ratio less than 1.0, respectively. In the case of Mokpo, Chunnam RCP8.5, BC ratio were found to be up to a 0.92, followed by 0.89 in the case of RCP8.5 in Jinju, Kyungnam shows, while the minimum was in Jeju. BC ratio is 1.0 or bigger, in order for the normal solar radiation data in Mokpo, Chonnam was the minimum that it takes 37 years. Similarly, in the case of RCP scenarios, 30 years in Mokpo, Chonnam RCP8.5 and 31 years in the cases of Jinju, Kyungnam and Jeonju, Cheonbuk RCP8.5 were analyzed. It was analyzed that RCP8.5 has the highest value. BC analysis models for each of the factors, the results of the sensitivity analysis, the initial installation costs, electricity sales price, discount rate in the order of economy showed higher sensitivity, and the rest factors showed lower changes. Although there are some differences of solar radiation by region, but in Korea most facilities in rural areas, the use of solar power was considered to be economical enough, considering change of several factors with high sensitivity, such as increasing of government subsidies for the solar power installation of the facility, rising oil prices due to a rise in electricity sales price, and a change in discount rate. In particular, when considering climate change scenarios, the use of solar energy for rural areas of the judgment that there was more economical.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.698-705
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact which the plan characteristics of Residential Land Development Projects have on land price changes in the project district and to derive policy implications for the efficient promotion of these projects. For this purpose, we analyzed the promotion land price change progress of Residential Land Development Projects step-by-step. After theoretical consideration and a review of the references, 16 plan characteristics of Residential Land Development Projects affecting land price changes were selected ((1) The rate of land price change, (2) Business area, (3) Residential land ratio, (4) Commercial land ratio, (5) Semi-residential land ratio, (6) Neighborhood facilities land ratio, (7) Apartment house ratio, (8) Street ratio, (9) Park & green ratio, (10) Ratio of land for schools, (11) Site development cost for $1m^2$, (12) General residential area ratio, (13) Semi-residential area ratio, (14) Commercial area ratio, (15) Semi-Industrial area ratio, and Natural green area ratio). We used SPSS Version 20.0 to analyze the impact of the 16 selected plan characteristics on the land price changes. As a result, it was found that the land price began to rise two years (before/after?) the appointment of the district and became stabilized after the completion of the project. The plan characteristics that affect the land price changes were found to be the (2) Business area, (4) Commercial land ratio, (6) Neighborhood facilities land ratio, (8) Street ratio, (11) Site development cost for $1m^2$, and (12) General residential area ratio.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.199-218
• /
• 2010

When assessing environmental or other regulatory programs, economists and other policy analysts have traditionally used the approach that consists of comparing the benefits from regulation with the costs that must be borne to capture these benefits. The vast majority of economic analysis of regulation was based upon the assumption that regulations increase production costs. Porter had disputed this seemingly straightforward claim. In his view, economists had failed to incorporate the capacity of stringent regulations to induce innovation into their analysis. However, at the same time, the hypothesis had been criticized by economists. This study analyzed the determinants of innovation performances as well as activities of small and medium manufacturers, based on a recently held survey among mainly manufacturing SMEs in Korea. In particular, this study took the level of innovation activities, the strength of environmental regulations, and moreover the impediment that the company went through as factors. In addition, the characteristics of innovative SMEs were compared with the other counterparts. The empirical analysis revealed that the level of environmental awareness, existence of innovative activities, characteristics of firms, and moreover the innovation types are the most important determinants of SMEs’ innovation performance both in technology as well as in economic perspective.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.315-322
• /
• 2012

Recently multifaceted advantages of urban agriculture are emerging in civil society and related policy arena such as food safety, environment, and social welfare. This study tried an estimation of residents' willingness-to-pay for urban farming to examine feasibility of using part of urban green infrastructure as urban farm (e.g. allotment garden). A survey targeting Bundang and Dontan new-town residents was carried out and willingness-to-pay for urban farm rental was estimated by contingent valuation method (CVM). The estimated rent was cross-checked with the rental cost and travel cost paid by hobby farm users in the outskirt of metropolitan area. The result of this study showed that the potential demand for urban farming is ample if urban farms or allotment gardens are planned within new development areas. That is, 72.6 percent of new-town residents questioned had intention of using allotment garden within urban parks and green spaces. Estimated willingness-to-pay for renting a plot, $16.5m^2$ of urban farm, was about 236,000 won(KRW), which is higher than rent for a plot of allotment garden which is located out of city. Variables which were statistically significant to estimated willingness-to-pay for urban farming were sex, age, and occupation of respondents, among other explanatory socio-demographic variables, while expected frequency and duration of visit to urban farm were insignificant.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 2011

Automobile-oriented urban transport system, continued from the past in Korea, is giving rise to inefficiency and social costs in transport sector. With revitalizing usage of bicycle, human-powered transport mode, it is possible to enhance sustainable green growth, improvement of the city-competitiveness, and the quality of life. In this study, the possibility of bicycle usage promotion in Korean cities is examined at 7 points of views. As a result, though the bicycle usage is low now, we figured that there are many positive signs to increase bicycle usage in Korea. Also, we draw a diverse key policies for building green urban transport system that bicycle have a most important role on transport system. So policies to promote bicycle usage are reviewed to analyze on bicycle-oriented 5 cities, in which have high bicycle mode share. By this review, this study could draw 41 key effective policies to 3 aspects (bicycle infrastructure, safety and promotion, and policy sustainability). In addition to, importance of 21 key effective policies about bicycle infrastructure is suggested as considering city's characteristics.