• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.58 no.3
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 2015

Momordica charantia, commonly known as bitter melon, has interesting pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant. As supported by recent scientific reports on the beneficial effects of M. charantia, it is one of the most promising functional plants for diabetes today. In this study, we fermented the bitter melon with lactic acid bacteria and investigated the capability of controlling diabetic conditions by decreasing the blood glucose levels. After extracting the fermented bitter melon with hot water or ethanol, we tested several biological activities using mouse models. When we tested the efficacy of the glycemic control, the extracts of fermented bitter melon significantly lowered the blood glucose levels of the alloxan-induced diabetic mice. We also found that the lactic acid bacteria-fermented bitter melon protected liver damages from the treatment of alloxan monohydrates and maintained low levels of triglycerides and high levels of HDL cholesterol in these mouse models. These results suggest that our approach on fermenting bitter melon and the extracts of fermented bitter melon could lead to the possibility of the development of functional foods that contain the effectiveness of controlling blood glucose and lipid levels as well as preventing liver damages.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.1295-1303
• /
• 1997

This study determined the effects of addtition of chicory extract on the rate of starch hydrolysis in vitro and blood glucose response in healthy subjects. The rate of corn starch hydrolysis in the presence or absence of chicory extract was determined in an in vitro enzyme/dialysis system for 2hr. Additions of dried or roasted chicory extract (5%, w/w) to corn starch solution reduced the starch hydrolysis and significantly (p<0.05) decreased the area under hydrolysis curve by 16% and 18%, respectively. Groups of five to nine volunteers underwent 60 g glucose tolerance tests (GTT) with 2.5, 5, 10, 20% (w/w) dried or roasted chicory extracts. The addition of chicory extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose concentration during the GTT and reduced the mean peak rise and area under blood glucose curve. The glycemic indices of all dried chicory extract, $5{\sim}20%$ roasted chicory extract groups were significantly decreased compared with glucose control. Chicory extract is therefore likely to be useful in modifying postprandial hyperglycemia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.1066-1077
• /
• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of herbal medicine on blood glucose in diabetic patients. Methods: The subjects were patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who had been admitted to Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital for more than 8 weeks for a primary diagnosis other than DM and who had taken herbal medicine for more than 8 weeks from January 2010 to February 2020. The medical records were analyzed retrospectively to confirm the characteristics of the subjects, and examination results included hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. Changes in HbA1c before and after taking herbal medicine and changes according to subgroups were analyzed. Results: A total of 149 subjects with type 2 DM were selected as participants. After taking the herbal medicine, the HbA1c value was significantly decreased, and the statistical significance was maintained even when the effect of controlling antidiabetic agents was excluded. The decrease in HbA1c was higher in the poor glycemic control group. Liver and kidney functions did not show any significant changes after taking the herbal medicine. Conclusions: Administration of herbal medicine for a long period of 8 weeks or longer did not increase HbA1c in patients with DM complicated by other various diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.594-602
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The zinc transporter ZIP7 is known to regulate glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles, and skeletal muscles are known to play a critical role in glycemic control. The present study examines the effects of dietary zinc supplementation on the blood glucose concentration and expression of ZIP7 in skeletal muscle obtained from obese mice fed a high-fat diet (HF). Methods: C57BL/6J male mice were divided into three groups and were administered either a HF (60% of total calories from fat), HF supplemented with zinc (HF+Zn, 60% calories from fat + 300 mg zinc/kg diet), or low-fat diet (CON, 10% calories from fat), for 15 weeks. Results: Compared to CON group mice, the final body weights and adipose tissue weights were significantly increased, while the skeletal muscle weights were significantly decreased in mice belonging to the HF and HF+Zn groups. The HF+Zn group had significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose concentrations than the HF group. Similarly, zinc supplementation significantly decreased the HF-elevated area under the curve values obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test. Skeletal muscle protein levels of ZIP7 in samples obtained from the HF group were significantly decreased as compared to the CON group. Conversely, the skeletal ZIP7 protein levels in the HF+Zn group were significantly increased as compared to the HF group. Moreover, the protein levels of phosphorylated-AKT and glucose transporter 4 in the skeletal muscle were significantly increased subsequent to zinc supplementation. Conclusion: Our data demonstrates that zinc supplementation up-regulates the skeletal muscle ZIP7 expression, which is associated with improved glucose tolerance in the obesity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.354-360
• /
• 2022

Metabolic disease is a disease with a prevalence of 26% in Korean, and has three of the five states of abdominal obesity, hypertension, hunger glycemic disorder, high neutral fat, and low HDL cholesterol at the same time. This paper links the consumer panel data of the Rural Development Agency(RDA) and the medical care data of the National Health Insurance Service(NHIS) to generate a classification model that can be divided into a metabolic disease group and a control group through food consumption characteristics, and attempts to compare the differences. Many existing domestic and foreign studies related to metabolic diseases and food consumption characteristics are disease correlation studies of specific food groups and specific ingredients, and this paper is logistic considering all food groups included in the general diet. We created a classification model using regression, a decision tree-based classification model, and a classification model using XGBoost. Of the three models, the high-precision model is the XGBoost classification model, but the accuracy was not high at less than 0.7. As a future study, it is necessary to extend the observation period for food consumption in the patient group to more than 5 years and to study the metabolic disease classification model after converting the food consumed into nutritional characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.12
• /
• pp.1554-1559
• /
• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of single and repeated oral administration of medicinal herbal mixture (AD) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Angelica decursiva, Lycium chinense and Adenophora triphylla var. japonica Hara were selected by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and mixed for AD mixture. In an oral glucose tolerance test, the AD inhibited the increase in blood glucose levels at 1 hr and 2 hr and decreased incremental glycemic response area under the curve. In a single administration of AD1 (100 mg/kg) and AD2 (500 mg/kg), significant reductions by 5.3% and 12.3% were observed in fasting blood glucose level for 4 hours. During the 1 month of the experimental period, AD1 and AD2 was given to the STZ induced diabetic rats. At 4th week, the fasting blood glucose levels of AD1 and AD2 caused a fall of 25.5% and 37.9%, respectively. In addition, the body weights were decreased by 7.7% (AD1) and 1.7% (AD2), respectively, compared with diabetic control (DC, decreasing of 10.2%). This study suggests that AD could be potentially useful for fasting and post-prandial hyperglycemia treatment and all these effects concluded to the use of this plant extract to manage diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.38 no.11
• /
• pp.1528-1534
• /
• 2009

This study was designed to evaluate the anti-obesity and hypoglycemic effects of Gugija (Lycium chinense Mill) extracts in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We investigated the $\alpha$-amylase and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activities of extracts from Gugija. Gugija was extracted by 70% EtOH and 80% MeOH and aqueous, respectively. A single oral dose of Gugija extract inhibited the increase of blood glucose levels significantly at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min and decreased incremental response areas under the glycemic response curve. These results suggest that Gugija 70% EtOH extracts may delay carbohydrate digestion and reduce postprandial hyperglycemia. In addition, triglyceride content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes decreased at higher concentrations of Gugija 70% EtOH extract. Free fatty acid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was increased at higher concentrations of Gugija 70% EtOH extract. Also, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), the key insulin signaling pathway transcription factor, was remarkably increased by the Gugija 70% EtOH extract when compared to those of control cells in protein expression levels. Therefore, Gugija can be developed as an effective anti-obesity and hypoglycemic agent.