• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.317-327
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• 2009

The aim of this paper is to analyse survey data on the geomorphological landscape of demilitarized zone(DMZ) and borderland which are collected through the national pilot study of natural environment by the Ministry of Environment. In addition, it is to explore applications on analytic results. Of total 356 geomorphological landscapes, River terraces have the highest share of the total, and the first grade is 57 landscapes(16.1%). This survey is significant in that the geomorphological landscape of DMZ and borderland by being access to the Northern Boundary Line is explored. The landscape has the only spatial characteristic over the world because it is within DMZ, and there is a high possibility to use for a geopark which is selected by UNESCO.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2013

This study collected national secondary and tertiary nationwide natural environment survey data of the National Institute of Environmental Research as well as the National Park's secondary and tertiary natural resource research data executed by the Korea National Park Service. The data collection is aimed at reclassification the geomorphological landscape resources of each park in varying types. The results generated a total of 3,169 geomorphological landscape resources within all the national parks. Among all the geomorphological landscape resources, 794 landscape resources were judged as Level I, which accounts for 36.9%. Next, 546 landscape resources were judged as Level II, or 25.3%, and 459 landscape resources judged as Level III, or 21.3%. Lastly, 191 landscape resources were judged as Level IV, having the lowest conservation level, or 8.9%. The number of Level I landscape resources for each national park includes 207 sites on Seoraksan, 92 sites on Dadohaehaesang Park, 84 sites on Jirisan, and 60 sites at the Taeanhaean, respectively. Dadohaehaesang National Park, Seoraksan National Park, Taeanhaean National Park, Jirisan National Park, Songnisan National Park, and Gyeryongsan National Park were evaluated as national parks having excellent landscape resources. To use these excellent landscape resources, there is a need to increase visitors' satisfaction and increase their interest in and understanding of landscape resources. To achieve this, a landscape viewpoint map must be composed and installed at the entrance or at certain points to provide visitors with useful information regarding the geomorphological landscape resources.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.218-231
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate essential information about the geological and geomorphological characteristics of the Odaesan landscape, in order to efficiently preserve and develop resources selected from among that are highly valuable scholastically and esthetically. A total of 147 geological and geomorphological landscape resources were studied during the course of this study. Landscape type mostly discovered was the tectonic topography, followed by the topographies of weathering, river, mountain, lacustrine, and periglacier, respectively in decreasing order. Among the varieties of geological and geomorphological landscape resources, 4 outcrops were utilized as tourist resources and 5 outcrops were considered as valuable sites for scientific research. Geological and geomorphological landscape resources for academic research were considered to have practical uses such as geological and geomorphological fieldwork for students and thematic geotourism courses for the public.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.495-513
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• 2004

The shape of land surface work as a cradle for various environmental processes and human activities. As spatially distributed process modelings become increasing important in current research communities, a classification system that delineates land surface into characteristic geomorphological units is a pre-requisite for sustainable land use planning and management. Existing classification systems are either morphometric or generic, which have limitations to characterize continuous ecological processes over the landscape. A new classification system was developed to delineate the land surface into different geomorphological units from Digital Elevation Models(DEMs). This model assumes that there are pedo-geomorphological units in which distinct sets of hydrological, pedological, and consequent ecological processes occur. The classification system first divides the whole landsurface into eight soil-landscape units. Possible energy and material nows over the land surface were interpreted using a continuity equation of mass flow along the hillslope, and subsequently implemented in terrain analysis procedures. The developed models were tested at a 12$\textrm{km}^2$ area in Yangpyeong-gun, Kyeongi-do, Korea. The method proposed effectively delineates land surface into distinct pedo-geomorphological units, which identify the geomorphological characteristics over a large area at a low cost. The delineated landscape units mal provide a basic information for natural resource survey and environmental modeling practices.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.96-105
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• 2010

This study identified the dynamic process of sandbar and vegetation distribution of the sandbar on the Tan-cheon River. The study area is located in the lower reaches of the Tan-cheon River that has been managed as an Ecosystem Reserve Area since 2002. For the study, the geomorphological process was analyzed through mapping analysis using a satellite image followed by analysis of the vegetation distribution through an on-site survey. The major findings were as follows : First, In the fluvial geomorphic process, various kinds of sandbars were developed in 1990s, the morphologic characteristics changing continuously. Second, In the distribution of vegetation on the sandbar, the sandbar shore was covered with bare sand substrate or intermittent annual vegetation because of the periodic fluctuation of the water-level due to intensive disturbances. Third, In the relationship between the sandbar formation and vegetation, four types of sandbars were classified: channel-shore stable bar, channel-shore unstable bar, mid-channel stable bar and mid-channel unstable bar, according to the fluvial disturbance & vegetation process. The study verifies that the vegetation distribution is reciprocally related to the geomorphological process. Accordingly, it is meaningful in the selection of plant species and the planting area of the sand bar. However, it is limited to the planting guidelines on river restoration projects. More diverse on-site experimental studies should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.117-131
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• 2017

This study was conducted to draw vegetation landscape elements in the ancient literature, investigate plant community structure, understand vegetation structure, and suggest reasonal conservation management methods. As a result of analyzing ancient literature, geomorphological landscapes in Guryong valley were canyon landscape and valley surrounded in Mt. Chiak. Plant landscape factors were as followed. Rhododendron spp. spread around valley. Also, Pinus densiflora communities were distributed in Guryong valley around. Especially, the entrance zones of Guryong valley were described as covered with Pinus densiflora and Whangchangkumpyo(黃腸禁標). Therefore, it was estimated that entry of Guryong valley was covered with Pinus densiflora community landscape. As for current vegetation result, the main vegetation was divided into mixed deciduous broad-leaved trees community and Pinus densiflora community. As a result of analysis by TWINSPAN for community classification, five communities(Deciduous broadleaved trees, Pinus densiflora, Pinus densiflora-Abies holophylla, Abies holophylla, and Pinus koraiensis community) were classified. To maintain historic plant landscape and conserve crucial resources, Pinus densiflora community was classified as concentrated conservation management area($105,472m^2$). To maintain Pinus densiflora landscape which has high historical and cultural value of Guryong valley, it was considered that active density control of lower layer vegetation would be necessary. Accordingly, to conserve P. densiflora landscape, Whangchangkumpyo(?腸禁標), that area was separated into Pinus densiflora lower layer forest management area($84,029m^2$) and Pinus densiflora seedling conservation management area($21,443m^2$). In understory of Pinus densiflora lower layer flora, the target tree species for elimination and management were Quercus serrata and Quercus mongolica. They were $4{\sim}6trees/100m^2$ and their average diameter was 7.1cm. To preserve Pinus densiflora seedlings, areas with Sasa borealis, the ground vegetation of Pinus densiflora community, rate of 80% or more should be selected as priority management areas and concentrated elimination and management of Sasa borealis should be implemented. Likewise, traditional Pinus densiflora forest is a historically cultural heritage to preserve with sustainable interest and survey. Efficient management method through systematic monitoring system should be made.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.41-52
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• 2010

Coastal lagoons(Ssangho, Gapyeongri wetland, Gunggaeho and Yeomgaeho) distribute densely around Osan-ri, Yangyang-gun. While Ssangho with the representative lagoon group in the East Coast has maintained the lagoon conditions of water surface since it was formed during the Climax of transgression, the others were formed at the swale areas of sand beach. They vary considerably in area reduction rates and position variations during the 20th century, and the causes examined can be divided into natural, human and other factors. They result in the lagoon aggradation stage by geomorphic development, reclamation due to rapid industrialization and urban development during the 20th century, and lacks of understanding on values of small coastal lagoon or errors in mapping and lags of survey techniques. Therefore, the plans for lagoon restorations should be proceeded by the individual properties of lagoons. The restorations of Ssangho are recommended preferentially and it is desirable to restore to the lagoon conditions of 1920s when the influences of human were minimum.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.51-68
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• 2012

This paper aims to investigate the value in culture, history and ecology of the Mt. Palgong. It attempts to build the strategy for making use of The Mt. Palgong by literature survey, interview, and field survey. The main results are as follows: 1) The boundary of physical geography of the Mt. Palgong is classified into two. The boundary of the Mt. Palgong limits to granite mass block in a narrow sense, while in a broad sense, the boundary of the Mt. Palgong includes a contact aureole to be bordered on the Mt. Palgong granite mass block. The boundary from a cultural viewpoint limits to Daegu city(excluding Dalseong county) and Gyeongsan city, Yeongcheon city, Gunwi county and Chilgok (Dongmyeong-myeon, Giseong-myeon) in Gyeongbuk province. 2) In the geological boundary, one of the south-west slope is clearer than that of the north-east slope of the Mt. Palgong. The landforms such as tor, sheeting joint and gutter are well developed as a whole. Mountain landform such as boulder stream, polygonal cracking is relatively well developed on the south-west slope, while river landform is relatively well developed on the north-east slope of the Mt. Palgong. 3) It is necessary to develope various masterpiece of interesting stories related to Mt. Palgong in order to make the Mt. Palgong excellent tour complex. 4) It is desirable to designate the Mt. Palgong as a national park for systematic management. A master plan should be ultimately designed to raise brand value of Daegu city, and make good identity of the city by restoring 'The Mt. Palgong Jecheondan' and registering 'Gatbawi' as world heritage. 5) It is reasonable that the method of development in The Mt. Palgong should be based on the pattern of 'slow life town'. 'The Mt. Palgong museum' will then be designed to give visitors all the informations on The Mt. Palgong.