• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.112-126
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• 2012

The theme is to analyze the time-series changes of design elements on golf courses and golf country club and its factors influencing to the changes with regard to 81-membership country club located in the Capital Area of Seoul, created in the periods from 1964 until 2011. The research methods is to analyze the time-series changes of environmental factors influencing to the changes of the elements on the golf course by book review, and to compare and speculate the results of the analysis on the environmental factors with the time-series changes on the golf course elements of statistical analysis as like regression analysis. The research results were as follows. The first, the environmental factors influencing to the change of golf course elements were analyzed as the five elements of the golf-related policies and regulations, the economy, the numbers of golfers, PGA and KPGA golf tournaments, the golf instruments. The second, the type and scale of the location of the golf course were showing trends of transformation from flat ground to mountainous one and from small scale to large one. The third, it was analyzed that he golf course elements as like the sizes, length, numbers of golf course elements as like fairway, green, bunker, teeing ground and pond were influenced by the law and regulation, the increase of amateur golfers, the promotion of techniques of golfers, the increase of the chance of foreign course designer's involvement to domestic market through the opening of PGA and KPGA tournaments etc. The fourth, the promotion of golf instruments and the flying distance were the factors influencing to the numbers of bunker, the lengths of holes. The fifth, it was revealed that the trends of increase of sizes of ponds influenced by enacting environmenal friendly laws and regulations, considering of landscaping, reflecting of design trends followed by the opening of PGA tournaments. Finally, it was proposed that the further research would be introduced with regard to the qualitative analysis onto the changes and influential factors of golf course design.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1990

In recent years, the construction of golf course has been increasing very rapidIy and serious concern is paid to its environmental consequences both in Korea and in Japan. EIA systems as a major requirements for golf course developments emerged to reduce the adverse impact of their developments in Korea as well as in Japan. This study aims to compare EIA systems, procedures and methodologies employed between Korea and Japan in order to demonstrate the success and failure of EIAs in each country. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) EIAs are systematically undertaken based upon law in Korea but on regulation in Japan. 2) Public participation Isn't encouraged in the Korean EIA procedure while the Japan EIA system involves public participation. 3) Korean EISs shall be prepared after the proposed projects are approved according to the related laws and be followed by the necessary procedures, but in the carte of Japan, EISs be prepared prior to their approval . 4) ELSs shall be prepared by agencies with special expertise with respect to 7he environmental impacts (appointed by government) or the sponsoring agencies themselves in Korea whereas they be prepared by agencies proposing the projects in japan. 5) EISs both in Korea and in Japan are characterized by cliches which may be unfamiliar to reviews and the public. 6) EIAs describe the existing presence and predict and evaluate that a development work influences the present conditions. Here Japan EIA treats mainly natural - and life environment, whereas Korean EIA dose social - and economic environment. And hence in the case of Japan is undertaken more quantitative and scientific analysis, whereas in the case of Korea is less. It is suggested that the key point to impact analysis is to use the correct concepts, fomulate the comparative studies of methodologies and find the methods that suit the decision as well as which country's own circumstances.