• 의학교육논단
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2016

Assessment tools for non-academic qualities such as ethics frequently employ hypothetical scenarios to lay out a contextual framework underlying the corresponding criteria of assessment. Due to the context-specific nature of the assessment criteria, details of the scenarios become very important in obtaining accurate results. This study aims to explore how medical school applicants differ in ethical decision making depending on the types of ethical dilemma scenarios, and how they correlate with academic achievements after admission. In 2014, all 82 applicants invited for an admission interview for a graduate-entry program were asked to complete a questionnaire comprised of 13 hypothetical scenarios. There were three domains (unethical business decisions, unethical academic decisions, and sexual quid pro quos) and participants were made to choose between the profitable-but-unethical choice or the unprofitable-but-ethical choice, using a four-point Likert-type scale. On average, tendencies toward unethical decisions were lowest for sexual favors ($1.34{\pm}0.46$), and highest for gaining academic advantages ($2.22{\pm}0.56$). Unethical decisions for academic advantages and sexual benefits showed significant correlation respectively with the female gender and those who graduated from overseas universities. In addition, the propensity for choosing unethical academic decisions was significantly correlated with high academic achievements in medical school (r=0.396). Not only does this study demonstrate that different levels of ethical decision making depend on the scenarios, but also those differences may be a determinant factor in subsequent academic performances in medical school. In conclusion, given the possible influence of the details of the hypothetical scenarios to the applicant's responses, careful consideration must be given during their development.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-103
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• 2020

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2020

Various dental procedures, such as injection administration, surgical treatment, and endodontic treatment, can cause injury to the nerves. The most commonly injured nerves are the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves. This can manifest as altered sensation to the area of innervation of the injured nerve, such as the lower lip, chin, teeth, tongue, and mucosa. Altered sensations or loss of sensation are relatively infrequent complications in daily dental practice. Here, we report an uncommon case of altered sensation in the midfacial region caused by an endodontic procedure and discuss the need to consider local dental causes in the differential diagnosis of numbness in the facial region.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 2020

For the past 20 years, the medical education accreditation program of Korean Institute of Medical Education and Evaluation (KIMEE) has contributed greatly to the standardization and improvement of the quality of basic medical education in Korea. Now, it contributes to establishing and promoting the future of medical education. Since its inception in 2019, Accreditation Standard of KIMEE 2019 (ASK2019) aims to achieve world-class medical education through the application of learner-centered curriculum using a continuum framework for the three phases of formal medical education: basic medical education, post-graduate medical education, and continuing professional development. ASK2019 also promotes medical education which meets community needs and employs systematic assessments throughout the education process. These are important changes that can be used to gauge the future of the medical education accreditation system. Furthermore, internationalization, interprofessional education, health systems science, and on-going, permanent self-assessment systems in every medical school are emerging as important topics for the future of medical education. It's time for the medical education accreditation system in Korea to observe and adopt new trends in global medical education.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2020

Background: The most frequent complication of nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is epistaxis. Epinephrine nasal gauze packing has been used conventionally as a pre-treatment for reducing epistaxis, but it carries a disadvantage of pain and anxiety in patients. However, xylometazoline drops are easier to administer and more convenient for patients. We aimed at comparing the effectiveness of xylometazoline drops and epinephrine merocele packing in reducing bleeding and postoperative complications in our population. Methods: Our study enrolled 120 patients in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. We randomly allocated ASA1 or 2 adult patients into 2 groups: Group X and Group E. Group X received 0.1% xylometazoline nasal drops, and epinephrine (1:10,000) merocele nasal packing was used in Group E. The primary outcome was the incidence of bleeding during NTI; the severity of bleeding, navigability, bleeding during extubation, and postoperative complications were secondary outcomes. We used IBM SPSS and Minitab software for statistical analysis, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We analyzed the data of 110 patients: 55 in Group X and 55 in Group E. The two groups did not have different bleeding incidence (56.4% vs 60.0%; P = 0.70); however, the incidence of severe bleeding was less with xylometazoline than with epinephrine (3.63% vs 14.54%; P < 0.05). We also observed less bleeding during extubation (38.2% vs 68.5%; P < 0.05) with xylometazoline. Other secondary outcomes were akin to both groups. Conclusion: The incidence of severe and post-extubation bleeding was significantly less with xylometazoline. Hence, it may be an effective alternative for reducing the incidence and severity of epistaxis during NTI.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

The aim of this study is to analyze the current status and performance evaluation systems of faculty in Korean medical colleges and professional graduate medical schools (called medical schools). We developed a research tool based on previous studies and distributed it to 40 medical schools from July to October 2017. The response rate was 100%. We calculated the number of faculty members and analyzed the faculty evaluation systems and awareness according to national and private medical schools. As of 2017, the number of medical faculty in Korea was 11,111 (4,973 faculty were employed by their alma mater, which is 44.76% of the total), with non-medical doctor faculty accounting for 754 of the total. The medical schools reflect research achievements as most important for re-appointment and screening to promote faculty, and the area of education is secondary excepting clinical faculty of private medical schools. However, important issues in the faculty evaluation deal with the relevance of research achievement and the need for qualitative assessment. Some medical schools revised or have been revising the faculty evaluation system in areas such as minimum standards of education for promotion and separation of promotion and tenure review. Opening non-tenure track lines for faculty show positive effects such as increasing the number of positions for hire and easing the financial burdens of medical schools. Downfalls include inconsistencies between the responsibilities and actual practices of tenure not being available and the instability of faculty's status. In conclusion, medical schools need to prepare a faculty evaluation system that fits the position of faculty members and attempt to establish a reasonable compensation system.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2023

Physicians should be able to address health-related issues of patients and populations from a multidimensional perspective. Therefore, medical schools have a social responsibility to develop and implement curricula that enable trainees to acquire the competencies needed to improve all aspects of patient care and healthcare delivery. This study explored the concept of health systems science concept as the third pillar of medical education (the other two are basic science and clinical medicine) in the Korean context, as well as related educational needs. The theoretical foundation of health systems science is the biopsychosocial conceptual model, which emphasizes the biological, psychological, and social factors surrounding patients. We concluded that the three domains (core functional, foundational, linking) and 12 subcategories of health systems science proposed by the Association of American Medical Colleges could be applied to Korean medical education. Health systems science education must be emphasized to solve the various healthcare problems facing Korea today and to train physicians to provide medical services in line with society's needs. Introducing a health systems science curriculum will be challenging in the Korean medical environment, which has traditionally emphasized basic science and clinical medical education. Health systems science education should begin in the basic medical education phase, where physicians' professional identity is formed, and continue through graduate medical education. It is essential to understand related educational needs, develop curricular content, conduct faculty development programs, and provide financial resources for the development of an integrated curriculum.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between medical college students and graduate school students with regard to the factors that shape career choice and specialty indecision. One hundred and thirty-three students from a medical school participated in this study. The students completed a survey, which collected information on career choice, specialty indecision, and career adaptability. Significant differences were found between high and low career adaptability groups in factors that affected specialty choice and indecision. Students with high career adaptability were significantly more affected by 'intellectual content of specialty,' 'ages and characteristics of patients,''patient contact experience during the early years of medical school,' and 'greater opportunity for research.' Among the specialty indecision factors, students with high career adaptability were affected by 'several specialties equally appealing to me' and 'many interests,' while students with low career adaptability were affected by being 'unaware of my abilities,''unaware of my interests' and having 'learned my choice was not possible for me.' The factor having the greatest influence on specialty indecision was 'need more information and support,' and there were no significant differences in these factors between the two groups. The results suggest that the development of career counseling and education programs need to be designed for medical college students and graduate students in terms of career adaptability and specialty indecision.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2020

To analyze current status of CPX in colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine nationwide and investigate the operations required for its development and distribution, we investigate current status of CPX in the nationwide colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine and suggest an improvement plan. A total of 7 colleges (graduate schools) performed CPX using the standardized patients as of July 2020 out of 13 colleges (graduate schools). Because there are a significant number of CPX modules developed by the colleges of Traditional Korean Medicine, a wide array of characteristics of Traditional Korean Medicine are covered, based on the literatures of Traditional Korean medicine. The scope of Clinical Presentation should established and a CPX module should be standardized to expand and distribute CPX in the education of Traditional Korean Medicine. If multiple colleges collect, train and manage the standardized patients in cooperation, CPX could be performed more effectively. Furthermore, medical clinical performance guide for Traditional Korean Medicine should be developed in cooperation. Greater support in the form of manpower, finance, and administration are required to distribute CPX to all colleges and develop various CPX modules.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2017

Alimentary tract duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies, most commonly located in the ileum, but may present anywhere from mouth to anus.Clinically, they may be asymptomatic, incidentally diagnosed or may present with obstruction, volvulus, intussusception or gastrointestinal bleed. Here we report a case of a one year old male child presenting in gasping state and shock. Despite the initial strong suspicion of Meckel's diverticulum and tubercular abdomen, the final diagnosis remained elusive till exploratory laparotomy was performed which revealed a duplication cyst of ileum with perforation into the umbilicus. Duplication cyst should always be kept as a differential diagnosis so that early intervention can help in better management.