• 대순사상논총
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• 제37집
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• pp.191-227
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• 2021

본 연구는 진과 선의 가치가 미의 형태로 드러난다면 대순사상에서 진리는 어떻게 '미적인 것'으로 표출되고 나타나는지를 미학적 관점에서 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 대순진리회의 신앙을 감각과 감정, 아름다움으로 성찰하는 전통 미학 혹은 신학적 미학의 방법으로 접근해보고자 한다. 「전경」을 중심으로 살펴본 대순사상의 미 개념은 신성(神性)과 도리(道理), 일심(一心), 관계(關係)에 숭고와 균제, 절제, 조화미로 나타난다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 미 개념으로 고찰한 대순사상의 미학은 천지공사의 미학과 상생의 미학, 치유의 미학이다. 천지공사에는 하느님이 화신(化身)하여 이 땅에 다녀가셨다는 역사가 담겨있다. 인간 '강증산'이 상제라는 깨달음은 충격적인 미적 모티브이자 대순진리회의 신학적 출발점이라 할 수 있다. 상생은 상호관계의 사회성을 심미적으로 나타내는 용어라고 볼 수 있으며 관계의 조화와 통일에 상생의 미학적 구조가 있다고 본다. 치유에는 인류를 무병의 선경세상으로 이끄는 상제의 신성한 숭고미와 인간을 안심·안신으로 나아가게 하는 절제미가 담겨있다 할 수 있다. 치유의 궁극적 가치인 의통은 인류의 이상을 실현해 주는 수도의 종착점이자, 아름다운 삶, 가치 있는 삶이라는 영적 쾌감을 주는 치유의 미학을 보여주고 있다. 미학의 시선으로 살펴본 대순사상의 미학적 특징은 진멸지경에 놓인 세상에서 창생을 구원하고자 우리 곁에 머물다간 상제의 '거룩한 수고'와 상생의 실천으로 치유를 이끌어 내는 미적 태도를 갖고 있음을 알 수 있다. 우리는 아름다운 여인을 보면 '여신(女神) 같다'고 하거나 '선녀(仙女) 같다'는 말을 한다. 아름다운 음악을 들으면 '천상(天上)의 소리'라 찬사하고 즐거움이 가득할 때는 '신(명)이 난다'고 표현한다. 신(神)은 곧 아름다움의 상징이며 신의 세계는 아름다움의 원형을 의미한다 할 수 있다. 아름다움에 대한 경험은 우리의 영혼을 신에게로 안내한다. 대순사상의 미적 체험은 감정적, 지적, 영적 환희의 절정을 이루는 종교체험으로 그 무엇과도 비교할 수 없는 아름다움을 인식하는 심미적 체험이라 할 수 있다.

• 영어영문학
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.611-632
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• 2012

Beckett's life-long struggling with death may be illuminated in terms of the Western tradition of thanatology as well as Philippe Ariès's anthropological classification of death. Among the Western tradition, Beckett's oeuvre incarnates memento mori, timor mori, nihilism, theatrum mundi, life as afterlife, and the transsubstantiation of the self. Among the five views of death Ariès suggests, Beckett appears to foreground the death of the self and the invisible dirty death. In a world devoid of transcendental Signified, Beckett's resident is "a poor player/That struts and frets his hour upon the stage." Our contemporary vision of death is dominated by the dirty death and timor mori resurrected from the cultural icon of danse macabre in the late Mediaeval age as vividly dramatized in W;t by Margaret Edson. Beckett stands in no man's land: Lucky complains of divine aphathia as well as scopes at the possibility of God's existence like Hamm. Beckett's way of getting out of the dilemma is laughing a mirthless and dianoetic laugher. To bourgeois class who shudder at the sight of Grim Death after forgettable years of indulgence and addiction to capitalist consumption, Beckett seems to preach, your life is a death-in-life, you are not born yet until you are baptized with existential awakening as Gregor Samsa in Kafka's Verwandlung, or Tolstoy in Confession.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to consider of meaning in life based on Frankl's theory and to propose of hospice nursing according to conceptual framework of meaning in life. The conceptual framework of meaning in life is composed of 4 phases. According to the first phase, acceptance & awareness of self and life, hospice nurse should helps dying patient to accept limitedness of human existence and death. and according to the second phase, actualization of creative value, hospice nurse can helps dying patient to discover meaning in life through doing a deed for last time before his death. According to the third phase, actualization of experiential value, hospice nurse can helps them to discovery of meaning by experiencing of love through meetings with other people, nature, and god. According to the forth phase, actualization of attitudinal value, hospice nurse can helps them to discovery of meaning by realizing meaning in suffering and death through exercising of the inner freedom to choose bravery and acceptance in the face of death and misfortune. As mentioned above, the Frankl's theory accords with the core of hospice nursing that helps people to accomplish human essence in suffering and death. therefore we accepted Frankl's point of view, asserted that one of the most important roles of a hospice nurse as a supporter and sustainer for dying patients is to help patients to find meaning in life even in the course of death. To achieve the goal, hospice nurses should try to have a firm faith through philosophical introspection about life, death, human existence and meaning in life what the most important goal of life is to discover meaning in life and human have the duty and responsibility of recognizing and pursuing meaning up to the last moment of life.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.389-406
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• 1992

This study was designed to identify nursing students' attitudes toward life through a Q-methodology. A Q-sample was formed through a review of the literature and interviews(n＝160)l The final Q-sample consisted of 37 statements out of an initial 100 statements after consultation with an expert panel and pilot testing. The P-sample consisted of 14 university nursing students and 27 junior college nursing students, which was selected by convenience sampling method. Data were analyzed by the Q-analysis method. The correlation between type 2 and type 3 was relatively high (r＝0.539) ; that between type 1 and type 3 was lowest (r＝0.014). The first type of attitude was the “rational utilitarian” type. Students in this type valued life relative to the quality of life. They agreed with euthanasia and artificial abortion if the quality of life was threatened. The criteria for their judgement were scientific knowledge and rationality. The second type of attitude was the “Christian deontologic” type. These students appreciated the sanctity of life according to Christian dogma. They disagreed with euthanasia and artficial abortion. And they disagreed strongly that life should be created by scientific development, because only God creates life. The third type of attitude was the “unconditional deontologic” type. These students agreed with the sanctity of life, not from Christian belief but from belief in the sanctity of life. The final type of attitude was the “prima facie(conditional) deonologic” type. These students appreciated the value of life and humanity. They expressed concern for others' life and suffering. They do not want to afflict others with their own miseries. This group showed a dual value system toward themselves and others. So they experience conflict between their concern for their on and others' conditions. These nursing students' values may have been influenced by their clinical experience in hospitals and other nursing fields. Through this study, we may realize the importance of education in nursing ethics for discussion of ethical conflicts and to support ethical nursing practice.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제64권
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• pp.109-144
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• 2020

21세기에 들어와 한국교회는 사회적으로 많은 비난을 받으며, 교회 성장과 선교에 많은 악영향을 끼치고 있는 상황에서 한국교회는 진정한 회복을 위하여 새롭게 거듭나야 한다. 이러한 상황에서 연구자는 유대교 경전 탈무드의 제라임(Zeraim, 농사)을 한국교회의 위기와 문제들을 해결하는 대안으로 설정하여 분석하였다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 탈무드의 출현 배경, 탈무드 제라임의 주요내용, 탈무드 제라임의 기독교교육에 적용방안으로 나누어 분석하였다. 유대교 탈무드 제라임을 통해서 한국교회 문제들을 해결할 수 있는 적용 가능성을 다섯 가지로 제시하였다. 첫째, 축복받는 삶을 위한 기독교교육이다. 둘째, 사회정의·생명·창조보전을 추구하는 기독교교육이다. 셋째, 하나님의 은혜에 감사하는 삶을 위한 기독교교육이다, 넷째, 율법을 깨닫고 그 가르침을 실천하는 기독교교육이다. 다섯째, 통전적 영성을 추구하는 기독교교육이다. 역사 속에서 수많은 고난을 받으면서도 신앙의 정체성을 잃지 않고, 하나님의 말씀인 율법(토라)과 탈무드를 중심으로 통전적 영성을 회복한 유대인들의 신앙과 삶에서 기독교교육의 과제와 방향을 찾아야 한다고 보았다. 이제 한국교회는 그동안 잘못했던 실수들을 과감히 청산하고, 사회적인 비판의 소리를 겸허하게 받아들이고 새롭게 회복할 수 있는 교육으로 나아가야 한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2015

Purpose: This paper is a basic study done to establish spiritual health concepts according to Korean culture. The focus was on identifying perceived concepts of spiritual health in Korean people. Methods: The Q method, which is effective in measuring individual subjectivity, was used in this study. Results: Perception of the concept of spiritual health was found to have 3 independent types, Type I is a self-directed, present life centered type. This is a group stressing the importance of planning self-directed life and the people of this group consider the values of the present life as important. Type II is a faith-oriented, afterlife centered type. This is a group whose essence of spiritual health is religious devotion like faith in god and the people of this group do not sympathize with the oriental world view. Type III is an oriental, value-sharing type. This is a group with an oriental world view and the people of this group stress importance in sharing values with communities or others. Conclusion: These results not only become the basis for understanding the concept of spiritual health among Koreans, but also suggest the necessity of comprehensive education for spiritual health promotion.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.211-229
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• 1997

An environmental problem is the greatest barrier to pursuit of mankinds existence and development. The major traits of this problem are totality and complexity, therefore the finding of environmental problem's solutions is very difficult. The eco-friendly development that pursuing the ecological principles is the direction of environmental problem's solutions. Environmentally sound and sustainable development, deep ecological thought or environmentalism, the following of god's creation order and the old oriental thought are patterns and principles of eco-friendly development. Every creature has one ecological niche from the ecological principles of adoption, competition, evolution, variety, circulation, harmony and equilibrium. Ecological niche means that every creature has ecological status and duty. Therefore finding the mankinds ecological niche is important because it is desirable directions for eco-friendly development to solve environmental problems.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.378-378
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• 1996

Human beings and chimpanzees are very much alike. and scientists say there is only 1% difference between them. Contrary to our expectations, the difference lies not in brains but in tracheas ( windpipes ). Those of human beings are bigger and longer than those of chimpanzees. Thu means more air is inspired and expired as breath. About breath there are interesting descriptions in the Bible. In the Genesis it says God made a man out of soil and breathed life-giving breath into his nostrils and the man began to live. In other part it says life exists between incoming breath and outgoing breath. Thus breath plays key role is our life. In Hebrew and Greek, breath and spirit are the same words. In Hebrew it is ‘Luahf’ and in Greek, ‘Pneuma’ With breath and mouth organs human beings produced voice, and with haritage and through leaning we train our voice to reach the level of language which convey our culture. My contention is to realize the gift of voice and train it so that it can perform proper function as a tool of conveying our thought and culture. This is a kind of practice of speech and it may be called speechology. It includes the following practical methods: 1. Try to read aloud. 2. Encourage recitation, 3. Make public speaking as possible. 4. Learn theories of phonetics; such as about pronunciation, accent, intonation, prominence, assimilation and so on.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

본 고에서는 보다 수준 높은 호스피스 케어를 위해서는 고통에 대한 포괄적인 이해와 영적 접근에 대한 의식확장이 전제되어야 한다는 가정 하에 관련된 문헌을 살펴보았다. 최근 건강관련분야 특히 만성적 건강문제에 접근하는 기본 패러다임으로 총체적 모델에 대한 관심이 증대하고 있는데 이는 인간에 대한 존엄과 인간을 몸과 마음 그리고 영적인 요소가 하나로 통합된 존재로 보는 이론체계를 수용한다. 따라서 전인적, 총체적으로 인간을 이해하는 것은 죽음을 앞둔 대상자의 건강과 관련된 의사결정과 치유과정에 필수적인 요소라 할 수 있으며 이 때 제기될 수 있는 윤리적 관점은 또다른 차원의 문제인 것이다. 인간은 죽음을 체험하면서 궁극적인 고통과 대면하게 되는데 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 의료적 조치인 이성의 힘만이 아니라 절대자인 신(God : 하느님 : 우주)과의 관계 안에서의 모색이 연결되어져야 할 것이라고 본다. 죽음의 고통을 겪고 있는 대상자들은 의료인의 따뜻한 마음과 전인적인 포용력을 요구하는 인간적인 특성을 소지하고 있다. 호스피스에 관심을 갖는 의료인들은 인간의 마음 속 깊은 곳에 자리하고 있는 종교심 또는 영적 영역의 장을 인정하고 애정어린 몸짓으로 대상자의 고통에 함께 함으로써 보다 수준 높은 호스피스 케어가 이루어질 수 있으므로 그들의 곁에 있다는 것을 느끼게 해주는 한편 고통에 대한 의식을 확장하고 발전시키고자 하는 신념을 소지할 필요가 있다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.233-246
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• 2001

Spiritual health is an important indicator in the quality of life of patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to validate a Spiritual Health Inventory (SHI) for patients with cancer developed by Highfield (1989). The SHI was translated into Korean, back-translated into English. The study sample was 96 patients with cancer. The data were collected from September, 1999 to February, 2000 for 6 months. Statistic analysis was done with the SPSS PC+ (Version 10.0) program: descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA. The results are as follows : 1. The reliability score was examined using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and found to be .79. 2. Construct validity was examined using factor analysis. Four factors were identified and named : (1) Peace of mind (19.1% of variance), (2) Hope (9.7%), (3) Self-esteem (6.4%), (4) Trust (6.0%). The total of 41.2 percent of the variance. 3. The Pearson correlation coefficient score of 4 factors was between r = .24~ .42. 4. SHI was identified as multidimension, that is (1) The relationship with GOD, as absolute being, (2) the relationship with others, (3) the relationship within oneself. 5. There were differences in response in items especially related to GOD. The following recommendations can be made on the above findings : 1. Replicate with a minimum sample of 150 and test for concurrent validity. 2. Since spirituality is a dynamic concept, longitudinal study is also necessary. 3. Concept analysis using a qualitative study based on religious preference is recommended. 4. The items such as 12, 13, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26 indicated conceptual ambiguity for Korean populations and further study is needed on item deletion or new items.