• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.398-403
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• 1996

저식염 멸치젓을 속성으로 제조하기 위하여 Asp. oryzae와 Bacillus sp. 코오지를 첨가하여 60일 숙성시킨 멸치젓의 정미 성분과 색도 및 기호성을 비교 검토하였다. 60일 숙성시킨 멸치젓의 주요 유리 아미노산은 발린, 이소루신, 프롤린, 알아닌, 리신, 글루탐산, 아스파르트산이었다. 코오지균을 첨가하지 않은 대조구에서 총 유리 아미노산 함량은 262mg%로 가장 높았고 함량은 Asp. oryzae 코오지 첨가구에서 높았다. 멸치젓 숙성 후 비휘발성 유기산은 구연산과 젖산이 cd 비휘발성 유기산중 94.9~96.7%로 대부분을 차지하였고 유기산 함량은 코오지 첨가구에서 높아 Asp. oryzae 코오지에서 287.98mg%로 가장 높았다. 멸치젓의 색도는 숙성 중 a, b값은 나아지고 L값은 숙성 30~40일까지 낮아지나 이후 높아졌으며, a와 b값은 Asp. oryzae 코오지 첨가구가, L값은 Bacillus sp. 코오지 첨가구에서 높았다. 60일 숙성시킨 멸치젓의 관능평가시 색과 맛은 Asp. oryzae 코오지 첨가구, 향은 Asp. oryzae와 Bacillus sp. 코오지 혼합구에서 양호하였으며 전체적인 관능치는 혼합구와 Asp. oryzae 코오지구에서 좋은 판정을 받았다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2014

Objective : The aim of this study is to analyze medicinal herbs, the ingredients of traditional Korean liquor, focusing on efficacy in the traditional Korean medicine. Through this study, for vitalizing traditional Korean liquor market, the researchers attempt to explain the superiority of traditional Korean liquor and the advantages of using herbs to brew alcoholic beverages. Method : We conducted a research targeting traditional Korean liquors in domestic market from July through september 2012, and finally 70 kinds of liquor were selected and analyzed. Results : Among traditional liquors, fermented liquors are most common. When comparing regions of brewery, the central region of Korea, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheongnam-do, is major brew area. 37 liquors contain just one medicinal herb. followed 10 liquors contain two medicinal herbs. The most frequently used medicinal herb is Ginseng Radix. And Lycii Fructus, Schisandrae Fructus, Angelicae Gigantis Radix and Chrysanthemi Indici Flos are well used medicinal herbs to brew traditional liquors. In the classification of efficacy of medicinal herbs, tonifying and replenishing medicinal herbs are most popular as ingredients in the traditional alcohols, astringent medicinal herbs, exterior releasing medicinal herbs and heat clearing medicinal herbs are also frequently used. Investigation of tastes and properties of the herbs, it reached a conclusion as below: sweet taste is most common, followed by sour taste and bitter taste. Warm property is account for 50% approximately, followed by cold property. Conclusion : Medicinal herbs have been widely used in the traditional Korean liquor. It came out into the open that the liquor with medicinal herbs is very good for our body in terms of longevity and invigoration. However, liquor consumers concern about not only the efficacy but also the taste, scent and color. Therefore, further study about these things would be required to demonstrate the superiority of the traditional Korean liquor.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.409-420
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• 1996

Consumer's perceptions of the qualities of food and food-related services were surveyed through questionnaires by 672 adults randomly selected from 20 industrial foodservice in Pusan and Kyeung Nam area. The results are as follows: 1) By age, the elderly group gaved the highest mean score not only for freshness and temperature among the food characteristics but also for cleanliness of dishes and materials of dishes among the food-related service. 2) By occupation, the white collar worker group gaved the highest mean score in all characteristics of food and food-related service than did the blue collar worker group. Especially for courtesy of employees, the mean rating given by the white collar worker group was 3.15/5.00, but by the blue collar worker group was 2.67/5.00. 3) Good appetitive group rated taste of food 3.15/5.00, quality of food vs. food price 3.17/5.00, and freshness 3.15/5.00. But poor appetitive group rated taste of food 2.44/5.00, quality of food vs. food price 2.65/5.00, and freshness 2.70/5.00. 4) Men agreed that the rice and soup were right in amount. And women responded that the rice was in a large amount and the soup was not enough. 5) The white collar worker group agreed that the rice, the soup, the side dish, and the kimchi were right in amount. However the blue collar worker group agreed that the rice was right in amount, the soup and the side dish were not enough, and the kimchi was in a large amount. For seasoning of food, the white collar worker group responded that the salty taste and the hotness were just right. But the blue collar worker group responded that the food was neither salty nor hot at all. 6) The taste of food was shown to be positively correlated (p<0.001) with various food item combinations, freshness of food, and the variety of cooking methods.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1617-1621
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• 2007

전주지역에서 김장시기에 수거한 김치의 미생물 조성과 관능성적간의 상관성을 조사하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 김치는 21 표본 중 11 표본에서 L. mesenteroides가 $8.31{\sim}11.27log\;CFU/g$의 범위에서 지배균으로, 16 표본에서 L. sakei가 $7.97{\sim}10.57log\;CFU/g$의 범위에서 차지배균으로 나타났다. 김치의 관능성적은 총균수, 지배균수, 차지배균수, 균종수 등 계량적 특성에는 유의적 상관성이 없었다. 가장 맛이 좋은 김치 3종은 모두 지배균이 L. mesenteroides, 차지배균은 L. sakei인데 비해 가장 맛이 없는 김치 3종은 지배균에 L. sakei가 많아 김치의 맛은 주요 미생물의 균종의 조합과 관련이 있었다. 효모는 8표본에서 $3.80{\sim}4.6log\;CFU/g$의 범위로 검출되었으며 모두 Saccharomyces servazzii로 동정되었다. 곰팡이는 전혀 검출되지 않았다. 효모 균수와 김치의 관능성적은 유의적 상관성이 없었다.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.362-369
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• 2011

본 연구는 식품소재로서의 활용가능성이 높고 생리활성 효과가 우수한 황기분말을 농도별로 첨가(0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%)하여 어묵을 제조하고 품질특성을 측정하였다. 수분함량은 황기분말의 첨가여부에 관계없이 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으며 pH는 전체적으로 6.75-6.86의 범위를 나타내었다. L값은 황기분말의 첨가량 증가에 따라 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 a값은 높아지고 b값은 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 황기분말 첨가 어묵의 절곡 검사 결과는 모든 시료에서 AA로 측정되어 황기분말의 첨가가 어묵의 유연성에 영향을 미치지 않았으며 기계적 조직감 중 강도(strength)는 황기분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높아지는 경향을 나타내었고 검성(gumminess), 응집성 (cohesiveness), 파쇄성(brittleness)은 황기분말 2.0% 첨가구가 가장 높게 측정되었다. 황기분말 첨가 어묵의 관능적특성 중 생선 비린내 정도(fishy smell)는 황기분말의 첨가량 증가에 따라 강도의 정도가 약해졌으며 구수한 냄새의 정도(savory smell)는 황기분말 1.0% 첨가구가 가장 높은 점수를 보였다. 구수한 맛의 정도(savory taste)는 황기분말 1.0% 첨가구가 6.27로 가장 높은 점수를 나타내었으며 느끼한 맛의 정도(oily taste)는 황기분말 첨가량의 증가에 따라 약해지는 것으로 평가되었다. 황기맛의 정도(Astragalus membranaceus taste)는 황기냄새의 정도와 마찬가지로 황기분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 강하게 평가되었으며 관능적 조직감의 정도는 각 시료간 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 관능적 선호도 평가결과, 황기분말 1% 첨가구가 냄새, 맛, 조직감, 전반적인 선호도 항목에서 가장 우수함을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.907-914
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• 1996

게껍질 분말(CSP: crab shell powder)이 배추김치의 보존성과 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. CSP를 그대로 김치 양념과 혼합하여 담근 경우는 비린맛과 입자가 씹히는 등으로 종합적인 품질을 떨어뜨렸으며, 숙성 초기에 pH가 급상승하였다. 이러한 문제점을 보완하기 위하여 CSP를 부직포주머니 (CSPB: crab shell powder in bag)에 넣어 보완실험을 하였다. CSPB는 담금용기 바닥에 위치시켰으며 첨가비율은 절임배추량에 대하여 1, 3, 5%로 하여, $10^{\circ}C에서$ 30일간 숙성시키면서 pH, 산도, 색상(L, a, b),총 균수와 젖산균수, 텍스쳐, 관능검사를 행하였다. 그 결과 숙성 전기간을 통하여 CSPB를 넣은 김치에서 pH가 높게 유지되었으며, 대조군은 숙성 15일에 pH가 4.0이하로 떨어졌으나 CSPB를 넣은 것은 숙성 20일에도 pH가 4.0 이상으로 유지되었고, 산도도 패조군에 비하여 낮게 유지되었다. 경도 역시 CSPB를 넣은 김치에서 높게 유지되었으며 , 1%<3%<5% 순으로 CSP 첨가량이 높을수록 높게 유지되었고, L, a, b값 및 젖산균수도 첨가한 경우가 높았다. 관능검사 결과 대조군은 숙성 20일에 강한 신맛이 있는 것으로 평가되었으나, CSPB를 넣은 김치는 숙성 20일에도 신맛은 보통 수준, 아삭아삭한 맛은 보통 이상, 종합적인 맛이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다. CSP의 적정 첨가율은 3% 수준으로 이 경우 숙성 30일에도 나쁘지 않은 맛을 유지하였다. 그러나 5%를 첨가한 경우는 담금 초기부터 젓갈을 많이 넣은 듯한 비린맛이 강했다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 CSPB의 첨가는 김치의 젖산발효는 무첨가 경우보다 더욱 활발하면서 신맛을 줄여 종합적인 품질이 양호한 것으로 평가되었다.한 반면, 솔잎즙 첨가구에서는 숙성 5~9일에 최고 수준에 도달한 뒤 서서히 감소하거나 일정 수준을 유지 하였다. A군과는 달리 B군의 솔잎즙 첨가구의 젖산균수는 숙성 초기부터 증가하여 숙성 7일에 최고 수준에 도달한 후 서서히 감소하였다. 숙성 온도와 관계없이 솔잎즙 첨가 수준이 증가할수록 총 균수와 젖산균수는 감소하였다. 이상의 실험 결과들은 솔잎즙이 pH의 저하를 지연시키고 미생물의 생육을 억제함으로써 김치의 발효숙성을 지연시키는 효과를 나타내 보이고 있다.. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 경관급식 환자들에 대해 경관급식기간을 고려하고, 식이처방 및 유동식의 종류에 적합한 튜브를 선택해야하며, 적절한 투여용량을 결정하는 등 투여방법과 투여경로에 대한 보다 많은 연구가 필요하다고 본다. 특히 경관급식 초기단계에는 질병으로 인한 체내 신진대사의 증가나 육체적, 정신적 스트레스, 또는 구토나 설사 등의 부적응 등으로 적절한 영양섭취가 어려운 상태이므로 영양판정을 통하여 영양소 요구량을 계획하여 유동식을 보급함으로서 부작용은 줄이며 적절한 영양을 공급하여 영양 결핍에 대처하여야 한다.덕은 16종(種), 재배(栽培)더덕은 18종(種)이었고, 재배지(栽培地)에서 야생(野生) 더덕은 14종(種), 재배(栽培)더덕은 20(種)이었다. 9. Trans-2-hexanol은 야생(野生)더덕의 자생지(自生地) 재배(栽培)에서 피이크 면적(面積) 당(當) 50.3%, 재배지(栽培地)에서 피이크 면적(面積) 당(當) 43.3%를 보였으며 amylalcohol, furfuryl acetate, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol(MVP)는 재배(栽培)더덕에서만 확인(確認)되었다.는 KI, BMI와 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 보였고 (p<0.01), HCL-C은 비체중, BMI, LBM, TBM와 유의적인 음의

• 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품저장유통학회 2002년도 창립 10주년 기념 국제학술심포지움
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• pp.54-63
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• 2002

Post-harvest technology for rice was focused on in-bin drying system, which consists of about 100, 000 facilities in 1980s. The modernized Rice Processing Complex (RPC) and Drying Storage Center (DSC) became popular for rice dry, storage, process and distribution from 1990s. However, the percentage of artificial drying for rice is 48% (2001) and the ability of bulk storage is about 15%. Therefore it is necessary to build enough drying and bulk storage facilities. The definition of high quality rice is to satisfy both good appearance and good taste. The index for good taste in rice is a below 7% of protein, 17-20% of amylose, 15.5-16.5% of moisture contents and high concentration of Mg and K. To obtain a high quality rice, it is absolutely needed to integrate high technologies including breeding program, cropping methods, harvesting time, drying, storing and processing methodologies. Generally, consumers prefer to rice retaining below b value of 5 in colorimetry, and the whiteness, the hardness and the moisture contents of rice are in order of consumer preference in rice quality. By selection of rice cultivars according to acceptable quality, the periods between harvesting time and drying reduced up to about 20 days. Therefore it is necessary to develop a low temperature grain drying system in order to (1) increase the rate of artificial rice drying up to 85%, (2) keep the drying temperature of below 45C, (3) maintain high quality in rice and (4) save energy consumption. Bulk storage facilities with low temperature storage system (7-15C) for rice using grain cooler should be built to reduce labor for handling and transportation and to keep a quality of rice. In the cooled rice, there is no loss of grain quality due to respiration, insect and microorganism, which results in high quality rice containing 16% of moisture contents all year round. In addition, introducing a low temperature milling system reduced the percentage of broken rice to 2% and increased the percentage of head rice to 3% because of proper hardness of grain. It has been noted that the broken rice and cracking reduced significantly by using low pressure milling and wet milling. Our mission for improving rice market competitiveness goes to (1) produce environment friendly, functional rice cultivars, (2) establish a grade standard of rice quality, (3) breed a new cultivar for consumer oriented and (4) extend the period of storage and shelf life of rice during postharvest.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.556-559
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• 2009

"홍소"는 국립원예특작과학원에서 1989년 "양광"에 "홍로"를 인공교배 하여 얻은 실생 중 유망한 계통을 2002년 1차 선발하여 2003년부터 2006년까지 4년간 '원교 가-30호'로 군위, 춘천 등 5개 지역에서 적응시험을 거쳐 2006년에 최종 선발하였다. 과실의 적숙기는 9월 상순으로 "홍로"와 비슷하다. 과형은 원원추형, 과피색은 선홍색, 바탕색은 녹황색, 과육색은 백색이다. 과실크기는 295 g으로 중 대과종이며 가용성고형물 함량은 $14.3^{\circ}Brix$, 산 함량은 0.34%로 "홍로"에 비해 산도가 높으며 당산미가 조화되어 식미가 우수하였다. 수자는 반개장성이고 수세는 약한 편이고, 조기결실성이며 새가지 생장이 적고 단과지형이나 액화 결실이 적어서 생력형 밀식재배 품종으로 유망하였다. 점무늬낙엽병에는 강하고 동녹 발생이 비교적 많은 편이며, 특히, 주요 재배품종과의 교배 친화성이 높다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.544-557
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• 2010

This study was performed with Korean adults to investigate Makgeolli drinking behavior, preference, and perception about Makgeolli and health, as well as Makgeolli complaints and prices. A survey questionnaire was formulated to obtain information on demographic variables, drinking habits, and perceptions about Makgeolli's function, price, and complaints. The questionnaire was distributed to 468 adults living in the capital area. The results are as follows. Makgeolli (16.1%) was third preferred, following Soju (45.1%) and beer (30.7%), and no significant differences were observed by gender and income, but the preference for Makgeolli increased with increasing age (p<0.001). According to the survey, the largest reason both genders drank Makgeolli was that it tastes good. Men preferred Makgeolli for its health effects and cheap price, while women preferred it for the atmosphere while drinking it. Also, older people and those with higher incomes preferred drinking Makgeolli for its health effect rather than its good taste (p<0.001 for each). No significant difference was observed by gender for the question "Do you think that Makgeolli has a health-promoting effect?" Overall, 51% of the subjects gave positive answers and only 5.9% gave negative answers. Significantly, older people and those with a higher income had a higher rate of answering positively to this question. Belching (45.1%) and headache (29.9%) were the most common symptoms among the side effects of drinking Makgeolli. No significant difference was observed by gender or income, but older people had a higher rate of belching and fewer headaches than younger people (p<0.001). Women had a significantly higher rate of perceiving that Makgeolli was cheap than men. Age and income differences did not influence price perception. To the question "What is the ideal price for high quality Makgeolli", 32.1% answered that the present rate (1,000 won) was ideal, and 59.4% answered that a price between 1,000 and 2,000 won was ideal. These results indicate that the high preference for Makgeolli is due to its good taste and health effects. However, belching and headache caused by drinking Makgeolli were the most common complaints and, thus, must be solved. Some opinions indicated that Makgeolli must eliminate its low-quality image, but, according to this survey, most subjects answered that the ideal price of higher-quality Makgeolli should be increased slightly, which would cause price resistance.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of oral state and health condition among elderly people. The subjects in this study were 220 senior citizens who were randomly selected from among dwellers in Eunpyeong-gu and Jongno-gu, Seoul. A survey was conducted by one-on-one interview to find out their oral state and health condition. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 program, and variance analysis, correlation analysis and regression procedure were employed. The findings of this study were as follows: First, Regarding subjective oral health state, 52.3 percent of the elderly people, more than the half, considered their mouth to be in good health. The number of their mean remaining permanent teeth was 14.85, which was one of the indexes to indicate their objective oral state. Second, Concerning their abnormal oral health experience, 75 percent didn't feel that their masticatory force was good enough, and 55.9 percent felt pain in their teeth, 70.0 percent suffered from mouth dryness. Those fact showed that a lot of the elderly people felt there was something wrong with their oral cavity, and the unhealthy oral state made it difficult for them to eat food, as their masticatory force weakened and they couldn't get a good taste for food. Third, Those who viewed their oral cavity as healthy thought that they were in good shape, and there was a significant correlational relationship between their subjective oral and overall physical health states. Their own perception of oral state made a difference to their subjective health status, and the subjective oral health was significantly related to ADL as well, which implied that their ADL was different according to the way they looked at their own oral health status.