• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 1999

세라믹 복합체의 미세구조는 이차상의 종류 및 양, 소결 조제, 그리고 소결 조건(즉, 소결온도, 압력, 유지시간)에 영향을 받는다. 또한, 내마모 특성은 미세구조와 작업 조건이 내마모 특성에 크게 영향을 미친다. 본 실험에서는 질화규소에 마그네시아의 양을 변화시켜 가압 소결(Hot Press) 방법으로 시편을 제조하였다. 마그네시아 양에 따른 미세구조, 기계적 특성(경도, 강도, 파괴인성), 그리고 다양한 분위기(공기, 물, paraffin oil)에서의 내마모 특성을 조사하였다. 질화규소에 마그네시아의 양이 증가하였을 때, 입계의 유리상이 $\beta$-상의 장주형 입자를 커지게 하고, 또한 Hertzian contact damage를 저하시킨다. 대기 중에서 내마모 거동은 강도뿐만 아니라 파괴인성과 관련이 있고, 물과 paraffin oil에서는 경도와 밀접하다. 물속에서 마모시험 중 많은 유리상이 물과 반응하는 것을 생각할 수 있다. 그러므로 마찰 화학적 반응(tribochemical reaction)은 마모도 저하시킨다. Paaraffin oil에서 높은 하중을 부하할 경우, Hertzian contact damage 때문에 초기 마모가 마모량에 지배적이다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

In this study, the decision of dressing time for diamond wheel was analyzed by observing with acoustic emission signals and surface roughness, and also obtained the machining characteristics by weibull distribution plot for the values of bending strength. From the experimental study, it was possible to predict the time of re-dressing for the diamond grinding wheel with the analysis of acoustic emission signals and surface roughness values, and following conclusions were obtained. The root-mem-square values of acoustic emission signals were obtained low as the increased of table speed for different abrasive grain size. This is caused by the lack of grinding power which is not able to get rid of all real grinding mass of depth as the table speed is increased. The values of bending strength for ground $Si_3 N_4$ specimens were decreased for gain size of #400 than that of #60, but it was found that the surface roughness values for gain size of #60 were better than that of #400. As compared the shape parameter of weibull distribution plot for the values of bending strength, it was found that the reliability of bending strength for grain size of #60 increased than that of #400.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2021

본 연구는 레이저 침탄된 TiZrN 코팅층의 탄소확산거동 측면과 이에 따른 기계적 특성 변화를 연구·고찰하였다. TiZrN 코팅에 탄소페이스트를 도포한 후, 레이저를 조사하여 침탄시켰다. 침탄 이후에 (111)상에 해당하는 XRD 피크가 저각으로 이동하여, 도핑된 탄소에 의한 격자팽창을 보여주었다. 아울러, 투입된 탄소의 입계 확산에 의한 결정립의 크기가 감소하였다. 침입된 탄소의 결합상태를 확인하기 위한 XPS 분석결과, 레이저의 열에너지를 통해 탄소가 TiZrN내 질소 원자와 치환되어 탄화물(TiC 또는 ZrC)을 보였다. 아울러, sp2와 sp3 혼성화 결합이 혼재하는 상태를 보여 비정질 탄소가 형성된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 침탄 전후 TiZrN 코팅층의 단면 TEM 이미지와 inverse FFT 분석결과, 격자 중간에 물결형상이 관찰되어 결정립계 내 비정질 상의 형성을 보여주었다. 침탄 후 경도는 34.57 G Pa에서 38.24 G Pa로 증가하였으며, 마찰계수는 83 % 감소하였다. 특히, 외부 하중에 저항하는 지표로 활용되는 H/E는 0.11에서 0.15으로 증가하였고 wear rate는 65 % 개선되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.157-166
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• 1978

The purpose of this study was; (1) to examine ready-to-wear dresses to find the characteristics of labels and construction which existed at three different price levels and (2) to make the gathered information available to consumers, designers, manufacturers and the people who are concerned with ready-to-wear garments. A check sheet was made listing a wide variety of features which could cause garments to be different. For the statistical analysis. 87 dresses were used out of 116 dresses examined. Observation was made at the stores in Myung Dong, Suh-Dae Moon and No Ryang Jin in Seoul from February 16, 1978 to March 3, 1978. The findings are; 1. The average prices of high, medium and low priced levels were ${\\}54,728$, ${\\}41,448$ and ${\\}7,225$. The average price discrepancy between high and medium priced levels was ${\\}13,000$ and ${\\}34,194$ between medium and low priced levels. 2. Most of the dresses examined had labels in all three priced levels. The most informative labels were found on medium priced dresses and then high. The low priced dresses had no information which would be of help to the consumer in regard to care, size and Jiber content. 3. Most of the dresses examined were cut on lengthwise grain. The stitching of medium and high priced levels were satisfactory. The chief way of fastening threads at the end of stitching was by backtracking. $28\%$ of the low priced levels was found unappropriate in stitching number because it was too large to the fabric. Many dresses in low priced levels were not pressed well. The average hem width of low priced dresses were less than 3cm, the high 3-4cm and the medium 4-5cm. Hemming was done mostly by hand in high and medium and by machine in low priced dresses. The medium priced dresses used more linings than low and high priced dresses.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.406-414
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• 2003

In order to produce good wear resistance powder metallurgy Al-Si alloys with high strength, addition of glass forming elements of Ni and Ce in $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$ alloy was examined using SEM, TEM, tensile strength and wear testing. The solubility of Si in aluminum increased with increasing Ni and Ce contents for rapidly solidified powders. These bulk alloys consist of a mixed structure in which fine Si particles with a particle size below 500 nm and very fine A1$_3$Ni, A1$_3$Ce compounds with a particle size below 200 nm are homogeneously dispersed in aluminum matrix with a grain size below 600 nm. The tensile strength at room temperature for $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$, $Al_{78}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_2$Ce$_{0.5}$, and $Al_{76}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_4$Ce$_1$ bulk alloys extruded at 674 K and ratio of 10 : 1 is 281,521, and 668 ㎫ respectively. Especially, $Al_{73}$Si$_{19}$Ni$_{7}$Ce$_1$ bulk alloy had a high tensile strength of 730 ㎫. These bulk alloys are good wear-resistance bel ter than commercial I/M 390-T6. Specially, attactability for counterpart is very little, about 15 times less than that of the I/M 390-T6. The structural refinement by adding glass forming elements such as Ni and Ce to hyper eutectic $Al_{81}$Si$_{19}$ alloy is concluded to be effective as a structural modification method.d.tion method.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.37-37
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• 2001

TiN coatings were applied for VarIOUS application fields, because of a good wear-resistance and a high hardness. Typically, TiN thin films show the hardness of 25GPa and friction coefficient of 0.6. However, in many field, one is looking for a more improved tool which has low friction coefficient and high wear resistance. The main motivation of this study is to characterize the influence of copper dopant content on TiN thin films. Ti-Cu-N thin films were deposited onto D2 steel substrates by PVD processing with various magnetron current densities (Cu contents). In this work, we synthesized titanium nitride films similar with reported typical titanium nitride films and synthesized Ti-Cu-N thin films with the addition of elemental copper which is measured improved hardness more than pure TiN films with copper content variables. This films has preferred oriented films of (111) direction. In addition, It was found that there is a strong correlation between content of various metal and film characteristics such as preferred orientation, grain size, hardness and friction coefficient and so, in future study, improved mechanical properties of TiN films can be controlled by change in target current density. The Ti-Cu-N film will show apparent hardness improvement and mechanical properties enhancement, when doping element is added onto TiN thin films. Film structure, chemical composition, mechanical properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), wear resistance tester and nanohardness tester.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.112-118
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• 1998

In surface grinding, the contact between the grinding wheel and workpiece introduce heat and resistance, which restrict the self-dressing of the grits and result in burrs and cracks on the workpiece. Therefore, before or during the grinding operation, it is necessary to self-dress the grinding wheel for more accurate performance. In order to determine the dressing time monitoring method of grinding wheel in surface grinding, a three-dimensional computer simulation of the grinding operation has been attempted based on the contact mechanism and surface-shaping system between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. The optimal dressing time is determined based on the grain wear and work surface roughness.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2006

The magnetic fluid polishing technique can polish the tool of complex shape, because the polishing method which polishes as compress the workpiece by the magnetism abrasives to arrange to the linear according to the line of magnetic force. Therefore, we producted the magnetic fluid polishing device in order that mirror like finishing processes the tool surface. In order to a polishing condition selection, polishing characteristic was estimated by polishing conditions which are magnetic flux density, polishing speed, grain size, magnetic fluid. The tool was polished to the selected polishing condition. The result to evaluate the polished tool's performance with the cutting force and tool wear, the polished tool's performance was improved compared with the tool not to polish.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1997

This paper aims to clarify the effects of grinding conditions in form grinding of Sr-ferrite with the electro-plated diamond wheel. The main conclusions obtained were as follows. (1) The flexural strength and surface roughness of ferrite became the best at the peripheral wheel speed of 1700 m/min. (2) In the case of the depth of cut larger than 0.4mm, crack layers is induced in the ground surface, and the fracture type of chips exhibits slight ductile mode in the depth of cut smaller than 0.2mm. (3) Whe the depth of cut exceeds 0.6mm, the wheel life becomes extremely severe due to the large chipping and brack- age in the diamond grains. However, at the depth of cut .leq. 0.05mm, the diamond grain shows abrasive wear. (4) The decrease of flexural strength and the increase of surface roughness is in proportion to the increase of the feed rate. (5) Most effective nozzle setting angles with various delivery conditions of the grinding fluid, such as nozzle position .PHI. , flow rate Q, etc., were made clear.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.29-33
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• 1996

This paper aims to clatify the potimum grinding condition for the electroplated diamond wheel in form grinding of Sr-ferrite. The main conclusions obtained were as follows. (1) The flexural strength and surface roughness of ferrite became the highest at the peripheral wheel speed of 1700m/min. (2) In the case of depth of cut larger than 0.4mm, crack layers is induced in the ground surface, the fracture type of chips exhibits slight ductile mode in the depth of cut smaller than 0.2mm. (3) When the depth of cut exceed 0.6mm, the tool life becomes extermely short due to large chipping and brackage. However, at the depth of cut .geq. 0.05mm, the diamond grain shows abrasive wear. (4) The flexural strength and surface roughness increases in proportion to the feed rate.