• 항공우주산업기술동향
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

질량이 크고 정밀한 정렬이 요구되는 전개형 영상 레이더를 장착하기 위해서는 일반적으로 위성을 수평상태로 놓고 조립을 수행하게 된다. 이는 전개형 안테나의 회전축을 중력축과 일치시키고 전개형 안테나를 중력방향과 반대로 질량을 보상함으로써 무중력 상태를 만들어 회전축에 무리한 힘을 가하지 않기 위함이다. 이러한 전개형 영상 레이더를 장착하기 위해서는 위성이 수평 상태로 놓이더라도 위성체 처짐이 없는 수직상태와 동일한 형상을 만들어 주어야 한다. 처짐이 발생한 위성체에 안테나를 장착하고 수직상태로 변경하면 처짐이 발생한 부분이 강제적으로 원상복귀하려는 힘으로 인해 안테나 정렬이 틀어질 수 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 수평상태에서 위성의 처짐값을 확인하기 위한 방안을 찾고 처짐 보상을 위한 Reaction Force 값을 어떻게 구할 것인지를 보여주고 있다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.401-413
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• 2015

In this study the progressive collapse resisting capacity of a RC beam-column subassemblage with and without strengthening was investigated. Total of five specimens were tested; two unreinforced specimens, the one designed as gravity load-resisting system and the other as seismic load-resisting system, and three specimens reinforced with: (i) bonded strand, (ii) unbonded strand, and (iii) side steel plates with stud bolts. The two-span subassemblages were designed as part of an eight-story RC building. Monotonically increasing load was applied at the middle column of the specimens and the force-displacement relationships were plotted. It was observed that the gravity load-resisting specimen failed by fractures of re-bars in the beams. In the other specimens no failure was observed until the maximum displacement capacity of the actuator was reached. Highest strength was observed in the structure with unbonded strand. The test result of the specimen with side steel plates in beam-column joints showed that the force-displacement curve increased without fracture of re-bars. Based on the test results it was concluded that the progressive collapse resisting capacity of a RC frame could be significantly enhanced using unbonded strands or side plates with stud bolts.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2013

The aim of the study was a quantitative analysis of elite athlete's $540^{\circ}$ Dwihuryeochagi and effects of ground movements to the jumping height and kicking velocity. Eleven elite players(Taekwondo demonstration team) participated in this study. In order to get the kinetic and kinematic variables, ten Vicon cameras and a force plate were used. Foot segment velocity(FSV), vertical ground reaction force(GRF), impulse, ground time(GT) in phase 1, trunk angular velocity(TAV), vertical center of gravity(COG), flight time(FT) in phase 2 and kicking leg segment velocity(KSV) in phase 3 were measured and analyzed. Results indicated that there were similar patterns of variables among phases between subjects. Non-significant correlation(r=.145) between flight time(FT) and impulse was found. Also non-significant correlation(r=.119) between center of gravity(COG) and impulse was found. In conclusions, there were similar strategies in phase 1, phase 2, and phase 3 between subjects.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권5호
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• pp.591-604
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• 2022

A gravity wall combined with an anchoring lattice frame (a combined retaining structure) is adopted at a typical engineering site at Dali-Ruili Railway Line China. Where, the combined retaining structure supports a soil deposit covering on different inclined rock slopes. With an aim to investigate and compare the effects of inclined rock slopes on the response of combined retaining structure under seismic excitation, three groups of shaking table tests are conducted. The rock slopes are shaped as planar surfaces inclined at angles of 20°, 30°, and 40° with the horizontal, respectively. The shaking table tests are supplemented by dynamic numerical simulations. The results regarding the horizontal acceleration response, vertical acceleration response, permanent displacement mode, and axial anchor force are comparatively examined. The acceleration response is more susceptible to outer structural profile of combined retaining structure than to inclined angle of rock slope. The permanent displacement decreases when the inclined angle of the rock slope increases within a range of 20°-40°. A critical inclined angle of rock slope exists within a range of 20°-40°, and induces the largest axial anchor force in the combined retaining structure.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.3864-3871
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• 2024

In case of a hypothetical severe accident in a Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR), coolability of the debris bed in the post-accident phase plays a vital role in mitigating the accident and ensuring the structural integrity of the reactor vessel. Few numerical studies are reported in literature, in which the boiling heat transfer in debris bed is expressed as equivalent heat conduction using similarity law between heat conduction and two-phase heat transfer. However, these studies assumed steady state mass conservation for the boiling zone and neglected the gravity force. Hence, a detailed study has been carried out for various particle sizes and porosities of SFR debris to investigate the influence of above considerations. The effect of gravity on debris bed coolability is studied using steady state model of Lipinski, which showed that gravity has a non-negligible effect, for particle size of 0.3 mm and porosity of 0.5. However, the gravitation force was found to have a negligible effect in dryout heat flux estimation for the bottom cooled configuration. A transient numerical model is developed for simulating the boiling phenomena in debris beds and validated with the published experimental results. The assumption of steady state mass conservation is verified by carrying out transient analysis, which indicated early prediction of the dryout inception. For time dependent heat generation case, the unsteady mass conservation predicted higher DHF compared to constant heat generation.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

플랫플레이트 시스템은 주로 전단벽과 가새 골조와 같은 횡력저항 시스템과 함께 중력저항 시스템으로 사용된다. 따라서 지진과 같은 횡하중이 작용할 때, 중력저항 시스템은 중력하중에 대한 전달 능력을 유지하면서 일체로 연결된 횡력저항 시스템의횡변위를 견딜 수 있어야 한다. 또한 플랫플레이트 시스템은 지진에 대한 특별 상세조건에 만족하면 중간 모멘트 골조로써 횡력저항 시스템으로도 사용할 수 있다. 그러나 횡하중이 작용하는 경우 플랫플레이트 시스템은 횡변위와 불균형모멘트로 인한 뚫림 전단의 위험성은 더욱 커지게 된다. 따라서 플랫플레이트 시스템을 중력 저항 또는 횡력 저항 시스템으로 설계하는 모든 경우에 중력하중뿐만 아니라 횡하중하의 설계 내력 (모멘트와 전단력)과 변위 등의 합리적인 예측은 매우 중요하다. ACI 318 (2005)에서는 중력하중에 대한 해석시 직접설계법과 등가골조법을 제시하고 있으며, 횡하중에 대한 해석으로 유한요소법, 유효보폭법, 등가골조법을 허용한다. 이러한 해석법은 각각 장단점을 갖고 있으며, 매우 광범위한 해석 결과를 보인다. 따라서 구조 설계자들은 적절한 해석법의 선택과 해석 결과를 분석하는데 어려움을 갖는다. 본 연구의 목적은 플랫플레이트 해석법에 대한 구조 설계자들이 적절한 해석법을 선택할 수 있도록 하고, 횡하중에 대한 해석 방법으로 수정된 등가골조법의 실용성을 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 중력하중과 횡하중을 받는 7층의 플랫플레이트 구조물에 대한 내부력과 횡변위를 대상으로 유한요소해석을 수행하고 각 골조해석법의 결과를 비교하였다. 또한 각 골조해석법의 정확성은 기존 플랫플레이트 슬래브 구조물의 실험 결과와 비교하여 검증하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.383-398
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• 2020

This paper investigates the progressive collapse behavior of 3D steel-framed gravity buildings under fires with a cooling phase. The effect of fire protections and bracing systems on whether, how, and when a gravity building collapses is studied. It is found that whether a building collapses or not depends on the duration of the heating phase, and it may withstand a "short-hot" fire, but collapses under a mild fire or a "long-cool" fire. The collapse time can be conservatively determined by the time when the temperature of steel columns reaches a critical temperature of 550 ℃. It is also found that the application of a higher level of fire protection may prevent the collapse of a building, but may also lead to its collapse in the cooling phase due to the delayed temperature increment in the heated members. The tensile membrane action in a heated slab can be resisted by a tensile ring around its perimeter or by tensile yielding lines extended to the edge of the frame. It is recommended for practical design that hat bracing systems should be arranged on the whole top floor, and a combination of perimeter and internal vertical bracing systems be used to mitigate the fire-induced collapse of gravity buildings. It is also suggested that beam-to-column connections should be designed to resist high tensile forces (up to yielding force) during the cooling phase of a fire.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2020

In this paper, the slope of the footplate is adjusted to compensate for the centrifugal force with a series elastic actuator (SEA) attached to the Segway's body to improve the cornering characteristics during turning. To ensure Segway's driving safety in the curvature motion, it is necessary to compensate for the centripetal force by tilting the footplate to generate inward force from gravity. When the footplate is tilted under the control of SEA, the vertical load on both wheels has been changed accordingly. The frictional force of the wheel has been changed by the change of the vertical force, which requires adjustment of driving torque to keep the curvature trajectory. That is, the driving torque has been controlled to keep the curvature trajectory considering the frictional force caused by the turning motion. Four SEAs are attached to the footplate to control the slope of the footplate and the real curvature motion has been demonstrated to verify the effects of SEAs in the high- speed curvature motion.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.497-511
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• 1996

The equivalent static force procedure and the response spectrum analysis method are widely used for seismic analyses of multi-story buildings. The equivalent static force procedure is one of the most simple but less accurate method in predicting possible seismic response of a structure. The response spectrum analysis method provides more accurate results while it takes much longer computational time. In the response spectrum method, dynamic response of a multi-story building is obtained by combining modal responses through a proper procedure such as SRSS or CQC method. Since all of the analysis results are expressed in absolute values, structural engineers have difficulties to combine them with the results obtained from the static analysis. Design automation is interrupted at this stage because of the difficulty in the decision of the most critical design load. Pseudo-dynamic analysis method proposed in this study provides more accurate seismic analysis results than those of the equivalent static force procedure since the dynamic characteristics of a structure is considered. And the proposed method has an advantage in combination of the analysis results due to gravity loads and seismic loads since the direction of the forces can be considered.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2009년도 학술대회
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• pp.384-389
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• 2009

일반적으로 사용자의 동작 정보는 human-computer interaction 에 유용하게 사용되는데, 이때 사용자의 의도 파악은 주로 움직임의 가속도 정보를 통해 분석된다. 그러나 일반적인 사람의 움직임은 등속 운동 및 미미한 가속도를 수반하는 경우가 많아 기존의 접근 방식으로는 사용자의 모든 움직임을 검출하기 어려운 단점이 있으며, 경우에 따라서는 부자연스러운 움직임을 유발시키기도 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 자연스러운 interaction 을 위한 새로운 인터페이스 방식을 제안하고 이의 활용방안에 대해 논의한다. 제안된 시스템은 중력을 기구부의 복원력으로 활용하여, 초기화와 같은 가속도계 기반의 IMU 의 공통적인 문제를 해결하고 또한 비교적 간단한 움직임으로도 다양한 신호 패턴을 생성시킬 수 있도록 하는 것에 그 목적을 둔다.