• 융합정보논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 최적의 조건에서 추출된 지누아리 추출물의 항산화능과 항염능을 확인하였다. 다양한 ethanol 수용액으로 지누아리의 유용물질을 추출하여 DPPH, ABTS, nitrite 라디컬 소거능을 측정하고, 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량을 분석하였다. 20% ethanol 수용액으로 추출한 경우에 라디컬 소거능이 가장 우수하였고, 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량 또한 가장 높았다. 이로부터 20% ethanol 수용액이 지누아리의 항산화 및 항염 물질을 효율적으로 추출하였음을 확인하였다. 한편, RAW 264.7 세포주를 이용하여 지누아리 추출물의 세포독성과 항염능을 확인하였다. 지누아리 추출물은 200 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 독성을 나타내지 않았고, 이 농도에서 50% 이상의 NO 생성 억제능을 나타냈다. 이러한 결과로 지누아리 추출물은 항산화 및 항염 특성을 지니는 기능성 화장품 원료로 사용 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.723-728
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• 2006

The species of Grateloupia filicina, Grateloupia divaricata in East Sea were investigated taxonmically in order to clarify taxonomic position. The ecological character, external morphology, anatomy of vegetative structure. Blade length are $15{\sim}40\;cm$, erect from discoidal holdfast of $3{\sim}10\;mm$ in diameter. Stipe $1{\sim}2.5\;cm$ long, narrowly cylindrical below, compressed above Grateloupia filicina. Main axis are long and compressed, $3{\sim}7\;mm$ broad in broadest part. Colors are scarlet to light red. Blade length are $10{\sim}25\;cm$, erect from discoidal holdfast of $3{\sim}8\;cm$ in diameter Grateloupia divaricata. Stipe are single and simple $2{\sim}5\;mm$ broad. Thallus composed of cortex and medulla in section ; cortex composed of $9{\sim}10$ layers of anticlinally arranged cortical cell, divided into outer, middle and inner parts. Partial fragments of nuclear 18S rDNAs from the two species of Grateloupia (Rhodophyta) were amplified using the PCR reaction and sequenced to compare their similarity. The partial sequences showed 98.9% similarity each other. Grateloupia filicina has 371 bp sizes and Grateloupia divaricata has 372 bp size. The G+C contents of Grateloupia filicina is 54.3% and Grateloupia divaricata is 53.64%.

• ALGAE
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2002

The vegetative and reproductive features of Grateloupia filicina (Lamouroux) C. Agardh (Cryptonemiales, Halymeniaceae) from different parts of the Indian Coast were studied. The plants grow in wide range of habitats and showed a lot of morphological variations. The development of the thallus is multiaxial type and the medullary region is composed of irregular, branched and stellate shaped cells. The gametophytic plants are dioecious and the male plants are smaller compared to female plants. The carpogonial branch is two-celled and formed on an a accessory branch system known as ampulla. Cystocarps are spherical to sybspherical with distint ostioles and scattered on the thallus surface. Tetrasporangia are common and tetraspores are either cruciate or decussate. Bisporangia are occasionally encountered. Our study suggests occurrence of two intraspecific taxa of G. filicina i.e.: var. luxurians and var. filinina from India coast.

• ALGAE
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2009

Grateloupia filicina (J.V. Lamouroux) C. Agardh (Halymeniaceae, Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta) is an edible seaweed as well as an important source of carrageenan. In the present study, attempt has been made to develop a suitable protocol for effective regeneration of the seaweed and the rapid multiplication of the desired varieties. The young upright thallus of G. filicina was grown in axenic culture using both solid and liquid media. The various media tested were f/2, Provasoli’s Enriched Seawater (PES) and Enriched Seawater (ESW). The effect of glycerol (as a carbon source) and various plant growth regulators i.e. auxin (NAA) and cytokinins (Kinetin and BA) were tested. Although, regeneration of young thalli was observed from the cut ends in all the media, better growth was found in f/2, PES, f/2 (0.5% Glycerol), f/2 (NAA ${10^{-5}}_M)\;and\;f/2\;(BA\;{10^{-6}}_M$). On the other hand callusing was observed only in solid media supplemented with low concentration of Glycerol (0.5%) in f/2, NAA ${10^{-5}}_M\;in\;f/2,\;PES\;and\;BA\;{10^{-5}}_M$ in f/2. Young thalli were developed from the callus sub culture after 40 days of inoculation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.503-511
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• 2008

An edible marine red alga, Grateloupia filicina, collected from Jeju Island of Korea was hydrolyzed by cheap food-grade carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celuclast, AMC, Termamyl, and Ultraflo) to investigate its anticoagulant activity. Among the tested enzymatic extracts of G. filicina, a Termamyl extract showed the highest anticoagulant activity. Anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel-permeation chromatography on Sepharose-4B were used to purify the active polysaccharide from the crude polysaccharide fraction of G. filicina. The purified sulfated polysaccharide (0.42 sulfate/total sugar) showed ${\sim}1,357kDa$ molecular mass and was comprised mainly of galactose(98%) and 1-2% of glucose. The sample showed potential anticoagulant activity on activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) thrombin time (TT) assays. The purified G. filicina anticoagulant (GFA) inhibited the coagulation factor X (92%), factor II (82%), and factor VII (68%) of the coagulation cascade, and the molecular interaction (protein-polysaccharide) was highly enhanced in the presence of ATIII (antithrombin III). The dissociation constant of polysaccharide towards serine proteins decreased in the order of FXa (58.9 nM) >FIIa (74.6 nM) >FVII (109.3 nM). The low/less cytotoxicity of the polysaccharide benefits its use in the pharmaceutical industry; however, further studies that would help us to elucidate the mechanism of its activity are needed.

• ALGAE
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2023

Accurately identifying species is the basis of all biological studies. There has been much confusion in the identification of Grateloupiacean species, which have finely pinnate gross morphology similar to Grateloupia filicina (the type species of the family). The objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate species identification and distribution of G. filicina-like species in the Northwest Pacific, based on the rbcL sequences. A total of 118 specimens from 78 sites in Korea and Japan were collected from 2001 to 2021 and analyzed for their rbcL sequences. Additional 341 sequences downloaded from the GenBank were included in our comprehensive dataset. Based on these sequences, we documented the nomenclatural history and geographical distribution of the species, and commented on the application of species name. G. asiatica was the most abundant G. filicina-like species in the Northwest Pacific, and its high degree of morphological variation caused many misidentifications. In particular, G. dalianensis, G. serra, and G. variata require reconsideration of their conspecificity with G. asiatica using more specimens from China. By contrast, G. oligoclora was presumed to be a heterotypic synonym of G. subpectinata. The occurrence of G. acuminata, G. ramosissima, and G. livida in Korea resulted from misidentifications with other species.

• ALGAE
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2006

This study was conducted to screen in vitro angiotensin - I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of methanol (MeOH) and aqueous extracts at 20°C and 70°C, respectively, prepared from twenty-six red algae obtained from the coast of Jeju Island in Korea. Among aqueous extracts at 20°C (20AE) from red algae Lomentaria catenata showed the strongest ACE inhibitory activity and Lithophyllum okamurae recorded the second highest activity. From MeOH extract at 20°C (20ME) Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis possessed the strongest ACE inhibitory activity. Remarkable activities from MeOH extracts at 70°C (70ME) were observed in Grateloupia filicina, Sinkoraena lancifolia and Grateloupia lanceolata. However, no significant activity was found in aqueous extracts at 70°C (70AE). The IC50 values, which are concentrations required to inhibit 50% activity of ACE, for ACE inhibitory activities of 20AE from Lithophyllum okamurae and L. catenata were 13.78 and 12.21 μg mL–1, respectively. The IC50 values of 20ME from A. flabelliformis and Laurencia okamurae were 13.84 and 106.15 μg mL–1. Those of the 70ME from Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Grateloupia filicina, Sinkoraena lancifolia, G. lanceolata, Gracilaria vermiculophylla and L. okamurae ranged from 25.82 to 124.69 μg mL–1.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1124-1129
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• 2005

동해안 특산 해조류의 식품 또는 의약품재료로의 이용가능성을 검토하기 위하여 소화효소(pepsin)로 가수분해한 다음 저분자peptide를 정제하여 여러 가지 기능성을 연구하였다. 쇠 미역, 파래 및 지누아리의 효소가수분해물은 Bio-Rad P2 gel chromatography 상에서 3개의 peptide peak를 나타내었으나 김은 2개의 peak를 나타내었다. 항산화활성은 김 peak 1이 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 김 peak 2 및 쇠미역 peak 2 순으로 높았다. ACE 저해활성은 김 peak 1, 파래 peak 3 및 peak 2순으로 높았으며, 항갈변활성은 김 peak 1 및 2, 파래 peak 2가 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 파래 peak 3이 높았다. 항암(종양)활성은 파래 Peak 1이 가장 높았으며 그 다음으로 쇠미역 peak 2, 파래 peak 3, 지누아리 peak 3 순으로 높았다. 전반적으로는 김의 기능성이 가장 뛰어났으며, 이는 가장 높은 단백질함량을 가지고 있는 것도 한 이유라고 판단되며, 앞으로 저분자 peptide의 구조분석 및 아미노산 sequence의 규명도 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국영양학회 2003년도 연합학술대회
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• pp.302.2-302.2
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• 2003

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.664-673
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• 2009

An intertidal marine benthic algal vegetation and vertical distribution at Youngil Bay, the eastern coast of Korea was investigated to clarify the community structure and vertical distribution by quadrat method from February 2003 to January 2009. Marine algae identified from the area were 152 species; 25 green, 38 brown and 89 red algae. The dominant species were Ulva spp., Ulva pertusa, Chaetomorpha moniligera, Undaria pinnatifida, Sargassum horneri, S. miyabei, S. thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, Corallina pilulifera, Grateloupia elliptica, G. filicina, Prionitis cornea, Chondrus ocellatus, Chondracanthus intermedia, Acrosorium polyneurum, Chondria crassicaulis, Polysiphonia morrowii and Symphyocladia latiuscula at study sites. The vertical distribution of intertidal marine algae was divided into three distinct zones. They were characterized by Porphyra spp. and Ulva spp. at the upper, Ulva spp. and Ulva pertusa at the middle, and Sargassum spp., Gelidium amansii, Grateloupia spp., Chondrus ocellatus and Chondria crassicaulis at the lower zones, respectively. Functional form group analysis showed that coarsely branched forms comprised 44.7% of the algal community, whereas thick leathery forms, sheet forms and filamentous forms comprised 6.6-25.7%. R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P values were 2.34, 0.66 and 3.00, respectively.