• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1980년도 학술대회지
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• pp.187-191
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• 1980

From its effects on a variety of symptoms, red ginseng powder proved clinically usable as a the-rapeutic for many diseases

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2014

In order to observe the change of ginsenosides, two simplified decoctive conditions are set up aqueous citric acids (0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM) with ginseng powder (3 g) and Schisandrae Fructus (0, 1, 2, 3 g) with ginseng powder (3 g). Decoctive temperature and duration are $95^{\circ}C$ and 1.5 h. The contents of major ginsenosides are decreased by increasing concentration of citric acid. But the contents of converted ginsenosides have not been a noticeable increase. In the decoctive condition with Schisandrae Fructus, the contents of major protopanaxdiol ginsenosides seriously decreases that compared with major protopanaxtriol ginsenosides. Therefore, Schisandrae Fructus provides the condition that predominantly converts protopanaxdiol ginsenosides in ginseng decoction.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.78-84
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• 2013

Powders prepared from three different varieties of Korean ginseng (white, red and black) are consumed daily by many Koreans as a functional food material. These variants exert a variety of physiological effects. The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of Yanggaeng prepared with three different types of ginseng powder. We conducted tests for ginsenosides content, Hunter's color values, mechanical characteristics, and sensory evaluation analysis. The ginsenosides of black ginseng were higher than those of white and red ginseng. The lightness of the black ginseng Yanggaeng was significantly less than the white, red, and control samples (p<0.05). We noted significant differences in Hunter's a and b values. With regard to the mechanical properties of the samples, we noted significant differences in gumminess (p<0.05), but no differences in hardness, springiness, chewiness, and cohesiveness were detected. The results of sensory evaluation showed that there were significant differences in the color, flavor, and overall quality of the samples (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences in taste and texture. Overall, red ginseng Yanggaeng appeared to have the most commercial value for improving the Yanggaeng product.

• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2000

The objectives of this study are to discriminate the geographical origin and cultivation years of ginseng based on the near-infrared(NIR) reflectance spectroscopic analysis. Korea and China ginseng samples were prepared for discrimination of geographical origin. 4, 5 and 6 years-old ginseng samples from Korea were prepared for discrimination of cultivation years. Used spectrometer were InfraAlyzer 500, InfraAlyzer 400 and Fiber optic. Sample type of ginseng was 3, whole ginseng radix, slide section and powder type. The accuracy was affected by sample types and instruments. The accuracy for discrimination geographical origin was 97% in calibration model using IA 500 and ginseng powder. For discrimination of cultivation years, the model with slide selection using IA500 were relative accurate. The accuracy was 96.7% for 4-year, 91.3% for 5-year and 89.3% for 6-year old ginseng. The study shows that NIR spectroscopic analysis can be used to discriminate the geographical origin and cultivation years of ginseng with acceptable accuracy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

The growing market for companion animals, combined with their increasing lifespan, has generated an increased interest in companion animal immunity enhancers. Ginsenoside, a saponin component of ginseng and an essential ingredient of red ginseng marc (produced during red ginseng production), is effective in improving immunity. In this experiment, a powder mixture of red ginseng marc and steamed red ginseng extract powder (RGME) was orally administered to dogs for eight weeks. Subsequently, blood samples were collected and tested every four weeks. In addition, canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (cPBMCs) were stimulated with or without interleukin-2 (IL-2) to evaluate their proliferation and cytokine secretion abilities. Proliferation assay suggests that the administration of RGME effectively enhanced numbers of cPBMCs under IL-2 stimulation. Furthermore, in the RGME group, a significant increase in the concentration of interferon gamma released from cPBMCs under IL-2 stimulation was observed. In conclusion, RGME might be an effective health supplement for improving immunity in dogs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1992

This study was divised to observe the effects of defatted(by petroleum ether) Korean ginseng on the cholesterol level of Sprague-Dowley Albino male rats by alternating the diet. 130 heads of weaned rats having 83$\pm$4g of body weight were fed with each stock diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0% defatted ginseng powder for 4 or 8 weeks, and after that fed with stock diet only for 8 or 4 weeks. Total cholesterol and free form cholesterol contents in serum, liver and aorta of them were determined, and compared with the each corresponding group which was fed with defatted ginseng control diet for 12 weeks. Total cholesterol and free form cholesterol contents in the serum were increased caused by the alternating diets which was fed on 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0% defatted ginseng diet for 4 and 8 weeks after being fed on stock diet for 8 and 4 weeks, conversely total cholesterol contents in the aorta were decreased by the same alternating diets. Free form cholesterol contents in the serum, liver and aorta of the group which was fed on 1.0% defatted ginseng diet 8 weeks after being fed on stock diet for 4 weeks were increased, but that of the group which was fed alternately on 3.0% defatted ginseng diet were decreased than the corresponding defatted ginseng control diet group.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2009

일반전두부와 비교하여 인삼분말을 첨가한 전두부는 일반성분, 색도, 수분함량에서의 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 미생물의 경우 인삼분말 2%첨가 전두부는 저장 15일에서 만 일반세균 3.51 LogCFU/g이 나타났고, 일반전두부는 12일에 일반세균 4.48 LogCFU/g, 15일에 4.81 LogCFU/g로 각각 나타내었으며 대장균의 경우 일반전두부에서만 15일에 3.57 LogCFU/g로 나타나 인삼분말 2%첨가 전두부가 일반전두부와 비교하여 저장성이 향상되었다. 이는 인삼의 사포닌성분과 폴리아세틸랜 성분에 의하여 항균성이 우수하여진 것으로 나타났다. 인삼분말을 2% 첨가한 전두부는 무첨가구에 비하여 저장기간 동안 다소 높은 조직감을 나타냈다. 관능평가에서 초기 0 일의 일반전두부가 최종 15일의 저장기간 동안 모든 항목의 척도가 낮아졌으며 관능평가 품질이 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 반면 인삼분말을 2% 첨가한 전두부는 저장기간 동안 유의적인 차이가 없이 안정된 관능평가품질을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1994

The authors have already shown that 6 year old red ginseng extract or its powder has remarkable anticarcinogenic effects. In this study, we further investigated whether fresh ginseng or white ginseng has similar anticarcinogenic effects and also if their anticarcinogenic effects are related to the types and ages of ginseng using Yun's anticarcinogenicity test (9 week medium term bioassay model). Dried fresh ginseng and red ginseng at 1.5, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years, and while ginseng at 3, 4, 5 and 6 years were used. The following results were obtained: 1) In the dried fresh ginseng treated groups, the incidence of lung adenoma induced by benzo(a)pyrene was 41.39) and its incidence was reduced to 31.2%, 30.0%, 31.3%, 30.7% and 27.8% after co-treatment with 1.5, 3, 4, 5 and 6 year-dried fresh ginseng, respectively. A significant effect was observed only in 6 Year-dried fresh ginseng. 2) In the white ginseng treated groups, the incidence of lung adenoma induced by benzo(a)pyrene was 45.0% and its incidence decreased to 41.3%, 38.0%, 31.6%, and 25.3% after co-treatment with 3, 4, 5 and 6 year-white ginseng, respectively. Five and 6 year-ginsengs showed significant inhibition of lung adenoma. 3) In the red ginseng treated groups, the incidence of lung adenoma induced by benzo(a) pyrene was 48.6% and its incidence diminished to 37.9%, 41.7%, 31.7%, 28.3% and 25.5% after co-treat-melt with 1.5, 3, 4, 5 and 6 year-red ginseng, respectively. In 4, 5 and 6 year-ginsengs, the anticarcinogenic effect was prominent. From the above results, we concluded that a significant anticarcinogenic effect was observed in 6 year-dried fresh ginseng, 5 and 6 year-white ginsengs, and 4, 5 and 6 year-red ginsengs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.425-434
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• 2006

일반적인 프레스햄을 대조구로 설정하고, 인삼분말 첨가수준을 달리하여 4 처리구로 설정하였으며, 등심 원료육 중량에 대하여 처리구별로 0.5%(처리구 1), 1%(처리구 2), 1.5%(처리구 3), 2%(처리구 4)를 첨가하여 프레스햄을 제조한 후 진공포장하여 냉장온도(4℃)에서 1, 7, 14, 21 및 28일간 저장하면서 전단가, 관능적 특성분석, 지방산화 및 지방산 조성변화 등을 조사하여 품질 특성을 규명하고자 실시하였다. 전단가는 대조구와 인삼분말 첨가구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 모든 처리구가 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 감소하였다. 관능적 특성 중 육색은 인삼분말 첨가구에 비하여 대조구가 유의적으로 높았으며, 인삼 향은 인삼분말 첨가수준이 증가할수록 유의적으로 증가하였으며, 전체적인 기호성은 대조구에 비하여 인삼분말 첨가구가 다소 높은 경향이었다. 모든 항목에서 저장기간이 경과하여도 뚜렷한 경향은 없었다. 지방산화는 인삼분말 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았으며(P<0.05), 지방산화는 모든 처리구가 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 지방산 조성은 대조구와 인삼분말 첨가구간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 저장기간의 경과에 따른 변화는 없었다.이상의 결과 프레스햄 제조시 인삼분말 첨가가 전단가, 관능적 평가 및 지방산 조성에 영향을 미치지 않으며, 제품의 저장기간을 연장 및 사포닌 성분이 축적된 고급 육제품 생산이 가능하다고 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1109-1113
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• 2005

압출성형 온도에 따른 백삼과 홍삼분말의 팽화현상을 살펴보기 위해 팽화율, 미세구조 및 유동특성을 분석하였다. 압출성 형 공정 변수는 원료(백삼과 홍삼가루)와 사출구 부위온도($100^{\circ}C$ 와 $115^{\circ}C$)로 설정하였다. 사출구 부위온도가 $120^{\circ}C$ 이상의 고온에서 잘 팽화되지만, 백삼분말과 홍삼분말은$100^{\circ}C$에서 사출구 직경방향으로 팽화율이 높았으나 $115^{\circ}C$로 증가와 함께 사출구 직경방향 팽화율은 감소하였으나 가로 방향으로 팽화율이 증가하여 비연속적인 팽화가 일어나 압출성형물 표면은 기공의 파열에 거칠었다. 또한 백삼 압출물의 미세구조는 사출구 온도$100^{\circ}C$에서 기공이 작고 균일하였지만 $115^{\circ}C$로 증가와 함께 기공의 파열에 의해 기공의 크기가 불균일하고 크기도 증가한 것을 관찰하였다. 백삼분말과 압출성형 백삼분말은 의가소성유체였으며 고유점도는 사출구 부위온도가 증가함에 따라 감소하여 사출구 부위온도의 증가와 함께 백삼전분의 구조가 파괴되어 분자량이 감소하는 것으로 판단되었다. 분자량의 감소와 함께 용융반죽의 점도가 낮아져 압출성형 온도 $115^{\circ}C$에서 직경 팽화율의 감소와 함께 불연속적인 팽화가 일어난 것으로 판단되었다.