• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.150-155
• /
• 2017

To obtain the Goss texture, {110}<001>, IF steel sheets were asymmetrically rolled by 50-89% reduction in the thickness at room temperature and subsequently annealed at 200, 900, and $1200^{\circ}C$ in a box furnace under air atmosphere. The asymmetrically rolled specimens and annealed specimens show well-developed Goss texture, {110}<001>. After the IF steel sheets were asymmetrically rolled at room temperature and subsequently annealed at $900^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in a box furnace under air atmosphere, the intensity of the Goss texture, {110}<001> was high in the IF steel sheets.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.27-36
• /
• 2020

The Goss texture component of {110}<001> is well known as one of the best texture components to improve the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheets. The small amount of the Goss texture component is obtained at the surface of the steel sheet by shear deformation due to friction between the steel sheet and the roll during conventional symmetric rolling. This study aims to identify a method to obtain high intensity of the Goss texture component not only at the surface but in the whole layer of the steel sheet by shear deformation of asymmetric rolling. Low carbon steel sheets, which have different initial texture, were asymmetrically rolled by about 50%, 70%, and 80%. The pole figures of the top, center, and bottom layers of the initial and asymmetrically rolled low carbon steel sheets were measured by an X-ray diffractometer. Based on the measured pole figures of these samples, the intensities of the main texture components were analyzed for the initial and asymmetrically rolled low carbon steel sheets. As a result, the initial low carbon steel sheet with the γ-fiber component showed a higher intensity of the Goss texture component in the whole layer than the steel sheet with other texture components after asymmetric rolling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2018

Grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are mainly used as core materials for transformers and motors. They should have excellent magnetic properties such as low core loss, high magnetic flux density and high permeability. In order to improve the magnetic properties of the electrical steel sheet, it is important to form Goss oriented grains with a very strong {110}<001> orientation. Recently, efforts have been made to develop Goss grains by controlling processes such as hot rolling, cold rolling, and primary and secondary recrystallization. In this study, the sheets containing 3.2 and 3.4wt.% Si were used, which were rolled with 1 and 10 passes with total thickness reduction of 89%. Heating was carried out for primary recrystallization with different heating rates of $25^{\circ}C/s$ and $24^{\circ}C/min$ until $720^{\circ}C$. The behavior of Goss-, {411}<148>-, and {111}<112>-oriented grains were analyzed using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron back-scatter diffraction(EBSD) analysis. The area fraction of Goss-oriented grains increased with the number of rolling passes during cold rolling; however, after the primary recrystallization, the area fraction of the Goss grains was higher and exact Goss grains were found in the specimens subjected to rapid heating after one rolling pass.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.341-341
• /
• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1997.03a
• /
• pp.85-88
• /
• 1997

The effect of lubrication on the evolution of the cold rolling texture in low carbon steels was studied by X-ray texture measurement. The cold rolling texture was inhomogeneous through the thickness of the rolling sheet. The type and sharpness of the texture through the thickness and the degree of inhomogeneity were found to be dependent on the friction acting between rolls and the rolled materials. The degree of the through thickness inhomogeneities was higher in the specimen rolled without lubrication. The friction acting on the roll surface led to the formation of the Goss-Orientation in the rolling texture.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.58 no.4
• /
• pp.677-687
• /
• 2016

On the basis of the energy approach it is reported a development of the yield function and the constitutive equations for the orthotropic material with consideration of the crystal lattice constants and parameters of the crystallographic texture for the general stress state. For practical use in sheet metal forming analysis it is considered different loading scenarios: plane stress and plane strain states. Using the proposed yield function, the influence of single ideal components on the shape of yield surface was analyzed. The six texture components investigated here were cube, Goss, copper, brass, S and rotated cube, as these components are typically observed in rolled sheets from FCC alloys.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2004.08a
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2004

Asymmetric rolling, in which the circumferential velocities of the upper and lower rolls are different, can give rise to intense plastic shear strains and in turn shear deformation textures through the sheet thickness. The ideal shear deformation texture of fcc metals can be approximated by the <111> // ND and $\{001\}<110>$ orientations, among which the former improves the deep drawability. The ideal shear deformation texture for bcc metals can be approximated by the Goss $\{110\}<001>\;and\;\{112\}<111>$ orientations, among which the former improves the magnetic permeability along the <100> directions and is the prime orientation in grain oriented silicon steels. The intense shear strains can result in the grain refinement and hence improve mechanical properties. Steel sheets, especially ferritic stainless steel sheets, and aluminum alloy sheets may exhibit an undesirable surface roughening known as ridging or roping, when elongated along RD and TD, respectively. The ridging or roping is caused by differently oriented colonies, which are resulted from the <100> oriented columnar structure in ingots or billets, especially for ferritic stainless steels, that is not easily destroyed by the conventional rolling. The breakdown of columnar structure and the grain refinement can be achieved by asymmetric rolling, resulting in a decrease in the ridging problem.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2001

We investigated to DC magnetic characteristics, the dependence of annealing temperature on the crystal grain and the crystalline orientation for grain-oriented silicon ribbon with 100 $\mu\textrm{m}$ final thickness manufactured by three times cold rolling method using the hot-rolled silicon steel plate as a raw material. The growth of (110)[001] Goss texture were almost observed in the whole area of the sample. The values of the saturation magnetic flux density B$\sub$s/ and the average ${\alpha}$ angle have 1.9 T and 4.6 degrees respectively. From this result we could be confirmed that the three times cold rolling method has a possibility of manufacture for oriented ultra-thin silicon ribbons much more simple and cheeper than the existing oriented silicon steel manufacturing method by means of more simplified producing process.