• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 1992

The effects of nacl concentration, temperatura, light and growth regulator(GA3, kinetin) on the tuber germination of s. maritimus were investigated. The germination percentage increased with decreasing nacl, showing salt tolerance through time, and with increasing temperature untile 20~30oC light / dark (12/12 hr) of optimal temperature. The multiplication of nacl and temperature on germination percentage and velocity, increased significantly in higher temperature than lower temperature in saline. The germination percentage showed high value in dark condition than in light condition which is the charracteristics of underground organ. and ga3 act as germination stimulator to overcome the inhibitory effect of nacl. The effect of ga3 showed significant differances on tubers of s. maritimus of germination but that of kinetin had a litter sffects on germination. Factors of nacl and temperature interacted significantly and the effects of nacl on germination percentage and velocity depended on temperature condition.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2021

As rice originates from tropical regions, low temperature stress during the germination stage in temperate regions leads to serious problems inhibiting germination and seedling establishment. Identifying and characterizing quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for low-temperature germination (LTG) resistance help accelerate the development of rice cultivars with LTG tolerance. In this study, we identified QTLs for LTG tolerance (qLTG5, qLTG9) and germination coefficient of velocity under optimal conditions (OGCV) (qOGCV7, qOGCV9) using 129 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between a low-temperature sensitive line Milyang23 and a low-temperature tolerant variety Gihobyeo. qLTG9 and qOGCV9 were detected at the same location on chromosome 9. At both LTG QTLs (qLTG5 and qLTG9), the alleles for LTG tolerance were contributed by the japonica variety Gihobyeo. At qOGCV7 and qOGCV9, the alleles for low temperature tolerance were derived from Milyang23 and Gihobyeo, respectively. The RILs with desirable alleles at two or more QTLs, i.e., GroupVII: qLTG5+qLTG9 (qOGCV9) and GroupVIII: qLTG5+qOGCV7+qLTG9 (qOGCV9), showed stable tolerance under low-temperature stress. Our results are expected to contribute to the improvement of tolerance to low-temperature and anaerobic stress in japonica rice, which would lead to the wide adoption of direct-seeding practices.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2004

Germination and emergence habits of Chinese milk vetch (CMV) were examined to obtain the basic information for the effect of environmental conditions and cultural practices on the seedling density. Seed germination tests with different water potentials, temperatures, and soil and water depths showed the environmental effects on the characters related to seed germination in CMV. Imbibition under different temperatures reflects that initial velocity was rapid at higher temperature, however, the times to full imbibition were not different between 15 and $25^{\circ}$. The optimal germination temperature for CMV germination was ranged from 15 to 20 and the germination was highly affected by water potential of media at relatively high temperature above $20^{\circ}$. When the seeds were sown in flooded condition the germination was not proportionally affected by water depth. In addition, there was no correlation between water depth and oxygen concentration. The germination of seeds flooded by 2cm water depth were poorly germinated compared to other depths. Results indicated that the germination of submerged seeds was more highly influenced by flooding depth than the temperature, it was also affected more strongly at 10 than $20^{\circ}$. Emergence of CMV depending on the thickness of covered soil was poor when the soil layer was greater than 5cm. In the experiment with seeds collected between 22 days after flowering (OAF) and 52 DAF, the highest germination ability of CMV seeds was observed at 39 DAF and germinability was decreased subsequently as seeds became mature. The lower germinability may be due to the enhanced seed dormancy.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.85-88
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• 2012

This study evaluated the germination rate of $Rheum$ $palmatum$ L. in Korea as affected by storage temperature, germination temperature, and a soaking treatment. The germination rate of $R.$ $palmatum$ L. stored at various conditions for 8 weeks was > 60%. The highest germination rate occurred at $25^{\circ}C$. The germination point of $R.$ $palmatum$ L. with soaking was started 1 day after application, and non soaked seeds germinated in 2 days. When $R.$ $palmatum$ L. was soaked with water, the germination rate was lower, but mean germination velocity was the highest. These results may help our understanding of variations in germination characteristics for seeds treated under different germination conditions.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.329-333
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• 2013

This study was carried out to compare the characteristics of seed germination and the first stage of growth in Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) by different light conditions such ass fluorescent light, dark and light emitting diode (LED). There was not much difference from the germination rate of C. wilfordii (Maxim.) in different light conditions for 10 days. The highest of germination rate occurred over 91.11 percentage by LED red condition at $26^{\circ}C$. Also mean germination velocity and promptness index were represented the highest results of 2.3 ea/day and 52.67 under red light, respectively. But mean germination time under both LED red and blue light was represented low data that it takes over three days for germinating of seed. Even though handling both LED red and blue lights, the germination uniformity was not constant. These results may help our understanding of variations in germination characteristics for C. wilfordii (Maxim.) seeds treated under different light conditions.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.393-397
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• 2012

This study was investigated seed germination of Rheum undulatum L. depends on storage temperature (-20, $5^{\circ}C$ and room temperature), germination temperature (5, 15, 25 and $40^{\circ}C$) and a soaking treatment (no soaking, 2 days and 4 days). There was not much difference from the germination rate of R. undulatum L. in storage temperature conditions for 8 weeks. The highest of germination rate occurred over 80 percentage at $25^{\circ}C$. When R. undulatum L. was soaked with tap water for four days, the average values of germination velocity and germination day were represented of 1.7 ea/day and 1.68 days. These results may help our understanding of variations in germination characteristics for R. undulatum L. seeds treated under various germination conditions.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.139-145
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• 1994

This study was intended to obtain the basic information on the germination status, changes of $\beta$-amylase activity and reducing sugar contents during seed germination of barley after an imposition of water stress by adding Polyethylene glycol solution. The effects of water deficit on germination were to be decreased in germination rate and velocity. Respiratory Quotient was increased as the osmotic potential in culture solution was decreased. But $\beta$-amylase activity and reducing sugar contents were decreased and the ratio of dry to fresh weight of germinated seeds was increased as the osmotic potential of the culture solution was decreased.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.209-214
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• 1991

The germination of seeds is developmentally complex process requiring water uptake, which is regulated by both genotypic and environmental factors. The present study was undertaken to determine the difference in germination characteristics, and to compare the ability of the logistic and Weibull functions to describe the cumulative germination curve when two levels of osmotic potential(0, -5 bar) were put to seeds of alfalfa, tall fescue, orchardgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass. The effects of grass type, osmotic potential, and their interaction on the total germination and coefficient of germination velocity were significant(P<0.01). The Weibull equation for predicting percent cumulative germination curve of alfalfa had significantly lower residuals than the logistic equation regardless of osmotic potential(P<0.01), indicating that the Weibull equation was more efficient than the logistic equation to fit the data of the percent cumulative germination of alfalfa. The rate parameter from the logistic equation was decreased under water stress, whereas the scale and shape parameters were increased. There were significant differences in days to 20% germination estimated from the logistic and Weibull equations.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

Background : Acer pictum is a deciduous tree belonging to the family Aceraceae. This study was conducted to collect basic data on mass propagation techniques by surveying the germination and growth characteristics of A. pictum seeds. Methods and Results : A. pictum seeds were harvested in 2014 on August 19, September 5, September 29 and October 31. The seeds were then sown on the same dates they were harvested. A portion of seeds harvested in August 2014 were stored at low temperatures and subsequently sown on March 11, 2015. The germination rate of A. pictum seeds was highest in seeds that were stored harvested on October 31. Mean germination time (MGT) was shortest and germination velocity (Rs) was fastest in seeds harvested on October 31. Root collar diameter, total root length, and dry weight were also highest from seeds collected October 31. Conclusions : A. pictum seeds harvested on October 31 had highest germination and growth rates compared with seeds harvested on earlier dates. It is expected that these results demonstrating optimum harvesting and sowing dates will be applicable to future seedling production for this tree species.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2010

Several experiments were conducted to investigate the germination characteristics among the Rumex crispus, R. japonicus, R. obtusifolius, and R. nipponicus. The germination point of R. japonicus was started 4 days after application, and then R. obtusifolius (5th), R. crispus (6th), R. nipponicus (10th) with appeared order. The optimum temperatures for germination of all tested Rumex spp. occurred at the $15^{\circ}C$. Especially, R. obtusifolius will have the widest germination range at $10^{\circ}C{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. To compared with 1996 and 2004 year selected R. japonicus germination were did not significantly difference, otherwise, all tested Rumex spp. on dark condition was not germinated. The parameters of germination characteristics of Rumex spp. were investigated mean germination rate (MGR, %), mean germination time (MGT, day), mean germination velocity (MGV, No./day), and coefficient of germination uniformity (CGU). The R. japonicus compared in tested Rumex spp. showed the highest MGR. The MGT and MGV of R. obtusifolius was appeared the earliest compared with R. obtusifolius and R. crispus.