• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.3685-3700
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• 2015

To avoid influences caused by pose, illumination and facial expression variations, we propose a robust three-step algorithm based on ASM and POEM for facial landmark localization. Firstly, Model Selection Factor is utilized to achieve a pose-free initialized shape. Then, we use the global shape model of ASM to describe the whole face and the texture model POEM to adjust the position of each landmark. Thirdly, a second localization is presented to discriminatively refine the subtle shape variation for some organs and contours. Experiments are conducted in four main face datasets, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately localizes facial landmarks and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.23 no.7 s.184
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• pp.93-100
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• 2006

Post industrial technologies have improved human standard of living, however, a host of negative environmental consequences from the unlimited industrial appetite have posed serious global challenges. Remanufacturing is an industrial manufacturing process that is to restore old products to perform like a new and to save energy, natural resources, landfill space and to reduce air pollution by less re-smelting. By extending product lift cycle, remanufacturing gives us enormous opportunities for sustainable development of our society. This paper introduces needs and current state of the art in the field of remanufacturing, also analyzes old products in terms of product variety and wear conditions with an example of automobile alternators. Then, a general and a product-specified remanufacturing process will be determined with them. Finally, this paper shows systemized guidelines for remanufacturing process of the specified parts. The results could be also used as a basic information for further remanufacturing applications.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.92-103
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• 2019

The first generation of Japan's smart city policies began around 2010. However, the latest trends in smart city policies and the impacts of the first generation on the latter one were not fully covered in either official documents or academic literature. In such circumstances, the purposes of this study were firstly to identify outcomes derived from the smart city projects in the first generation, and then, to reveal the present situation of the latest smart city policies, including the influence of the first generation on these state of the art policies. The present study was also intended to evaluate the validity of a conceptual framework presented by Fernandez-Anez et al. (2018) for smart city policies. As a result, it was revealed that (1) policy outputs and outcomes derived from the smart city policies in the first generation were highly regarded, (2) the conceptual framework of smart city policies was evaluated as valid, and (3) the second generation of smart city policies after Society 5.0 was characterized by the establishment of smart city platforms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.571-580
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• 2014

To address unsolved issues of change detection in animated choropleth maps, we proposed the concept of 'gross change detection' and performed an experiment that empirically verifies the incidence of change blindness stems from the 'magnitude of change (MOC)', spatial distribution in animated choropleth maps. We generated experimental materials using the change-characterization arrays and the global Moran's I. Participants had 108 cases of changing maps with time duration (1 to 3 sec) and had questions. The results showed that MOC and duration affect gross change detection, but the most interesting result from our experiment was that different spatial distributions between two adjacent choropleth maps may lead the map reader to under- or over-estimate the level of gross change in the map. It implies that we should consider spatial distribution of change when we design animated choropleth maps.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.203-203
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• 2011

Metastable statates, resonant states in 4s level and excited states in 4p level were investigated with a simple global model and examined by the LIF experiments. Metastable states exhibit an anomalous behavior with the plasma density, on the other hands, other states show monotonous increasing behaviors. It turns out that the metastable state can have such an anomalous behavior due to its special characteristic, electric dipole radiation forbidden. It is expected to resolve the ambiguity of previously reported metastable density behaviors and provide further understanding.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.4513-4532
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• 2014

Motivated by the Weber's Law, this paper proposes an efficient and robust shape descriptor based on the perceptual stimulus model, called Weber's Law Shape Descriptor (WLSD). It is based on the theory that human perception of a pattern depends not only on the change of stimulus intensity, but also on the original stimulus intensity. Invariant to scale and rotation is the intrinsic properties of WLSD. As a global shape descriptor, WLSD has far lower computation complexity while is as discriminative as state-of-art shape descriptors. Experimental results demonstrate the strong capability of the proposed method in handling shape retrieval.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1169-1182
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• 2020

The ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is a classical metaheuristic optimization algorithm. However, the conventional ACO was liable to trap in the local minimum and has an inherent slow rate of convergence. In this work, we propose a novel combinatorial ACO algorithm (CG-ACO) to alleviate these limitations. The genetic algorithm and the cloud model were embedded into the ACO to find better initial solutions and the optimal parameters. In the experiment section, we compared CG-ACO with the state-of-the-art methods and discussed the parameter stability of CG-ACO. The experiment results showed that the CG-ACO achieved better performance than ACO_R, simple genetic algorithm (SGA), CQPSO and CAFSA and was more likely to reach the global optimal solution.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.341-349
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• 2013

This paper considers the optimum design of flexbeam cross-sections for a full-scale bearingless helicopter rotor, using an efficient hybrid optimization algorithm based on particle swarm optimization, and an improved genetic algorithm, with an effective constraint handling scheme for constrained nonlinear optimization. The basic operators of the genetic algorithm, of crossover and mutation, are revisited, and a new rank-based multi-parent crossover operator is utilized. The rank-based crossover operator simultaneously enhances both the local, and the global exploration. The benchmark results demonstrate remarkable improvements, in terms of efficiency and robustness, as compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. The developed algorithm is adopted for two baseline flexbeam section designs, and optimum cross-section configurations are obtained with less function evaluations, and less computation time.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.19-29
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• 2000

The purposes of this thesis lies in the study of marketable design through understanding of skiwear design and its market. This was done through the analysis of the present state of, and the growth of its market, modern fashion industry and the consumer, through skiwear related periodicals. I undertook the task of understanding current design trends through a study of catalogs by well-known ski wear brands, firsthand observation and photographing at ski resorts. The characteristics of present fashion industry lie in the realization of global merchandising, expansion of discount stores and tele-sales, demands for susceptible store interiors and change in consumer behavior. The market created outside of mainstream skiwear, focuses on the growth of the sportive mood over all areas of fashion, and among these developments. Skiwear trends begin to show tendencies to subdivide. Skiwear design can be divided into groups of functional sportswear for professionals, practical, snowboard-wear that combines as street-wear and finally elegant, feminine style.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07b
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• pp.623-625
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• 1998

This paper focuses on the fast convergence in nonlinear parameter optimization which is necessary for the fitting of nonlinear models to data. The simulated annealing(SA) and genetic algorithm(GA), which are widely used for combinatorial optimization problems, are stochastic strategy for search of the ground state and a powerful tool for optimization. However, their main disadvantage is the long convergence time by unnecessary extra works. It is also recognised that gradient-based nonlinear programing techniques would typically fail to find global minimum. Therefore, this paper develops a modified SA which is the SDS(Stochastic deterministic stochastic) algorithm can minimize cost function of optimal problem.