• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.152-155
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• 2000

Cultural Conditions for the Improvement in Gibberellic Acid Productivity by a Mutant of Gibberellafujikuroi ATCC 12616-Gibberella fujikuroi G-36 . Dh, Young-Jun. Department of Food and Biotechnolog}'r Dongshm Umversity, Naju 520-714, Korea - A mutant Gibberella jujih/roi G- 36 was selected by metagenesis of G/bberella fitjikuroi ATCC 12616 with mutagens such as N-methy1-N'~nitro~N"nitrosoguanidine and hydroxylamine for improving productivity of gibberellic acid. The mutant strain produced gibberellic acid (70 mg/l) more than that of wilde type. A fermentation medium containing glucose, $NH_4N0_3$, $MgS0_4$, $KH_2P0_4$ and trace elements was deve]oped for the maximal production of a gibberellic acid by the mutanL The Guctuating cultural temperature that was vaded from 300e to 20DC resulted in higher GA yield than that of fixed cu1tura] temperature at $28^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 1977

This study was made in order to determine which Gibberella species were occurring on rice stems and seeds in the field, and their survival 5 months after harvest time. An average 12% of plants infected with 'Bakanae' disease occurred in 4 fields planted with non-treated seed. Prior to harvest, more perithecia of Gibberella moniliformis occurred on infected rice stems than of Gibberella rosea. But Gibberella rosea was most common on the seed, and perithecia of this species also survived best until spring. F. moniliforme, F. roseum and Ophiobolus sp. were isolated from seedlings planted from naturally infected seed at the rates of 10, 25 and 8% respectively and from infected stems at rates of 3, 10 and 2% respectively. Perithecia of Gibberella rosea survived through the winter on naturally infected rice stems when kept dry indoors, buried in field soil, or places in straw stackes in the field. They did not survive on straw left on the soil surface during the very cold and dry conditions of the 1976-'77 winter.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.119-122
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• 1995

A different form from Gibberella fujikuroi was isolated from the paddy field of Naju area. The strain, designated as Y107, was identified as Gibberrella sp. based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. The highest production of Gibberellic acid by the strain was achieved in a fermentation medium containing corn starch, glucose, soybean oil, soybean meal, NH$_{4}$NO$_{3}$, K$_{2}$HPO$_{4}$, MgSO$_{4}$, and trace elements.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.16 no.2 s.31
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• pp.115-119
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• 1977

Fusarium spp. were isolated from field grown rice, wheat and barley in 1976. The pathogens isolated included Fusarium (Calonectria) nivale, F. (Gibberella) moniliforme and F. (Gibberella) roseum 'Graminearum' and 'Avenaceum'. Among the saprophytes F. (Nectria) episphaeria was isolated. In each of these isolated both the Fusarium and perfect stages were found. F. nivale, and F. episphaeria with there Calonectria, and Nectria stages do not seem to have been recorded previously in Korea. Of the Fusaria isolated, $66.3\%$ from rice were F. moniliforme, and $68.2\%$ from wheat and barley were F. roseum 'Graminearum'. Perithecia also were produced under laboratory conditions. F. moniiforme was recovered wheat heads and also from barley seed.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 1971

Gibberella fujikuroi(imperfect stage Fusarium moniforme) a soil fungi is well known as the producer of plant growth regulator Gibberellins. The present work was planned for the isolation of the active strains of Gibberella fujikuroi from the native paddy soils. Twenty two strains were isolated from the infected rice seedlings collected from four local areas. Pyongtaek, Yesan, Tangjin and Sunchon and screened through the activity test for the production of Gibberellins. The strains P-105, Y-14 and T-58 yielded higher activity than the others isolated and the referred strain IAM-8048. The strains Y-5, Y-7, T-54 and S-152, however, were less promotive or rather inhibitory in the growth of rice seedlings. Six different kinds of culture media developed by Cross, Raulin-Thom, Borrow, West, Stodola and Kurosawa respectively were compared with each other for the production of Gibberellins and the best result was obtained with Raulin-Thom's media(glucose 16% and $NH_4NO_3$ 0.24%).

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.189-193
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• 2018

Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of Gibberella moniliformis JS1055 endophytic fungus derived from a halophyte, Vitex rotundifolia, led to the isolation of nine compounds including 7-butyl-6,8-dihydroxy-3(R)-pent-11-enylisochroman-1-one (1), 7-butyl-6,8-dihydroxy-3(R)-pentylisochroman-1-one (2), 7-butyl6,8-dihydroxy-3(R)-pentylisochroman-1-one (3), $5{\alpha},8{\alpha}$-epidioxyergosta-6,9(11),22-trien-3-ol (4), ergosterol peroxide (5), tetradecanoic acid (6), 8-O-methylfusarubin (7), nicotinic acid (8) and adenosine (9). They were identified by extensive spectroscopic data analysis including 1D, 2D ($^1H-^1H$ COSY, HSQC, HMBC) NMR, and ESIMS. All the isolates (1-9) are reported for the first time from this endophytic fungus.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 2008

Aurofusarin is a polyketide pigment produced by some Fusarium species. The PKS12 and GIP1 genes, which encode a putative type I polyketide synthase (PKS) and a fungal laccase, respectively, are known to be required for aurofusarin biosynthesis in Gibberella zeae (anamorph: Fusarium graminearum). The ten additional genes, which are located within a 30 kb region of PKS12 and GIP1 and regulated by a putative transcription factor (GIP2), organize the aurofusarin biosynthetic cluster. To determine if they are essential for aurofusarin production in G. zeae, we have employed targeted gene deletion, complementation, and chemical analyses. GIP7, which encodes O-methyltransferase, is confirmed to be required for the conversion of norrubrofusarin to rubrofusarin, an intermediate of aurofusarin. GIP1-, GIP3-, and GIP8-deleted strains accumulated rubrofusarin, indicating those gene products are essential enzymes for the conversion of rubrofusarin to aurofusarin. Based on the phenotypic changes in the gene deletion strains examined, we propose a possible pathway for aurofusarin biosynthesis in G. zeae. Our results would provide important information for better understanding of naphthoquinone biosynthesis in other fdarnentous fungi as well as the aurofusarin biosynthesis in G. zeae.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2011

Gibberella zeae (anamorph: Fusarium graminearum), a homothallic (self-ferile) ascomycete with ubiquitous geographic distribution, causes serious diseases in several cereal crops. Ascospores (sexual spores) produced by this fungal pathogen have been suggested as the main source of primary inoculum in disease development. Here, we report the function of a gene designated GzRUM1, which is essential for ascospore formation in G. zeae. The deduced product of GzRUM1 showed significant similarities to the human retinoblastoma (tumor suppressor) binding protein 2 and a transcriptional repressor, Rum1 in the corn smut fungus (Ustilago maydis). The transcript of GzRUM1 was detected during the both vegetative and sexual stages, but was more highly accumulated during the latter stage. In addition, no GzRUM1 transcript was detected in a G. zeae strain lacking a mating-type gene (MAT1-2), a master regulator for sexual development in G. zeae. Targeted deletion of GzRUM1 caused no dramatic changes in several traits except ascospore formation. The ${\Delta}$GzRUM1 strain produced perithecia (sexual fruit bodies) but not asci nor ascospores within them. This specific defect leading to an arrest in ascospore development suggests that GzRUM1, as Rum1 in U. maydis, functions as a transcriptional regulator during sexual reproduction in G. zeae.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.259-269
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• 1999

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.139-145
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• 2002

Gibberella fujikuroi is species complex. This species complex includes Fusarium tabacinum, F. moniliforme(=F. verticillioides), F. nygamai, F. proliferatum as well as F. subglutinans. Our objective was to develop a technique to differentiate between isolates of F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides. Thirty-two strains of F. subglutinans, six strains from F. verticillioides and five strains of F. Proliferatum isolated from maize in Austria were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). F. subglutinans strains clustered very closely, with similarity ranging from $87{\sim}100%$. On the other hand, all the amplification patterns of F. verticillioides were identical, as well as in the case of F. proliferatum. Our results indicated that these Fusaria species are distinct species and hence RAPD markers can be quick and reliable for differentiating them.