• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.901-901
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• 2003

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2015

Although permeating injection is ideal for grouting reservoir embankments, it is usually combined with fracturing injection for grouting, which can disturb the original soil. Compaction with low expansive pressure followed by grout injection can overcome this problem. An expansive compaction (EC) packer was developed in this work to easily apply sequential injection and compaction at a work site. Furthermore, to achieve compaction around the grouting hole, a mixture of expansive admixtures and grout was injected with the EC packer to trigger an increase in volume of the grout material. This work verifies the compaction effect of the EC packer and the expansive admixture. It reports the concepts of the EC packer, the range of expansive compaction, the effectiveness of injection, and the results of indoor tests performed to verify the effectiveness of the expansive admixtures. The indoor testing comprised a preparatory test and the main test. The preparatory test assessed the admixtures for their compaction effects, while the main test measured and analyzed the admixtures' expansive force, pressure, and compaction effect with a mold to verify the effectiveness of the compaction effect.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.101-113
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• 2022

This study is planned with the aim of developing a systematic construction process based on the scientific and engineering theory of the water-sealing grouting construction applied to the tunnel excavation process during the construction of the downtown underground traffic network, so that the construction quality of the relatively backward domestic tunnel water-sealing grouting construction is improved and continuously maintained no matter who constructs it. The main contents of the improved tunnel water-sealing grouting can be largely examined in the classification of tunnel water-sealing grouting application and the definition of grouting materials, the correlation analysis of groundwater pressure conditions with groundwater inflow, the study of the characteristic factors of bedrock, and the element technologies and injection management techniques required for grouting construction. Looking at the trends in global research, research in the field of theoretical-based science and engineering grouting is actively progressing in Nordic countries (Sweden, Finland, Norway, etc.), Japan, Germany, and the United States. Therefore, in this study, the algorithm is established through theoretical analysis of the elements of tunnel water-sealing grouting construction techniques to provide an integrated solution including a construction process that can effectively construct tunnel water-sealing grouting construction.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

This study researches on global technology trend in each of composing technology, such as grouting material, grouting equipment, and construction management technology, which grouting technology has been founded upon to improve relatively inadequate domestic grouting technology and to establish the global standard for overseas expansion in the future. As far as grouting material is concerned, while High-Penetration and High-Strength micro cement ($1.5{\mu}m$) has been developed in 2000's in Japan, JinChun Kim et al. (2014) has been developing hybrid type micro cement grouting material and examining specifications of different kinds of projects and countries to analyze the trend of grouting equipment development. The specification contains detailed requisite specification for materials, mixers, pumps, agitators, and packers and it has to satisfy the standard of different countries to win global contracts. Grouting management technology can be divided into four different generations and Scandinavian countries, such as Sweden, Norway, and Finland, Japan, and South Korea are recently doing vigorous researches on the Fourth generation which merges grouting technology with ICT.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2017

In this research, we have extracted historical records regarding the geotechnology from the Goryeosa and the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty which are rated as ancient books that have objective views in the Goryeo Dynasty and the Joseon Dynasty in order to understand the national awareness and the social situation of the past events. We used the Korean history database system of National Institute of Korean History (NIKH) and collected related records by searching specific keywords such as volcano, mining, hot spring, and meteorite. According to the historical records, geological events such as the volcano and meteorite were regarded as important issues which were enough to be recorded in annals and surveyed by the dispatched government officials to the fields of events. In case of the hot springs, government officials conducted explorations of hot springs at king's orders and developed the potential areas of hot springs. Among the historical records on mining, the contents of geotechnology including the contents about discovered minerals and its locations can be easily found from those ancient books. Especially, it is possible to understand the history of geotechnology such as an establishment of modern organizations and a capitalistic flow for development through the history of the mining in the late Joseon Dynasty.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2021

This study is for the quality improvement of water-sealing & reinforcement grouting in tunnel of the construction of the underground transportation network underneath the city. Existing tunnel grouting process did not technically utilize P~q~t charts fully. It is due to the absence of technical methods to decide how P~q~t charts change in the presence of trouble and what the change represents in grouting. There were no standards to decide which chart pattern represents which ground characteristics, how to categorize ground types, and how to take measures according to the standards. This paper studies on the grouting type, ground characteristics, ground type categorizing method, and countermeasures for both general and algorithm-processed grouting in soil and rock layer to address the aforementioned problems. Newly improved P~q~t charts from grouting in soil was categorized into six different types. Different characteristics and categorization method was developed for each type. Countermeasures for each type of grouting process were developed so that on-site application can be readily available. Improved P~q~t charts for rock layer also have six different types of grouting. Each type was given the countermeasures for rock layer grouting process for easier applications. Therefore, it is expected to be used through out the entire process of grouting from preparation to the last report of the water-sealing & reinforcement grouting in tunnel of the construction of the underground transportation network underneath the city.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.136-138
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• 2009

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide an integrated solution which includes construction process that allows effective tunnel grouting and to develop a tunnel grouting programme by establishing an algorithm through theoretical analysis on tunnel grouting construction technique factors. In order to verify the developed tunnel grouting procedure and the effectiveness of the programme, they are applied on certain work sites. Values after the application are Lu = 0.31 and ground-water inflow = 0.191/min where as the pre-application value of ground-water inflow is 6.691/min which is approximately 35 times larger. This shows that Tunnel grouting construction effect is significant and suggests the possibility of the application of the process and the programme on future tunnel grouting construction.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.571-584
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• 2017

Slope mass rating (SMR) is commonly used for the geomechanical classification of rock masses in an attempt to evaluate the stability of slopes. SMR is calculated from the $RMR_{89-basic}$ (basic rock mass rating) and from the characteristic features of discontinuities, and may be applied to slope stability analysis as well as to slope support recommendations. This study attempts to utilize the SMR classification system for slope stability analysis and to investigate the engineering geological conditions of the slopes and the slope stability analysis of the Gas Flare site in phases 6, 7 and 8 of the South Pars Gas Complex in Assalouyeh, south of Iran. After studying a total of twelve slopes, the results of the SMR classification system indicated that three slope failure modes, namely, wedge, plane and mass failure were possible along the slopes. In addition, the stability analyses conducted by a number of computer programs indicated that three of the slopes were stable, three of the slopes were unstable and the remaining six slopes were categorized as 'needs attention'classes.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2005

This paper investigates P-S (load-settlement) relationship for the end-bearing Pile in granular material using the CRISP FE Program with the laboratory 2D model pile load test. In order to simulate the effect of end-bearing pile problem in the FEA, the author adopts several forms of slip element around the pile length and the pile tip. Through this study it was found that e degree of non-associated Plastic flow rule incoporated into the Mohr-Coulomb model for the end-bearing pile with the slip elements was a dominant factor in terms of numerical solution convergence. In contrast, the roller boundary used along the pile shaft showed a smooth convergence with respect to the degree of non-associated plastic flow rule.