• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.59-68
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• 2008

The reinforcement method for reducing fever prescribe sweet and warm drugs for reinforcing the middle heater and raising Yang(陽) and sweet and cold drugs for purging the pathogenic fire. Bojung-ikgitang(補中益氣湯) is representative prescription based on the reinforcement method for reducing fever. Therefore it is ought to be regarded as prescription for syndromes to show the impairment of Gi(氣), blood, fluids, and humors for pathogenic fire.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.6
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• pp.176-188
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• 1993

After studing on the type of Bi(肥) and Su(痩) of Body in 'Yellow Emperior's Nei-Ching', I reached the following conclusions; 1. The specific charactor of bi(肥) and su(痩) were explained in table 1. 2. The specific charactor of gi(脂), ko(膏) and youk(肉) were explaned in table 2. 3. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of YinYang(陰陽), bi(肥) belongs to Yin(陰) and su(痩) belongs to Yang(陽). Also the each of bi(肥) and su(痩) could obserbed by the view of YinYang(陰陽). The type of su(痩) easily becomes to yanghea(陽虛) because chi(氣) easely becomes to exhaust also easely becomes to yinhea(陰虛) because blood(血) easely becomes to exhaust. So the outer of body is cold, the inner of body is hot. The type of bi(肥) easely causes YinYang(陰陽) to exceed because blood(血) easely becomes to black and turbid(血黑以濁), chi(氣) easely becomes to rough and slow(氣澁以遲). So the outer of body is hot, the iner of body is cold 4. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of viscera, in view of upper and lower(上下觀點) su(痩) is yang(陽) so heart and lung belongs to su(痩) bi(肥) is yin(陰) so liver and kidney belongs In bi(肥). in view of inner and outer(內外觀點) su(痩) is inner(內) so heart 3I1d liver belongs In su(痩) bi(肥) is outer(外) so lung and kidney belongs to bi(肥). 5. Obserbing the type of bi(肥) and su(痩) by the view of body constitution(體質), partially body constitution was divided into gi(脂), ko(膏) and youk(肉), entirely there was OhtaeinLon(五態人論) and four constitutional medicine(四象醫學) I thing that taeyangin(太陽人) and soyangin(少陽人) belong to su(痩), taeyinin(太陰人) and soyinin(少陰人) belong to bi(肥).

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.173-196
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• 2012

Object : From the ancient times, the importance of childbirth has been well recognized by Korean Traditional Medicine. Numeral methods have been developed to ease the labor process and keep the mother and child healthy from conception to labor. Bulsusan(佛手散) is one of the main remedies to healthy labor in KTM, both widely known and applied as well. Method : This paper examines the labor theory and practice of KTM focused on Bulsusan which is composed of Angelica gigas Nakai(當歸) and Cnidium officinale MAKINO(川芎). Result : 1. From the ancient times until the Q$\bar{i}$ng period, much attention was placed to the handling of the placenta, as it was conceived as bearing much relation to the health of the mother and her fate, and thus included in the labor process. 2. There was a recognition of the 'birth pulse[離經脈]', an intense change in the pulse that presents itself prior to somatic signs of labor. 3. There were numerous prescriptions that were administered beforehand to ease the process. They are mostly constituted with medicinals that nurture Gi(氣) and stimulate its flow, which in turn makes the fetus firm and reduces the volume, easing the labor process. 4. The medical practice of labor-induction was called 'Choesaeng(催生)'. The prescriptions which functioned as such were mostly constituted with blood medicinals such as Angelica gigas Nakai and Cnidium officinale MAKINO, those which nurture both Gi(氣) and blood, and medicinals that physically lubricate the labor pathway such as honey, oil and Talcum(滑石). Conclusion : Bulsusan can be used in most problems concerning pregnancy and labor, and cases of emergency blood loss due to injury. The term 'bulsu(佛手)' infers to the medical ability of the great doctor who takes care of major blood-loss situations resulting from discharge of dead fetus, cesarean delivery, etc. The prescription name takes after this meaning, as it deals with similar conditions in its effect.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.24-51
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to introduce Whidam's Su-Gi therapy(WST.) as a remarkable traditional manual therapy. Main subject : WST. is a traditional manual therapy from Do-In(導引) An-Kyo(按蹻) that treats disease by controlling Gi(Gi-Gong therapy). It makes treatment effects by pushing Sa-Gi(邪氣) which becomes aggregation-accumulation(積聚) to right places by using pointillage, stroking, and rubbing with doctor's focused intention(意念). The cervical spine connects body and brain, so treating cervical spine could be a foundation of all treatment. Discussion : WST. is a manual therapy that treats not only muscles, nerves, vessels, joints but also Oriental medicine concept-meridian, acupoint and Gi(氣). Conclusions: 1) WST. is a traditional manual therapy using Gi-Gong, 2) WST. changes Sa-Gi(邪氣) into Jung-Gi(正氣), which means curing aggregation-accumulation(積聚), 3) Cervical WST. treats a passage that connects upper and lower parts of human body; heart and brain, and 4) Cervical WST. is a treatment to activate So-Ju-Cheon(小周天), which controls human body immunity.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.35-37
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• 2010

The Medical Beauty in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" is characterized by the establishment of the unity of man and nature, human and social unity, the unity of human body organs and meridians, Gi-Blood[氣血] human essence unity, the unity of body and spirit. The harmony of Jang(臟) and Bu(腑), blood and Gi(氣), Eum and Yang and mental and physical health are essential to the beauty, and the harmony of internal and external environment must not be overlooked. In a word, the Medical Beauty in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" is the thought of strong and handsome which based on cultivating health to prevent disease and aging.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Wi Syndrome(痿證) mainly occurs from fluid damages[津液損傷] caused by heat in Gi(氣) phase of the Five viscera, while it sometimes come from the outside. Although the symptoms are presented in the limbs, the disorder roots in the Five viscera, most deeply located in the human body, Therefore, to approach the disorder, we must apply differentiation of the Five viscera in diagnosis. The Lungs, as the head of the Five viscera control the production and distribution of bodily fluids in the body. Functional disorder of the Lungs bring about Wi Syndrome regardless of it being in the Gi phase. Also, psychological depression leads to Wi Syndrome, In other words, depression and uneasiness easily results in the state of Gi blocking and fluid exhaustion in this modern society where there is less manual labor and excessive use of the brain. Besides Gi blockage, the top muscle[宗筋] theory is another important mechanism in the occurrence of Wi Syndrome. Moreover, the disorder is related to Yangmyeong(陽明), which is the sea of food, Chungmaek(衝脈) which is the sea of meridian, in addition to Immaek(任脈), Dokmeak (督脈) and Deameak(帶脈) which are all involved in Wi Syndrome. In conclusion, the Wi Syndrome happens when various factors involved lose balance and harmony with each other.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-56
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• 2007

The "Somun Jogyongron(素問 調經論)" describes excess and deficiency syndromes. The study suggests that excess syndrome(實證) is caused by vigorous pathogenic fire(火邪)(the spirit(神)), pathogenic dryness(燥邪)(Gi(氣)), pathogenic wind(風邪)(blood(血)), pathogenic dampness(濕邪)(physique(形)) or pathogenic coldness(寒邪)(will(志)). When pathogenic fire is dominant within the body, Gi and blood becomes excessive and come out of the body, but the body cannot take them back, leading to the symptom in which the patient cannot stop laughing. When pathogenic dryness prevails, the lung(肺) cannot function properly. This means that the convergence(收斂) function of the clearing the lung and descending Gi(肅降) is deteriorated, and the patient shows symptoms of dyspnea and cough. Strong pathogenic wind increases the ascencling Gi in the liver(肝氣) and fuel angry emotion when the patient becomes upset. When pathogenic dampness is dominant, spleen(脾) function drops due to lumping effects, and the patient will experience abdominal distention(腹脹), which will disturb urination and defecation. When pathogenic coldness prevails, abdominal distention occurs due to condensating effects, and Yang Gj(陽氣) in the kidney(腎) is disturbed, leading to digestion disorders and eventually water-grain dysentery. Deficiency syndrome is caused by the lack of essential Gi(精氣) in the five viscera(五藏). Deficiency of sprit means the lack of Gi in the heart(心氣), so the patient becomes vulnerable to sadness. Deficiency of Gi means the lack of Gi in the lung(肺氣), so the patient may have breathing disorders. Deficiency of blood means the lack of Gi in the Liver(肝氣), so the patient can be easily scared. Deficiency of physique means the lack of Gi in the spleen(脾氣), making it difficult to use arms and legs. Deficiency of will means the lack of Gi in the kidney(腎氣), so Gowl syndrome(厥證) can ensue.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.67-85
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• 2015

Objectives : To find appropriate constitutional therapy by understanding Hyeong and Gi from the perspective that "Gi is inner position, and Hyeong is outer position, and Yang converts to Gi, Eum makes Hyeong(氣裏形表, 陽化氣 陰成形)". Methods : 1. Defined Hyeong(形)and Gi(氣)and studied Wonhyeong(圓形) and Banghyeong(方形), the shapes that are formed as a result of Gi-movement. 2. Used 'Hyeong-Gi' concept to analyze physiological and pathological phenomena; classifies parts of the body into Sasang by extrapolating from WonBang concept; and studied Sasangchejil. 3. Based on the above 1 and 2, studied medical direction of Sasangchejil written in Hwangjenaegyeongsomun Tongcheon Results : 1. Wonhyeong is the result of Yang(陽) movement, whereas Banghyeong is the result of Eum (陰) movement. 2. Hyeong(body) can be classified into Won(圓, circle) and Bang(方, square) or more specifically into Won of Won, Bang of Won, Won of Bang, Bang of Bang. Each corresponds to Taeyang(太陽), Soyang(少陽), Taeeum(太陰), and Soeum(少陰). 3. The constitutional therapy can be formulated by refering to "Tongcheon(通天)" and by taking into consideration that each Sasang constitution has a bias toward Mok(木), Hwa(火,) Gum(金), Su(水). Conclusions : Basic treatment for round shaped people needs to be focused on a cure of Boeum(補陰) and Bojeong(補精), whereas for angular shaped people, treatment should be about Bogi(補氣) and Boyang(補陽). Treatment for Taeyangin(太陽人) should be about strengthening Ganeum(肝陰) and reducing Paeyang(肺陽) and for Soyangin(少陽人), the treatment needs to be strengthening Sineum(腎陰) and diminish Biyang(脾陽). Taeeumin(太陰人) should receive a cure that reinforces Pyeyang(肺陽) and brings Ganeum(肝陰) down, whereas Soeumin(少陰人) should have a cure that strengthens Gi and increases Yang.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.87-96
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• 2016

Objectives: Through this study, it would be expected to compare the characteristics of medicinal and acupuncture treatment. Method: Ontology DB of traditional Korean medicine has been used comparing medicinal and acupuncture treatment. Terms of the efficacy and the method of treatment were divided to predicate and object. And two groups were compared through contrasting the frequency of occurrence of significant words. Results: Predicates utilized more in medicinal treatment are the character ryeom[斂], go[固], pa[破], nae[內], and tu [透]. Predicates utilized more in acupuncture treatment are the character so[疏], jo[調], and seo[舒]. Object utilized more in acupuncture treatment is the character gi[氣]. Object utilized more in medicinal treatment is the character jeong[精]. Conclusions: In terms about the efficacy of acupuncture, there are many expressions associated with Qi[氣]. But expressions associated with Jing[精] are rare compare to medicinal treatment. There is a difference in language that represents the efficacy between medicinal and acupuncture treatment. In addition, there are some terms about efficacy that are not shared with each other due to the differences in disease treatment and the different branches of the two theories.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.317-327
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• 2000

Through the study about Che-Qi-Jung(諸氣證) concerned with phenomenon of stress, we concluded as fallow. 1. Stressors are recognized three parts, internal cause, external cause, non-interexternal cause, in the oriental medicine. And the reaction of the body about stressors, was expressed change of Qi(氣). 2. The vascular system and autonomic nervous system are tensed or relexed. Because the etiology of Yuk-Em(六淫), Chil-Jeong(七情) make lose up and down, in and out, circulation of Gi(氣). The symtom caused with stress are explained, divided into Chil-Qi(七氣), Gu-Qi(九氣), Joong-Qi(中氣), Qi-Tong(氣痛), Qi-Yuk(氣逆), Qi-Wool(氣鬱). 3. The symtom of Chil-Qi is recognized into psycholoQical stress and Mae-Haek-Qi(梅核氣). The symtom of Gu-Qi is composed of Chil-Qi and Han(寒), Youl(熱), Ro(勞). 4. The symtoms of Qi-Yuk and Joong-Qi are caused by the ascent of Hwa-Qi(火氣). And Hwa-Qi is made by rage and depression. Qi-Yuk is chronic symtom that the ascent of Hwa-Qi is made by out of function in up and down mechanism of Qi. Joong-Qi is acute symtom that patholoQical state of Qi-Yuk take place for a while by sudden psycholoQical shock. 5. The symtom of Qi-Wool is loss of funtion made by depressed state in physioloQical mechanism, and Qi-Wool is observed in depressive psychosis and hypochondriasis and psychogenic. 6. The symtom of Qi-Tong is the pain caused by interference of circulation of Qi-Hyul(氣血). PsycholoQical stimulation such as rage and depression, tense autonomic nervous system. This make convulsion in gastro-intestine or vascular circuluation or abdominal muscles, and the pain is caused by convulsion.