• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the nature of controlling shareholders and corporate anti-corruption practice disclosure (ACPD) as well as the mediating role of political background of the chairman or CEO of the firm on the relationship between the two. The content analysis was conducted to extract ACPD from standalone corporate social responsibility reports (CSRR) of 703 China's A-share listed companies. A dummy variable was constructed according to whether a firm disclosed ACPD or not. Logistic regression analysis was used then. Results show that the nature of controlling shareholders has a significant impact on corporate ACPD, with central enterprises disclosing the most frequently, local state-owned enterprises the second and private enterprises the least. Political background of the chairman or CEO has a negative impact on corporate ACPD of state-owned enterprises. These findings have some useful insights in understanding the rent-seeking behavior and information disclosure behavior of corporates in emerging markets. In order to curb the serious corruption problem which is commonplace in developing countries like China, the government should exert certain pressure to strengthen the supervision of information disclosure of listed firms and improve information transparency.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.573-581
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• 2021

The current study analyzed the impacts of fiscal decentralization (FD) on the economic stability of Pakistan. This study used time series data from 1981 to 2017. The collected data was first passed through the unit root analysis. ARDL estimation techniques were employed to scrutinize the data where long-run associations were tested through Wald F-statistics. The long-run estimates were extracted by applying Ordinary Least Square, and error correction mechanisms were employed to find the speed of adjustment for disequilibria between the long and the short run. Wald F-statistics confirmed the existence of long-run cointegration. Long-run elasticities suggested that fiscal decentralization because of limited institutional capabilities of provincial governments failed in bringing stability in the economy of Pakistan. Similarly, transparency issues and misspecification of projects hinder the outcome of investment to stabilize the economy. High service payments on debt cut the amount that can be used for skills improvements and destabilize the economy. High Population growth puts pressure on infrastructure and reduces production capacity, ultimately destabilizing the economy by increasing unemployment and inflation. Based on these findings, the government is suggested to improve the institutional capacity of lower governments for the desired outcome of power devolution.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide hospital management diagnosis status and basic data required for the future development of hospital management diagnosis program. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey on administrative staff of manager level or over of medical institutions in B metropolitan city. Results: As a result of analyzing the relative influence of the needs by hospital management diagnosis indicator, the effect of financial analysis indicator, patient treatment record indicator and medical revenues indicator were high in the medical institutions with number of beds of 100 beds or over and general hospital level or over both on a hospital level and on an individual level. Conclusions: Since the existing laws or systems are centered on large major hospitals, the management environment is very unfavorable for small and medium hospitals as can be seen from the results of this study. Therefore, the government should improve the transparency and rationality of the hospital management environment in Korea through regulation and system reforms that can be applied to all medical institutions.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between country-level institutional quality and public debt in the context of Pakistan. The hypotheses of this study were assessed by using the country-level institutional quality data for Pakistan throughout the years from 1996 to 2018. Data came from the World Databank, IMF and Worldwide Governance Indicators databases. For the analysis, ordinary least square, quantile regression and robust regression were employed to assess the factors influencing the public debt. The results of this study indicate that the factors of voice and accountability, regulatory quality, and control of corruption have a positive and significant relationship with public debt, while political stability, government effectiveness, and the rule of law have a negative and significant effect on public debt. Based on the findings, a weak country-level institutional quality poses a substantial market risk as it signals the existence of an unfavorable economic condition that raises public debt. It was also revealed that an improved performance of country-level institutional quality can lead to the improvement of financial market transparency, hence reduce public debt. In contrast to previous studies, the present study will be breaking ground in enhancing public insight regarding the impact of country-level institutional quality on Pakistan's public debt.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.115-143
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to expand the taxpayer's rights protections, which are covered in the previous studies, and to suggest ways to increase tax inspection efficiency as a way to induce fidelity reporting under the final tax return system and to lower tax compliance costs. Design/methodology/approach - The tax audit is a necessary system for the taxpayer to induce self-reporting in a sincere manner, but it is necessary to harmonize the realization of fair taxation and the rights of taxpayers because it is likely to infringe taxpayer rights in the process. Research implications or Originality - The purpose of this study is as follows. First, the government will seek ways to improve tax investigations to strengthen the protection of taxpayers' rights by increasing the fairness and procedural transparency of the current tax investigation system, as pointed out in the National Tax Administration Reform T / F. Second, we will consider ways to enhance the effectiveness of tax audit as a means of inducing faithful tax in Korea's tax system, which assumes sincere taxpayers.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.587-608
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• 2022

The European Union recently established the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) for secure data use and personal information protection. Inspired by this, South Korea revised their Personal Information Protection Act, the Act on Promotion of Information and Communications Network Utilization and Information Protection, and the Credit Information Use and Protection Act, collectively known as the "Three Data Bills," which prescribe safe personal information use based on pseudonymous data processing. Based on these bills, the personal data store (PDS) has received attention because it utilizes the MyData service, which actively manages and controls personal information based on the approval of individuals, and it practically ensures their rights to informational self-determination. Various types of PDS models have been developed by several countries (e.g., the US, Europe, and Japan) and global platform firms. The South Korean government has now initiated MyData service projects for personal information use in the financial field, focusing on personal credit information management. There is also a need to verify the efficacy of this service in diverse fields (e.g., medical). However, despite the increased attention, existing MyData models and frameworks do not satisfy security requirements of ensured traceability, transparency, and distributed authentication for personal information use. This study analyzes primary PDS models and compares them to an internationally standardized framework for personal information security with guidelines on MyData so that a proper PDS model can be proposed for South Korea.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.91-97
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• 2023

Purpose: Interim financial statements provide timely and qualified financial information for users. Hence, the importance of the interim financial statement is increasingly noticeable among information users. This research studies determinants of interim financial statements disclosure in Vietnamese-listed enterprises. Research design, data and methodology: The sample is 55 enterprises listed in VNIndex and is in the list of Forbes top 100 largest companies in 2020. Data was collected from interim financial statements for four years, from 2018 to 2021. GMM is used in this study. Results: The regression analysis results show that reporting lag has a positive impact on the level of information distribution of interim financial reporting; companies audited by BIG4 tend to have a higher level of information disclosure. The higher the return on assets, the more disclosure is made; the larger the company size, the greater the disclosure level. Owner equity structure and Leverage do not affect the disclosure level of interim financial reporting. Conclusions: The information disclosure level on the interim financial statement should be improved to increase transparency. In addition to continuing to encourage these companies to provide more information voluntarily, government authorities should have effective regulations to require sufficient information disclosure from other listed companies.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.71-86
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• 2023

The rapid change in industry and the technological gap give rise to social demand for upskilling and reskilling and spread of alternative education. Against this backdrop, digital certification and career management tools can be used to manage various types of learning activities comprehensively. Digital badges provide various kinds of history information related to individual learning, and the reliability and transparency of the issued information can be strengthened by applying blockchain technology. There have been various discussions about digital badges for a long time, but due to the lack of standards to support the issuance and distribution of digital badges, they have been partially used in some areas. However, interest in digital badges is increasing due to the development of related technologies, establishment of standards, paradigm changes in higher education, and government policies related to nurturing digital talent. This paper deals with the use of digital badges for efficient and transparent learning management and career management in an online learning environment. The researcher analyzes the technical characteristics and use cases of digital badges, and proposes a plan for use in online higher education based on them.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2024

Through the coronavirus pandemic, research on the use and advancement of blockchain-based decentralized identity authentication (Decentralized ID) technology is being actively conducted in various fields, centered on the central government, local governments, and private businesses. In this paper, we introduce the results of development based on Hyperledger Fabric to change the existing central server-based identity authentication to a decentralized one. These development results can strengthen the security and transparency of identity authentication systems for commercial purposes and provide stable services for user ID issuance, inquiry, and disposal. In addition, the decentralized identity authentication system verified performance results of DID creation of 262,000 rps and DID inquiry of 1,850 rps, DID VP creation of 200 rps, and DID VP inquiry of 220 rps or less through public authentication.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.81-82
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• 2024

Urban air mobility (UAM) is emerging as an innovative transportation solution for cities. However, the potential noise impact on urban life must be carefully examined. Continuous exposure to UAM noise, with its unique frequency characteristics and temporal variability, may adversely affect citizens' health by causing sleep disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairmenet, particularly in children. NASA has formed a UAM Noise Working Group to study this issue comprehensively. In Korea, the Seoul Metropolitan Government's UAM demonstration project is expected to accelerate related research and development. Scientific analysis, including noise measurement, prediction modeling, and health impact assessment, must be prioritized. Measures to minimize noise should be established based on this evidence, such as optimizing flight modes, developing noise reduction technologies, and establishing new noise management standards. Transparency and social consensus are crucial throughout this process. Expert review and open communication with civil society are necessary to address related concerns. Sharing demonstration project results and providing opportunities to experience UAM noise through digital twin simulations can help address public concerns and build social consensus. Proactively and scientifically tackling noise issues is essential for the sustainable development and successful integration of UAM into daily life.