• 한국조경학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 낙동강 하구 자원들의 중요도와 만족도 분석을 위해 통계분석 SPSS 24.0 Pearson chi-square을 사용하였으며, 연구 결과를 3가지로 요약하였다. 첫째, 낙동강 하구 자원의 중요도 분석에서 생태자원이 27.1%로 가장 높았으며, 경관자원 18.5%, 수변레저자원 6.5%, 복합문화자원 5.4%, 역사문화자원 3.3% 순으로 분석되었다. 설문대상 그룹별 중요도의 유의확률은 성별과 연령별, 조사장소별 조사에 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 여성은 남성보다 생태자원의 선호가 2배 높았으며, 미술관 등 복합 문화자원에서 3배 이상 높은 것으로 나타난 반면, 수변레저 자원에서는 남성이 2배 높은 값을 보였다. 연령별 분석에서 수변레저 자원 선호는 20~30대에서 타 연령대보다 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 복합문화자원은 30대에서 타 연령대보다 약 3배 이상 높은 값을 보였다. 직업에 따른 선호는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었다(p>.05). 둘째, 만족도 분석에서는 경관 자원의 만족도 평균은 6.01, 생태자원은 5.65이며, 문화자원이 5.15로 분석되었다. 성별에 따른 경관자원과 생태자원, 연령에 따른 경관자원, 지역에 따른 생태자원, 직업에 따른 경관자원과 생태자원의 만족도는 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 성별에 따른 경관자원과 생태자원의 만족도는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었으나, 문화자원에서는 유의확률(p=0.012)을 보였다. 연령에 따른 경관자원의 만족도 조사에서 40~50대에서 경관자원의 만족이 높은 반면, 20대에서는 상대적으로 낮게 평가되었다. 부산 경남 거주자와 그 외의 거주자들의 경관자원과 문화자원의 만족도는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 생태자원의 만족도 분석에서는 두 집단의 유의한 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 직업에 따른 경관자원과 생태자원의 만족도 조사에서 대학생, 공무원, 일반인, 전문가 집단의 만족도는 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 문화자원의 만족도는 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 낙동강 하구 자원의 중요도와 만족도를 분석한 결과, 경관, 생태, 문화 자원이 중요하다고 응답한 각각의 집단의 경관자원 만족도 평균은 각각 6.19, 6.08, 5.67로 분석되었으며, 생태자원의 만족도는 5.95, 5.57, 5.41로 분석되었다. 중요도와의 상관관계는 유의하지 않은 수준으로 분석되었으나, 문화자원에 대한 만족도 상관관계는 유의한 차이(p=0.025)가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 하구 자원의 가치 향상과 활성화를 위해 15개 세부 항목을 분석한 결과, 생태관광 활성화(49.5%)와 갈대습지 복원(47.5%)이 우선적이었다. 생태자원의 가치 향상에 대한 인식이 돋보였으며, 하구 주변의 인프라 개선과 자전거길, 산책로, 수변레저 등이 강 하구 활성화의 요건으로 분석되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.24-34
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• 2000

The project for rehabilitation and revegetation of the abandoned coal-mine lands is a very important national environmental restoration project in the view point of rehabilitation and revegetation of denuded forest-lands caused by coal mining as well as restoration of disturbed natural environment and control of the variable pollutions. In Korea, because a large number of coal mines had been developed in order to fill up abundantly consumption of coal as a major energy source in the developing period, a lot of denuded forest-lands caused by coal mining had distributed in the whole country. And, due to the absence of effective rehabilitation and revegetation works on the denuded forestlands caused by coal-mining, most of them had been remained with being damaged. In 1990, area of the abandoned coal-mine lands, requiring the rehabilitation and revegetation works, was about 1,437.1 ha. For the past ten years ('90~'99), about 1,081.8 ha out of them had been rehabilitated and revegetated, and the rehabilitation planning area was about 33.0 ha in 2000. So, remaining area out of abandoned coal-mine lands will be about 322.3 ha after 2000. In principle, after abandoning coal-mine, mine owners must carry out the rehabilitation and revegetation works on the abandoned mine lands by themselves. But, most of mine owners were in financial difficulty after abandoning coal-mine, so that principle couldn't have obtained the desired effects. To solve this problem, from 1995, Coal Industry Promotion Board (CIPB) have carried out the rehabilitation and revegetation works on the abandoned coal-mine lands at government budgets, and they have obtained good results in the construction area. However, due to application of the "conventional erosion control measures and techniques" to the rehabilitation and revegetation measures on the abandoned coal-mine lands, the results and effects of the works excuted have not been successful. Therefore, unique measures and techniques for rehabilitation and revegetation of the abandoned coal-mine lands will have to be developed, especially including development of new techniques on the soil-dressing and soil-covering, seed spray and hydro-seeding measures with seed-fertilizer-soil materials as the mechanized measures, and using of new materials for the tree planting and seedling measures.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.94-107
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• 1997

Producing organic farm products is one of the high-payoff farming practices considering the rapid increase of consumer's purchasing power. The purpose of this study is to identify the optimal organic farming system in relation to farm income. To cope with the above objectives, present farming conditions and profitability of 15 farmers producing organic products including rice and leaf vegetables as lettuse and cabbage were surveyed in Hongsung and Ahsan Gun, Chungnam Province. Based on the surveyed data, maximization of organic farm income were analyzed under the constrained conditions such as limited monthly labour inputs and competitive use of land by Linear Programming Model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. In the profitability analysis of 15 farmers producing organic products, rice farmers could earn their farm income more than that of conventional farmers by 50%. On the other hand, the controlled lettuce farmers could get more about 100% than that of it. But the controlled cabbage farm could get more about 40% of it. These organic farm products were saled at high prices comparing with the prices of conventional farm products by 170% ~ 230% even though the crop yields produced by organic materials had decreased. 2. According to the labor requirement of the organically produced crops, rice cultivation was needed more labour inputs than the conventional farming method by 130%. On the other hand lettuce and cabbage could saved labour requirement by 40% and 80% of those respectively. Especially for the rice cultivation concern, higher labor requirement was due to the activities as organic fertilization, soil preparation and pest and weed controll, etc. 3. With the surveyed data from farmers who produced farm commodities, L.P. analysis was implemented to find out the optimul farming system and the maximum income. According to the results of L.P. analysis, 58% of total farm income could get more than the conventional farming system In the case of rice cultivation, one ha of paddy was recommendable to save more labour inputs than the controlled leaf vegetables such as lettuse and cabbage. However, in the controlled leaf vegatables, only 73% of total upland equivalent to 0.3 ha should be cultivated under the condition of labor shortage as the restricted 4 workers. And increasing the size of hogs raising should be recommened to achieve self-sufficiency of organic fertilizer. As pointed out the possibility of organic farming, present farmers producing organic farm products could be able to maximize their income by expanding organic farm size with regard to all conditions of our organic industry. Of course, there are many difficulties in the course of developing organic agriculture. So Government should effort to support the development of our organic agriculture considering the various aspects of production, marketing, Quality certification of organic produces.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the raise of cigarette prices by KRW 2,000 at the beginning of 2015 on the change in smoking behavior among male office workers, and to analyze the correlation of various factors including their work behaviors and socio-economic factors with their smoking rate. Methods: In this research, a follow-up observation panel was constituted with 420 smokers as targets from among male office workers at a bank located in Daegu, South Korea. A cross-analysis and ANOVA analysis were carried out in order to examine whether changes in smoking status, amount of smoking, stop-smoking motivation, and reasons for smoking cessation failure after the passage of time since the cigarette price hike were statistically significant. The level of statistical significance was P < 0.05. Results: After the cigarette price hike, among the 420 smokers who were the target of the panel the rate of smoking cessation declined at the time-point of the survey to 15.5%, 12.4%, 8.5%, and 5.7% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. As a result of a follow-up observation of 65 smokers who stopped smoking immediately after the price hike, the actual non-smoking rate declined to 15.5%, 8.3%, 4.4%, and 3.1% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. One (1) year after the cigarette price hike, the non-smoking rate among the 420 smokers reached as low as 3.1% (13 persons). The most important reason for the failure of the attempts to quit smoking was stress for more than 60% of the smokers who attempted to stop. Conclusions: It seems that a powerful anti-smoking policy by the state targeting the nation's workers is necessary. For companies, mediation for workers' job stress can become a strategy for the success of non-smoking attempts. The government seems to require a practical policy to reduce the smoking rate by actively carrying out social, economic, and scientific research to come up with a reduction method for the cigarette hazard, an effective price hike policy, and other non-price policies.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

본 연구의 목적은 도시내 필지 단위의 지가산정과 그 결과의 시각적 표현을 위한 자동화 시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 현재 필지별 공시지가는 건교부의 ALPAS 프로그램으로 매년 산정 되지만, 시스템이 매우 번잡하고, 도시공간분석과 도시계획을 지원하는 기능을 제공하지 못해 개선되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 지가계산을 위해 뉴럴네트워크(Neural Network)이론을 도입하였으며, Matlab 4.0 어플리케이션으로 계산 프로그램을 작성하였다. 계산 결과의 공간표현을 위해 ArcView GIS를 도입하였으며, 두 어플리케이션의 통합은 DDE(Dynamic Data Exchange)방식으로 통합하였다. 이는 Matlab을 서버로 설정하고, ArcView를 클라이언트로 설정함으로써 가능하였다. 사례연구는 진주시를 대상으로 하였으며, ArcView창의 메뉴에서 동명을 선택하면, Matlab에서 해당 동의 네트워크 모형을 구축하고, 필지 속성자료로 네트워크를 교육한다. 그 다음 ArcView 창에 고도제한, 미관지구, 도로 및 공원지정에 의한 지가 변동을 시뮬레이션할 수 있도록 버튼을 추가하여, 자동적으로 계산과 결과의 시각화가 가능한 시스템을 구축하였다. 이 시스템은 부수적인 보완을 거친다면, 도시계획을 지원하기 위한 시스템(Planning Support System)으로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2008

Objectives : The Korean government in January 2006 instigated an exemption policy for hospitalized children under the age of six years old. This study examines how this policy affected the utilization of medical care in Korea. Methods : A total of 1,513,797 claim records from the Health Insurance Review Agency were analyzed by complete enumeration methods. The changes of medical utilization were compared from 2005 to 2006. In addition, the changes of medical utilization between 2004 and 2005 were compared as a pseudo-control group. Results : The admission rate increased 1.14-fold from 15.20% in 2004 to 17.32% in 2005, and this further increased 1.08-fold to 18.65% in 2006. The increase of patients with a common cold (1.2-fold) was higher than that of both the general patients (1.08-fold) and the patients, with the top 10 fatal diseases (0.91-fold). The average length of stay per case for clinics showed the highest increase rates (1.06-fold). The rates of patients with the common cold showed a higher increase (1.05-fold) than that of the general patients. The average medical expense per case was increased by 1.10-fold from 2005 to 2006, which was higher than that from 2004 to 2005 (1.04-fold). The increase rate for patients with the common cold was higher at 1.18-fold than that of the general patients. Conclusions : The cost exemption policy has especially led to an increase in the utilization of clinics and the utilization by patients with a common cold.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1980

A dietary survey of 100 children, aged 5 to 6, of Y.C. Kindergarten located in Yowido apartment compound of Seoul, was conducted July 18 to August 21, 1979. The results are summarized as follows: General family environment: Ninety four percent of the subjects were from families having two to three children, without grandparents in the home. One hundred percent of fathers were educated at or above the college level, while 83.9% of mothers had completed college. Mothers' ages ranged from 30 to 40 years, with 58% in the $31{\sim}35$ age bracket. Nearly 60% of the fathers were office and government employees, 10% were professors and teachers, 30% were engaged in businesses and other work, while 91.3% of mothers were unemployed. Anthropometric measurements: Mean values of standing height, body weight, girth of head and girth of chest, ranged from the 75th to the 90th percentile of Korean standards. None of the subjects had anthropometric indicators below the 5th percentile, representing the malnutrition borderline, of the Korean standards; while 12%, 24%, 17% and 14% of subjects supposed the 97th percentile in standing height, body weight, girth of head, and girth of chest, respectively. Furthermore, 58% of subjects exceeded Jelliffe's standard in arm circumferences; 60%, in triceps skinfold thickness; and 14.5% of subjects exceeded 120% of the latter standard. From this data, a certain number of these children were judged to he rather overweight. Dietary intake: Mean intake per day of energy and of nutrients, excluding iron, reached or exceeded Korean recommended dietary allowances. The energy input ratio of carbohydrate: protein: fat was 61.4 : 13.2 : 25.4, showing lower dependance on carbohydrates and higher dependance on fat for energy needs, compared with the average for Korean children of the same age group. Mean FAO-protein score of each subject's diet was shown to be as high as 90.6. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch, and evening meal, on the average, in a ratio of 19.6 : 24.1 : 23.0. Approximately 33.3% of the daily caloric intake came from the snacks. Nutrition Knowledge of mothers: Nutrition knowledge of mothers was highly scored. Mothers' self-evaluations of their knowledge of nutrition was highly correlated with attitudes toward nutrition behavior.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2012

After the rapidly changing business management environment and financial crisis, high prices and domestic recession in Korea posed threats to the business survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper looks at the potential of micro business owners for sustainable development: those who have a spirit of entrepreneurship and the potential to be a hidden champion. Our study of micro business values uses structure equation modeling by LISREL. We have done so in order to understand the foundation of management innovation and success model of micro enterprise by increasing the entrepreneurship and management performance relationship analysis. A micro-enterprise is a type of small business, found only in Korea, often registered as having ten or fewer employees. We examine the successful type of hidden champions and the influence of entrepreneurship on start-ups in business. As compared to past research on the SME entrepreneurship, this study segments small businesses even further. Small business entrepreneurship was classified into three forms that are most appropriate for the Korean situation today: innovation, risk-taking, and pro-activeness. This research is meaningful as it is Korea's first empirical analysis on four business types: wholesale and retail sales, food and lodging business, service business, and manufacturing business. Thus far, research on small business entrepreneurship was carried out using small-scale investigative analysis. However, this research attempted to develop a model that can explain a cause-effect relation of the motivational level when it comes to the difference of entrepreneurship by each business type and small business start-up success factors. Various conceptual and operational definitions could be developed in a diverse and precise manner. Independent variables that are related to the success of small businesses can be developed additionally to examine the success factors related to the systematization in detailed manner. The research showed that the innovation, risk-taking and pro-activeness of the manifested difference in the degree of perception depending on the type of small businesses. Among the four business types, the ones that manifested the highest successful start-up rates were food, service, wholesale and retail sales and manufacturing. Results after conducting the regression analysis are shown on, which proves that the small business entrepreneurship exerts direct effect on the financial management performance of small businesses. In other words, small business entrepreneurship exerts a positive effect on the small business financial success and management performance. The R² value is 0.61. It is possible to know that the perception of systematization and variables on attitude explains the 61% of the success for small self-employed businesses management performance. We define start-up key factors that are helpful to achieve internal growth of firms by finding business survival strategies. The results also focus on Korean government policy for micro enterprise and small business support.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2016

쾌적한 주거환경과 지속가능한 정주환경을 구축하기 위한 일환으로 본 연구는 음식물쓰레기의 감량화와 자원화를 일선에서 수행하는 전국의 각 기초자치단체들의 음식물쓰레기 관리실태를 특별 광역시와 도 단위 자치단체들로 구분하여 파악하고자 한다. 제도적 변화에 따라 음식물쓰레기의 처리에서 지자체의 책임과 역할이 증대됨에 따라 본 연구에서는 전국 지자체의 음식물쓰레기 관리를 담당하고 있는 공무원을 대상으로 음식물쓰레기 관련 행정, 음식물쓰레기의 수거 운반 처리실태, 음식물쓰레기 관련 민원에 대한 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 회수율 24.4%를 보였으며, 응답 설문지는 SPSS 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 음식물쓰레기 관련 행정업무는 배출, 수거, 처리가 가장 중요하였고, 연간 예산규모는 특별 광역시 지자체(35억원)가 도 단위 지자체(22억원) 보다 1.5배 더 많았고, 그 지출은 특별 광역시 지자체의 경우, 인건비, 도 단위 지자체의 경우, 수거 운반비가 가장 컸다. 음식물쓰레기의 가장 큰 배출원은 주택이었으며, 음식물쓰레기는 차량수거 운반방식에 의한 퇴비 사료 중심의 재활용 처리가 가장 보편적이었고, 현행 음식물쓰레기의 수거 운반 처리과정에 개선이 필요하며, 특히 매립과 소각 처리 비율이 비교적 높은 도 단위 지자체에서 개선의향이 높았다. 음식물쓰레기 발생 저감을 위한 효과적인 방안으로 특별 광역시 지자체는 음식물쓰레기 처리시설 확보와 신기술 개발, 도 단위 지자체에서는 정책적 제도 마련을 손꼽았다. 민원 발생 건수는 특별 광역시 지자체(1.4건/일)가 도 단위 지자체(0.5건/일) 보다 2.7배 많았고, 민원은 주로 주택지역에서 발생하였으며, 민원내용은 주로 음식물쓰레기 배출 및 수거장소, 수거 서비스, 수거차량에 관한 불만이었다. 이러한 결과는 향후 음식물쓰레기의 대량 배출원인 주택단지에서 바로 자원화할 수 있는 기술개발과 실용화하는 음식물쓰레기 무배출 시스템 구축의 필요성을 시사한다.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.179-211
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• 1982

Many problems which today's research libraries are confronted with should be taken the measures to find some solutions in any ways. The purpose of this study is to identify the main stream of chaining of research libraries as an existing collector and distributor of scholarly information into a communication system adopting the concept of resource sharing and on-line bibliographic search as some possible ways for solutions. The conclusions of this study can be summarized as follows: 1) The research libraries will be imposed on more and more responsibilities to be a reservoir of the intellectual heritage of an individual, a nation and mankind. 2) The research libraries in the near future will have to develop their collections in the new environment of austerity with the limited budget. 3) It is more desirable for the future research libraries to have the attitude that they are in the business of information and communication rather than being an entity as "a library". 4) The resource sharing developed to solve the severe problems confrontal by research libraries will improve the organizational and technical mechanism for the access to the scholarly information. 5) The research libraries will produce more and more bibliographic database to expand the library materials which can be available and shared. 6) Though on-line search service will be sure to provide a considerable profit to the scholarly information users, it will take a long time for this service to be popularize because of the high ratio of service fee. 7) Two problems should be solved for the efficient service by on-line search. One is the continuous, updating training for the professional librarians. The other is that the common efforts for the quality control and standardization of data base by the data base producers should be made. 8) Taking all the items of the conclusions derived from the study of research libraries mainly in the United States into a consideration, the followings should be paid an attention. - The status-quo of the research libraries in Korea should be analyzed in very detailed and accurate way. - The problems of research libraries in Korea as the major scholarly communication system should be clarified based on the analysis. - The measures for the problems should be taken in the light of the unique characteristics of korean environment. - For the developing the most efficient measures, the formal organize action to lead and govern the long-aimed study on the problems of research libraries should be established and the government-level su n.0, pport for the legislation and finance should be provided for the realization of the result of the study.