• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.1314-1325
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• 1997

Experiments have been conducted to determine the flow and heat transfer characteristics for a two-dimensional turbulent wall attaching offset jet at different oblique angles to a flat surface. The distributions of the wall static pressure coefficient and time-averaged reattachment position for various offset ratios and oblique angles have been measured. The local Nusselt number distributions on the plate surface were also measured using liquid crystal as a temperature indicator. The new hue-capturing technique utilizing a true color image processing system was used to accurately determine the temperature of the liquid crystal. The experiments were carried out at Reynolds number, Re (based on D) of from 7300 to 21,300 with offset ratio, H/D from 2.5 to 10, and oblique angle, .alpha. from 0 deg. to 400 deg..

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.432-436
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• 2019

In this study, we produced a light, flexible, wearable gas sensor by depositing MWCNTs (Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes) into nylon. MWCNTs are widely used as a gas sensor material due to their excellent mechanical, electrical and physical characteristics. We produced a gas sensor to detect NOx gases by depositing nylon yarn in a MWCNT solution. The MWCNT solution was made by mixing 3 mg MWCNT in 5 ml of ethanol. Nylon yarn was placed in the manufactured solution and ultrasonic waves were applied using an ultrasonicator for 3 h, resulting in MCWNT deposition. The MWCNT-deposited nylon yarn was dried at room temperature for 24 h. The MWCNT-thin-film-coated nylon yarn was masked 1 mm apart, and gold was then deposited on the masked nylon yarn to create the gas sensor. The sensor then was installed in a chamber with a controlled atmospheric environment and exposed to NOx gas. The changing signal from the sensor was amplified to analyze its gas detection characteristics.

• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1381-1387
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• 2018

One dimensional (1D) grating has been fabricated (using focused ion beam) on 50 nm gold (Au) film deposited on higher refractive index Gallium phosphate (GaP) substrate. The sub-wavelength periodic metal nano structuring enable to couple photon to couple with the surface plasmons (SPs) excited by them. These grating devices provide the efficient control on the SPs which propagate on the interface of noble metal and dielectric whose frequency is dependent on the bulk electron plasma frequency of the metal. For a fixed periodicity (${\Lambda}=700 nm$) and slit width (w = 100 nm) in the grating device, the efficiency of SPP excitation is about 40% compared to the transmission in the near-field. Efficient coupling of SPs with photon in dielectric provide field localisation on sub-wavelength scale which is needed in Heat Assisted Magnetic recording (HAMR) systems. The GaP is also used to emulate Vertical Cavity Surface emitting laser (VCSEL) in order to provide cheaper alternative of light source being used in HAMR technology. In order to understand the underlying physics, far-and near-field results has been compared with the modelling results which are obtained using COMSOL RF module. Apart from this, grating devices of smaller periodicity (${\Lambda}=280nm$) and slit width (w = 22 nm) has been fabricated on GaP substrate which is photoluminescence material to observe amplified spontaneous emission of the SPs at wavelength of 805 nm when the grating device was excited with 532 nm laser light. This observation is unique and can have direct application in light emitting diodes (LEDs).

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) of cobalt gallate were synthesized and deposited on gold electrodes using self-assembly monolayers (SAMs) and hydrothermal processing. These MOF films exhibit strong adsorption capabilities for gaseous particulates, and the use of SAMs allows the synthesis and deposition processes to be completed in a single step. When cobalt gallate is mixed with SAMs, a coordination bond is formed between the cobalt ion and the carboxylate or hydroxyl groups of the SAMs, particularly under hydrothermal conditions. Additionally, the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) gas sensor accurately measures the number of particulates adsorbed on the MOF films in real-time. Thus, the QCM gas sensor is a valuable tool for quantitatively measuring gases, such as SO₂, NO₂, and CO₂. Furthermore, the QCM MOF film gas sensor was more effective for gas adsorption than the MOF particles alone and allowed the accurate modeling of gas adsorption. Moreover, the QCM MOF films accurately detect the adsorption-desorption mechanisms of SO₂ and NO₂, which exist as gaseous particulate matter, at specific gas concentrations.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2014

중성자 검출분야에서$^3He$는 높은 중성자 검출효율 때문에 아주 많이 사용되고 있다. 하지만 2009년 초반부터 발생하고 있는 전세계적인 $^3He$의 품귀현상으로 인하여 가격이 급등하고 수급이 어려워졌기 때문에 대체 중성자 검출물질에 대한 필요성이 높아졌다. 그러므로 중성자 검출물질로 사용될 수는 있지만 $^3He$에 비해 반응효율이 낮아 중성자 검출용으로 주로 사용되지 않던 물질들을 사용하여 검출기를 제작하는 연구가 다시 활발하게 진행되고 있다. $BF_3$, $^6Li$, $^{10}B$, $Gd_2O_2S$ 등과 같은 $^3He$ 대체 물질들 중 하나인 $^{10}B$은 손쉬운 감마선 구별, 무독성, 낮은 가격 등과 같은 여러 장점으로 인하여 여러 연구그룹에서 연구되고 있다. $^{10}B$ 박막을 이용한 중성자 검출은 중성자와 반응하여 발생되는 2차 방사선을 측정하여 간접적으로 중성자를 측정하는 검출기법이다. 반응을 통해 생성된 알파입자의 비정은 고체 내에서 아주 짧기 때문에 $^{10}B$ 층은 박막 형태로 얇게 제작해야 한다. 그러므로 중성자와 박막의 반응을 통해 발생되는 알파입자의 검출효율을 증가시키기 위해서는 $^{10}B$ 박막의 두께를 얇게 제작하는 것이 중요하다. 하지만 박막의 두께를 얇게 제작하는 것은 중성자와 반응하여 생성되는 알파입자의 수집효율을 증가시키는 장점이 있지만 또한 중성자와 반응할 단면적을 감소시키는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 리튬이온전지에 사용되는 초박막 극판 제조 기술을 이용하여 중성자 검출을 위한 대략 $60{\mu}m$ 두께의 얇은 $^{10}B$ 박막을 제작하였다. 그리고 전도성, 분포, 점착력, 유연성와 같은 간단한 물리적 실험을 통해 제작된 $^{10}B$ 박막의 물성을 확인하였다. 또한, 제작된 $^{10}B$ 박막을 사용하여 중성자 모니터링을 위한 비례계수기 제작하고 이를 이용하여 한국원자력연구원의 중성자 조사시설의 중성자 파고 스펙트럼을 측정하였다. 또한, 중성자 검출효율을 증가시킬 수 있는 방법 중 하나인 다층 박막을 이용한 중성자 측정 방법을 이용하여 박막 층수에 따른 중성자 검출효율의 변화를 몬테칼로 전산모사 기법을 이용하여 계산하였고 실험을 통해 박막층의 증가에 따른 신호변화를 측정하였다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 1979

In this study, the adhesive strength of three commercial polycarboxylate cements to ten types of dental casting alloys, such as gold, palladium, silver, indium, copper, nickel, chromium, and human enamel and dentine were measured and compared with that of a conventional zinc phosphate cement. The $8.0mm{\times}3.0mm$ cylindrical alloy specimens were made by casting. The enamel specimens were prepared from the labial surface of human upper incisor, and the dentine specimens were prepared from the occulusal surface of the human molar respectively. Sound extracted human teeth, which had been kept in a fresh condition since, extraction, were mounted in a wax box with a cold-curing acrylic resin to expose the flattened area. The mounted teeth were then placed in a Specimen Cutter (Technicut) and were cut down under a water spray, and then the flat area on the all specimens were ground by hand with 400 and 600 grit wet silicone carbide paper. Two such specimens were then cemented together face-to-face with freshly mixed cement, and moderate finger pressure was applied to squeeze the cement to a thin and uniform film. All cemented specimens were then kept in a thermostatic humidor cabinet regulated at $23{\pm}2^{\circ}C.$ and more than 95 per cent relative humidity and tested after 24 hours and 1 week. Link chain was attached to each alloy specimen to reduce the rigidity of the jig assembly, and then all the specimens were mounted in the grips of the Instron Universal Testing Machine, and a tensile load was delivered to the adhering surface at a cross head speed of 0.20 mm/min. The loads to which the specimens were subjected were recorded on a chart moving at 0.50 mm/min. The adhesive strength was determined by measuring the load when the specimen separated from the cement block and by dividing the load by the area. The test was performed in a room at $23{\pm}2^{\circ}C.$ and $50{\pm}10$ per cent relative humidity. A minimum of five specimens were tested each material and those which deviated more than 15 per cent from the mean were discarded and new specimens prepared. From the experiments, the following results were obtained. 1) It was found that the adhesive strength of the polycarboxylate cement to all alloys tested was considerably greater than that of the zinc phosphate cement. 2) The adhesive strength of the polycarboxylate cements was superior to the non precious alloys, such as the copper, indium, nickel and chromium alloys, but it was inferior to the precious gold, silver and palladium alloys. 3) Surface treatment of the alloy was found to be an important factor in achieving adhesion. It appears that a polycarboxylate cement will adhere better to a smooth surface than to a rough one. This contrasts with zinc phosphate cements, where a rough helps mechanical interlocking. 4) The adhesion of the polycarboxylate cement with enamel was found superior to its adhesion with dentine.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1999

본 실험은 의료용 가속기로부터 나오는 6MV 광자선과 6 MeV 전자선을 고체 팬텀위의 LiF 열형광 선량계 (TLD-l00)에 쪼여서 수행하였다. TLD-l00의 방사선 반응감도를 증가시키기 위해 TLD-l00 기판 (표면적 3.2 $\times$ 3.2 $\textrm{mm}^2$) 위에 같은 면적의 금속박막 (주석 혹은 금)을 얹어서 실험하였다. SSD l00cm, 방사선장의 크기 10$\times$10 $\textrm{cm}^2$의 조건 하에서 표면 흡수선량을 측정하였다. 측정결과 각 금속들로 인하여 TLD-l00 의 신호강도가 증강된 것이 관측되었다. 그리고 표면 흡수선량이 방사선량에 따라서 매우 선형적인 값을 가지는 것으로 나타났다 .6 MV 광자선의 경우 1 mm 의 금속박막을 TLD-l00 에 얹은 결과 표면 흡수선량이 각 각 14%, 56% 증가되었다 .6MeV의 전자선의 경우에는 금박막은 TL 반응감도가 13% 증가되었으나 주석의 경우에는 전혀 변화가 없었다. 금속박막을 얹은 TLD-l00의 방사선량 반응감도는 금속박막의 전자 입자밀도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 관측되었다. 이것은 TLD-l00보다 큰 전자밀도를 가진 부가물질(금속박막 )로부터 TLD-l00으로 산란전자가 유입되는 데 기인하는 것으로 보인다. 이 결과로부터 금속박막을 얹은 TL 선량계가 치료광자선용 증폭 선량계로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것임을 시사한다. 즉 금속박막으로 인해서 TLD-l00 의 방사선 량 반응감도가 증가되었으므로 높은 감도의 보다 작은 TL 선량계의 개발이 가능하게 되었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.27-27
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• 2011

For the design of real applicable molecular devices, current-voltage properties through molecular nanostructures such as metal-molecule-metal junctions (molecular junctions) have been studied extensively. In thiolate monolayers on the gold electrode, the chemical bonding of sulfur to gold and the van der Waals interactions between the alkyl chains of neighboring molecules are important factors in the formation of well-defined monolayers and in the control of the electron transport rate. Charge transport through the molecular junctions depends significantly on the energy levels of molecules relative to the Fermi levels of the contacts and the electronic structure of the molecule. It is important to understand the interfacial electron transport in accordance with the increased film thickness of alkyl chains that are known as an insulating layer, but are required for molecular device fabrication. Thiol-tethered RuII terpyridine complexes were synthesized for a voltage-driven molecular switch and used to understand the switch-on mechanism of the molecular switches of single metal complexes in the solid-state molecular junction in a vacuum. Electrochemical voltammetry and current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are measured to elucidate electron transport processes in the bistable conducting states of single molecular junctions of a molecular switch, Ru(II) terpyridine complexes. (1) On the basis of the Ru-centered electrochemical reaction data, the electron transport rate increases in the mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of Ru(II) terpyridine complexes, indicating strong electronic coupling between the redox center and the substrate, along the molecules. (2) In a low-conducting state before switch-on, I-V characteristics are fitted to a direct tunneling model, and the estimated tunneling decay constant across the Ru(II) terpyridine complex is found to be smaller than that of alkanethiol. (3) The threshold voltages for the switch-on from low- to high-conducting states are identical, corresponding to the electron affinity of the molecules. (4) A high-conducting state after switch-on remains in the reverse voltage sweep, and a linear relationship of the current to the voltage is obtained. These results reveal electron transport paths via the redox centers of the Ru(II) terpyridine complexes, a molecular switch.

• 센서학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 특정한 생물학적 의미를 갖는 물질들간의 결합 및 분리과정을 실시간에 측정하기 위해 빠른 응답특성과 높은 감도를 갖는 표면 플라즈몬 공명 (Surface Plasmon Resonance, SPR) 현상을 이용한 센서 시스템을 제작하였다. SPR 시스템의 프리즘 표면에 일정 두께의 금 박막이 진공증착된 센서칩을 두고 이 아래에 위치한 시료충전셀에 살모넬라 (salmonella) 항체를 주입시켜 항체가 센서칩 표면에서 자기집합 (self-assembly) 함에 따라 공명각이 변화하는 현상을 측정하였다. 이후 분석대상물질인 살모넬라 항원을 주입하여 항체와의 결합 상태를 일정 시간 간격을 두고 공명각의 변화로서 측정하고 이 결과를 분석하였다. 또한 human Immunglobulin G (hIgG)를 항원으로 한 항원-항체 반응 역시 살모넬라의 경우와 같은 방법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과 살모넬라의 항체는 센서칩 표면에서 약 10분 동안 자기집합하고 반응이 포화됨을 공명각의 변화를 통해 볼 수 있었으며, hIgG의 항체의 경우는 약 60분 동안 반응을 하고 포화됨을, 그리고 살모넬라와 hIgG의 항원 (분석대상물질) 은 모두 각각의 항체에 대해서 약 1분 이내에 결합하고 포화됨을 볼 수 있었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.371-378
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• 1994

이 갈바니식 산소센서의 산소농도 측정범위는 0.0~20.0%이었다. 산소환원 전극으로 금 또는 은을 이용하여 산소농도 변화에 따른 재현성 있는 응답시간 및 감도를 얻었다. 산화전극으로는 Pb-Sn-Ca 합금을 이용하였다. 산소 선택 투과막은 소수성이며 다공성 물질인 테플론을 이용하여 두께 변화에 따른 온도($10{\sim}50^{\circ}C$) 및 습도(R. H 0~99%)에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 전해질은 아세트산납 완충 용액을 이용하여 출력전압을 증가시켰으며, 센서의 수명을 길게 하였다.