• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.65-81
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• 2011

The landforms based on granite and basalt in Gosung, Gangwon province were analysed. Some part of this area experienced volcanic activities while most of the area was experiencing erosion of weathered mantle(saprolites) of mesoic granites during cenozoic period. Two different lithologies affect the mode of landscape evolution. The basalt covers the mountain tops as a 'cap rock' with flat surfaces. It shows relatively fresh rock surface with cliff or steep slops at the boundary with weathered granite. The blocks detached from the cliff accumulated at the foot of the cliff(talus) or moved and filled the valley(block streams). These debris slopes cover the deeply weathered granites. In the case of Oeum Mt. and Duibaekjae, the number of point of origin of the basalt flow is not clear. The orientation of blocks from block stream coincides with slope aspects and it can be assumed that the bolcks were moved by solifluction. The landscape change of the block streams are dominated by removal of weathered material from beneath of the valley rather than removal of bedrock blocks themselves.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the history of phenomenon(hereinafter called mass-movement) of movement of inorganic material originated from hillslope by denudation of hillslope surrounding the watershed during Holocen period in the Chaamgol watershed(hereinafter called study watershed) uppermost stream of Maegokcheon Cheonan-si Chungnam. To do this, for the object of allivium distributed in valley bottom of study watershed, facies analysis, radiocarbon dating and grain size analysis were conducted and geomorphological analysis on study watershed conducted together. The result is like the following. It was confirmed that over around 9,100yrBP~to recent due to a few times of mass-movement occurred in time scale of 10²~10³ years, a large quantity of inorganic material is mixed in organic material layer originated from wetland formed in valley bottom of study watershed or exists between organic material layers. And it was found that in study watershed, mass-movement occurred in instable period of hillslope after the Early Holocen existed at least 8 times (M1 period~M8 period) and wetland environment formed in the stable period of hill slope existed total 4 times (W1 period~W4 period). This analysis result will be used in the future as basic material in research of Holocen climate change of Maegokcheon watershed and in restoration of denudation process of hillslope following this.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

This work is to review the granite landforms studies by Korean geographers. It is verified that geomorphlogical characteristics of granite present landscapes characterized by 1) in case of mountains, are difficultly or irregularly weathered, so as to develop rocky forms such as domes, cliffs, and tors ; 2) in case of stream valley that is inter-massif lowland, low relief hills and flood plains with alluvium. All these facts owe to the difference of weathering mode granite properties. The granite hills and alluvial plains of southwestern coastal parts in Korean peninsula is low undulatory and large owing not only to the existence of highly weathered granitic regolith, but also to frequent flooding. Cultivated brownish field, orchard, meadow and forest are located at granite hills. On the other hand paddy rice field at granite alluvial plains. Korean peninsula have endured erodible geomorphlogical processes since Miocene when warping it up. Therefore many intermontane basins are located on the weathered granite areas which are surrounded by mountains composed of much less Precambrian gneiss complex. In fact, intermontane basin is mainly linear fault-line valley. The landforms of the intermontane basins are characterized by gentle piedmont slopes, alluvial fans, fluvial terraces and alluvial plains.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.17-33
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• 2011

This study summarizes the research history of fluvial terraces in Korea and examines the geomorphic properties of fluvial terraces in Korea based on the previous works. The research history of fluvial terraces in Korea can be divided into the three periods. The theories of fluvial terraces were spread by the early geomorphologists during the period of Japanese colonial era to mid-1980s. The dissertations on the fluvial terraces were intensively published during the late 1980s to 1990s and their discussions were the center of geomorphology researches in Korea. Since 2000s, the discussions have become more mature and researches have been quantitatively increased as the various methodologies have been developed. The fluvial terraces in Korea are mostly developed in the western and eastern parts of the Taebaek Mountains, upper and middle reaches of Han and Nakdong River, and in the western slopes of Sobaek Mountains, middle reaches of Namhan River, upper and middle reaches of Geum and Seomjin River. Along these rivers in actively uplifted areas, fluvial terraces with much higher altitude from riverbed are observable and incision rates are relatively high. In the sense of the formation ages, they have developed in not regular patterns by the climatic changes during the Quaternary, but in more complicated aspects by the environmental conditions such as climate, hydrology, geology and geomorphology in the specific drainage basins.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

We were to investigate the geomorphological environment of optimum location in the object of Bronze Age's dwelling site (hereinafter called dwelling site) of total of 205 units confirmed in the 'Cheonan Baekseokdong Relic Group' distributed in hill of the uppermost stream part in the watershed of Jangjae stream in Cheonan, Chungnam Province. To do this, we classified the hill of the object of investigation where dwelling sites were distributed as 8 units of slope micro-landforms and again by combining them with the grade of gradient of 5 units subdivided them into ultra-micro-landforms of total 40 units. On the foundation of this, in the viewpoints of 'gradients of each of micro-landforms' analyzed the 'number of dwelling sites' and 'dwelling site distribution density (measure: number of dwelling sites/1000m²) of 'Cheonan Baekseokdong Relic Group'. As the result, the optimum landform environment where the dwelling sites were located were found to be largely 5 units of ultra-micro-landforms - ① flat land of crest flat, ② gentle slope land of crest flat, ③ flat land of crest slope, ④ gentle slope land of crest slope and ⑤ semi-gentle slope land of crest slope. This analyzed material will be used from now on as basic material which can predict the distribution of dwelling sites of Bronze Age men who dwelled in the watershed of Jangjae stream.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.65-80
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• 2011

This is to find out geomorphological environment of optimum location for the object of dwelling site of Bronze Age (hereinafter called dwelling site) of total 177 unit confirmed in Yongducheon basin and Onyangcheon basin (hereinafter called investigation-object basin) in Asan-si Chungnam. To do this, hill of investigation-object basin where dwelling sites were confirmed was divided into 11 units of hillslope geomorphological and this was combined with the grade of 5 units of gradient and again subdivided into total 55 units of micro-landforms of Hillslope. Based on this, in the viewpoint of 'gradient of each of micro-landforms' analyzed 'number of dwelling sites' and 'dwelling site distribution density (unit: number of dwelling sites/1000m2)'. As the result, the optimum geomorphological environment where dwelling sites were located was largely confirmed be 5 units(① semi-gentle slope land of crest slope ②gentle slope land of crest slope ③ slope of upper sideslope ④ flat land of crest slope ⑤ flat land of crest flat). It is thought that this analysis data will be used in the future as basic data for the study of predicting distribution of dwelling sites in Bronze Age which might have been buried in the investigation-object basin.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.223-237
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• 2023

The Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex, having been completed over 50 years ago, is an old industrial complex, with deteriorating infrastructure and factory buildings. Despite this, there's a current urban industrial agglomeration centered on the machinery industry in the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex. This study aims to holistically analyze the physical deterioration of facilities in the aging industrial complex and the characteristics of industrial agglomeration to derive the identity of the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex. Based on the research findings, the complex is seeing an enhanced urban industrial agglomeration due to the influx of small-scale businesses resulting from concentrated trade networks in the metropolitan area and plot subdivision, permission for noise-producing processes, and the ease of securing highly-skilled technicians. However, this agglomeration coexists with a weakening of the complex's production function, limited innovativeness of resident companies, and non-innovative features resulting from weakened competitiveness in the metropolitan machinery industry. In summary, the identity of the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex is a 'Non-Innovative Urban Industry Agglomeration', an old industrial complex, witnessing non-innovative agglomeration based on a machinery industry network centered in the metropolitan area.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2024

As the seriousness of habitat destruction caused by development projects emerges, the importance of environmental impact assessment (EIA) is increasing to preserve biodiversity. In previous studies, research is being conducted to quantitatively evaluate the biodiversity impact of development factors and surrounding environmental factors on the landscape scale, but research on the factors affecting the reduction of biodiversity based on development projects is insufficient. This study examined whether independent variables (size of development project, type of the development, DEM, ecosystem and nature map, distance from the green land, distance from the protected area), which have been proven to effect biodiversity through the previous researches, have a significant effect on the change of richness index (RI) through multi-class logistic regression analysis, T-test, and analysis of the development type. As a result, only the size of development project and the first richness index in EIA showed p-value less than 0.05. And it was confirmed that the reduction in biodiversity was significantly changed in the following construction types: installation of sports facilities, energy development, and development of industrial location and industrial complex. Since the results of this study confirmed that the impact of the variables may be inconsistent depending on the analysis scale, additional study of necessary indicators at the development project is needed to analyze biodiversity changes in EIA accurately.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.449-460
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• 2006

This study aims to analyze distribution of natural lakes including lagoonal lake(lagoon) and tributary dammed lake(tributary lake) and calculate the size, morphology in order to interpret time-serial change of lakes using methodology of remote sensing images(1990s), GIS and topographic maps(1920s) in east coast of Korean Peninsular. Analysis results show that in 1990s, there are 57 natural lakes, with the total size of $75.62km^2$ over size $0.01km^2$. marine-origin lagoons are 48 with total size of $64.85km^2$, composing 85% of total natural lake, and the largest lagoon is Beonpo in Raseon City. Tributary lakes have been formed by damming of tributary channels by fluvial sand bars from main stream, located nearby at coastal zone, similar to lagoon sites. Large tributary lake, Jangyeonho, is developed in lava plateau dissection valley of Eorang Gun, Hamnam Province. There are more distributed at Duman River mouth$\sim$Cheongjin City, Heungnam City$\sim$Hodo Peninsular and Anbyeon Gun$\sim$Gangreung City. Geomorphometrically, correlation of size to circumference is very high, but correlation of size to shape irregularity is very low. The direction of lagoonal coast, NW-SE and NE-SW are predominated due to direction of tectonic structure and longshore currents. The length of the river into lake are generally short, maximum under 15km, and lake size is smaller, degree of size decreasing is higher. Geomorphic patterns of the lake location are classified as coast-hill range, coastal plain, coastal plain-channel valley, coastal plain-hill range and channel valley-hill range. During from 1920s to 1990s, change with lake size decreasing is highest at coastal plain-channel valley, next is coastal plain. Causes of the size decreasing are fluvial deposition from upper rivers and human impacts such as reclamation.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.40-57
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• 1993

This paper aims to show the various aspects of migration in Kwangju merropolitan area, southwestern Korea, for a period of years 1980-1985. Migratory patterns are spatially extensive in countryside around Kwanfju, and due to high accessibility to the metropolitan area urban implosion emerges in the city. In Chonnam province where Kwangju is loca-ted, all cities and counties except for such in-dustrial areas as Yochon, and Kwangyang are experiencing population losses in terms of net migration by survival rate methods. Kwangju is the exceptionally one of in-migration areas in Chonnam, though its central part(Dong-Gu) is also an out-migrated area. Predominantly in-migration urban areas have high proportions of a student age group between 15-19 years, and that reflects the importance of the educational factor in migration analysis. The municipal authorities of Kwangju are planning to block the way of the middle sxhool students who live in the outskirts of Kwangju to entrance to high school in the city. Thant may stir up migrations into Kwangju for the elementary and middle school students, because the city id expected to provide educational opportunities higher and better than remaining Chonnam areas. Population of Kwangju would, therefore, grow as the students migrate into the city. The findings on the residential intra-city movement in selected 5 Dongs indicate that implications of a short-distance movement re noteworthy; neighbour to neighbour, and the nearest stop in the way from the outer Kwangju as well. Trends in a short-distance movement are in accord with Ravensteins's "law of migra-tion". But in casw of the inter-provincial migra-tion to Kwangju, the number of in-migrants from remoter Seoul is more than that from nearer Chonbuk province. Therefore it supports the fact that the movement between capital region and far off local cities overcomes a distance barrier. The temporary mobility for a day has been increased as the standard of living has improved and it reaches a peak on weekend or on con-secutive holidays. The number of temporal movers to Kwangju from capital region and Yongnam area, southeastern Korea has a greatincrease in terms of the frequency of the passengers' mobility, in particular on Myongjol(the ethnic and traditional festival day) in com-parison with on weekdays. By comparison with two largest Myongjols, the number of movers is more on Chusok(The Full Moon festival on lunar August) than on Sol (lunar new year's day). Annual peak point of weekday movers appears in August because of summer vacation. But the lowest one appears in June, which is related to the busy farming season. A patients' move for medical services in on the increase with a change of living conditions. It is especially true in the industrial counties such as Kwangyang and Yochon. By way of conclusion, it should be pointed out that one of the problems we face in survey of migration volume by the survival rate method is that the survival rate somtimes exceeds the value 1.0, in normal states of which should be under 1.0. it may be due to the shortcoming from the census statistics. We should not give therefore too much stress on the importance of migrations or moves as an element of changes in spatial pattern. In cinclusion, the results of the study show some geographic facts as the followings: 1. One of the outstanding phenomena in all types of movement is the seletivity of ages. The most important factors are related to education and employment. 2. Short-distance movement is carried out in accordance with Ravenstein's law, but in case long-distance movement, in-migration from capital region is prominent in spite of remoten-ces. The gravity between large cities such as Kwangju and Seoul, which has a frequent human movenent, causes urban implosion of small cities between those cities. 3. The temporary mobility for a day, in con-trast to that of permanent movement, is more related to transportation, and its volumes and annual variations are a large-scale. 4. Passengers' mobility is high in industrial cities. And the scope of patients' mobility is narrower than passengers'.