• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.645-655
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• 2006

Apsan, as part of the main ecosystem of Daegu city, plays an important role for maintaining the environmental sustainability of the large city. Especially varieties of valuable resources, which are cultural, historical, biological, geomorphological and geological, are distributed around Apsan. Therefore the positive preservation plan is required. This paper aims to examine the environmental characteristics of Apsan and then suggests the following ideas for the environmental preservation and sustainable use of Apsan. 1) 'The New Map of Apsan' that includes more exact information needs to be produced. 2) The Apsan ecosystem management plan should be made under the precision natural ecology investigation. 3) For the protection of inanimate object resources, such as geographical feature and geology, the Geotourism Department needs to be established within Daegu metropolitan office of education or the tourism division of Daegu city government. 4) An effective environmental-impact-assessment system should be officially established. 5) the positive administrative and financial support system led by local NGOs is required for the Apsan environmental protection activities and education. 6) It is necessary to bring out into the open prayer sites to prevent forest fire. 7) 'The nature rest year system' enforcement is required to restore the damaged ecological space of Apsan.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.464-472
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• 2012

To assess the space-time clustering of FMD(Foot-and-Mouth Disease) epidemic occurred in Korea between November 2010 to April 2011, geographical information system (GIS)-based spatial analysis technique was used. Farm address and geographic data obtained from a commercial portal site were integrated into GIS software, which we used to map out the color-shading geographic features of the outbreaks through a process called thematic mapping, and to produce a visual representation of the relationship between epidemic course and time throughout the country. FMD cases reported in northern area of Gyounggi province were clustered in space and time within small geographic areas due to the environmental characteristics which livestock population density is high enough to ease transmit FMD virus to the neighboring farm, whereas FMD cases were clustered in space but not in time for southern and eastern area of Gyounggi province. When analyzing the data for 7-day interval, the mean radius of the spatial-time clustering was 25km with minimum 5.4km and maximum 74km. In addition, the radius of clustering was relatively small in the early stage of FMD epidemic, but the size was geographically expanded over the epidemic course. Prior to implementing control measures during the outbreak period, assessment of geographic units potentially affected and identification of risky areas which are subsequently be targeted for specific intervention measures is recommended.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.680-697
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• 2008

Goryeong, the center of Daegaya's historic culture, has pushed tourism development utilizing Daegaya's historic cultural resource. The tourist's cognition level of Goryeong is very low and the tourists of Goryeong have been decreased compared with them of Gyeongbuk. However, Goryeong has a variety of cultural tourism resources and geographical proximity with Daegu, and the potential of it attracts the tourism market. This research examines the tourism demands and supplies of Goryeong and then recommend the improvemental aspect of tourism po1icy and the developmental aspect of tourism resource in Goryeong. Goryeong needs the tourism po1icy to cotstruct the system which supplies the useful tourism information to tourism organizations and firms and to create the sustainable tourism product innovation. The tourism development should be pushed in two ways: the revitalization of the developed tourism resources and the creation of tourism product.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.144-155
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• 2015

Since the relocation project of equipment in 2011, the overall circumstances of KMA's agrometeorological observation have been significantly improved. Some concerns, however, emerged as a result of the evaluation of observational circumstances in terms of quality assurance after the field surveys on all stations. In order to improve the situation, we suggest: (1) establishment of clear management responsibilities, (2) enhancement of mutual cooperation system between relevant organizations, (3) detailed records of the changes in the observational circumstances, (4) standardization of equipment and sensors, (5) installation of unified information boards, (6) transfer of inappropriate facilities to an adjacent cropland and (7) setup of automated evaporation pan. In order to effectively utilize the high-quality data obtained through improvement of observational circumstances and an elaborate quality control, it is recommended to publish and disseminate regular reports on agrometeorological observations. To produce such a report on a trial basis, we have investigated different types of regular reports issued by domestic and foreign organizations, publication periods, geographical scope, main contents and amount. Based on our current situation, it would be beneficial to learn from the cases of Germany and Canada, which summarize mainly the distinctive agrometeorological phenomena occurred over the past years across the country.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.218-223
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• 2020

This study examined the accessibility of emergency rooms according to the population density and distance in Daegu Metropolitan City to help improve the quality and emergency medical accessibility problems in Daegu Metropolitan City. To observe the geographical requirements, the number of population in eup, myeon, dong, available emergency, and available emergency compared to the population were mapped through the S-GIS of Statistics Korea to visualize the data based on the 3km radius. To determine the difference in accessibility to emergency rooms for each district in Daegu Metropolitan City, the data were analyzed by ANOVA and Scheffe. According to the average number of emergencies available in Daegu Metropolitan City within a 3-kilometer radius were 5.7 in Jung-gu, 5.0 in Nam-gu, 1.6 in Buk-gu, 0.4 in Dong-gu, 2.4 in Seo-gu, 0.9 in Suseong-gu, 3.5 in Dalseo-gu, and 0.1 in Dalseong-gun; there was a statistically significant difference (p<.001). The available emergency within a 3km radius and available emergency per 1,000 people were concentrated in the center. Therefore, it may be necessary to institute an urban emergency medical network by establishing a point that serves as an intermediate hub to provide emergency medical care to citizens far from the center.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.407-427
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• 2004

The rapid innovation of information and communication technology and its sharp falling prices have brought about the expansion of the Internet, integrating the world as one space under converged space and time. This rapid expansion of the Internet and its application in the economy have spurred the emergence of the digital economy. The Internet has influenced strongly on the changes of not only economic activities but also political, social and cultural activities. In this context, a rapidly increasing Internet expansion renders the rhetoric about the death of distance and about the meaningless of geographical place. However, the development and expansion of Internet induces a growing digital divide among nations and also a spatial inequality in a nation as the supply of the Internet has concentrated towards demand-affluent large cities. A large gap of digital access has been occurred between high income and low income countries according to a measurement of the international digital access index. In a national level, the Internet backbone has been built around large cities which favor a large amount of the Internet demand, and the affordable accessibility of these cities for the Internet services has influenced strongly on the agglomeration of Internet related industries, further inducing the construction and investment of the Internet backbone into large cities as cumulative causation effects. As a result, the expansion of the Internet affects immensely on the changes of spatial structure in a nation resulting in the new spatial phenomena such as centralization, concentration and splintering in the digitalized space-economy.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.133-143
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• 2018

Liquefaction is one of secondary damages after earthquake and has been rarely reported until earthquake except Mw = 5.4 15 November 2017 Pohang earthquake in Korea. In recent years, Mw = 5.8 12 September 2016 Gyeongju earthquake and Mw = 5.4 15 November 2017 Pohang earthquake, which induced liquefaction, occurred in fault zone of Yangsan City located at south-eastern part of Korea. This explains that Korea is not safe against liquefaction induced by earthquake. In this study, the distance between the centroid of administrative district and the epicenter located at Yangsan fault, peak ground velocity (PGA) induced by both Mw = 5.0 and 6.5, and liquefaction potential index (LPI), which is calculated by using groundwater level and standard penetration test results of 274 in the area of Gimhae city located in adjacent to Nakdong river and across Yangsan fault, have been estimated and then kriging method using geographical information systems has been used to evaluate liquefaction effects on the damage of facilities. This study presents that Mw = 5.0 earthquake induces a small and low level of liquefaction resulting in slight damage of facilities but Mw = 6.5 earthquake induces a large and high level of liquefaction resulting in severe damage of facilities.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

On the view point of renewable energies as energy sources of district heating and cooling plant, the purpose of this study is to develop, classify and map the 500m${\times}$500m mesh, of which is treated as normal size in DHC regulations for evaluation process. Followings are the results. Various building and geographical informations including 13 districts and 108 counties are re-defined to create 500m${\times}$500m meshes, and it is find out that 3,289 meshes among 8,463 meshes have meaningful floor areas. Only 59 meshes(1.8%) are evaluated as mesh which has more than 50% of building volume ratio per mesh. 5 clusters classified by principal analysis and cluster analysis with building needs' characteristics are defined. Gwang-an Dong is representative of cluster 1 characterized as commercial area, and the cluster 4, 5 which has mainly residential needs are distributed in Yong-ho dong. Because there are a lot of cluster 3 meshes, which has complex needs area based on residential, cluster 3 could be defined as representative of Busan metropolitan city.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.102-112
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• 1989

Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed on the nine quantitative characters of the one hundred and forty eight silkworm genetic stocks. The six major quantitative characters such as cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell percentage, larval period of the 5th instar silkworm, and total larval period showed significantly positive correlation between them. The first three principal components extracted form the initial nine variables by principal component analysis accounted for about eighty percent of original information. The first and second principal components were characterized as factors related to silk productivity, and cocoon productivity, respectively. On the basis of multivariate analysis using city block distance determined from the first three principal components to measure the phenotypic diversity, the one hundred and forty eight silkworm genetic stocks could be clustered into seven varietal groups, and the phenotypic diversity between the varietal groups was partly related to their geographical origins. Among 7 varietal group, group II and IV revealed higher silk and cocoon productivity.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• no.5
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• pp.49-62
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• 1999

Education systems throughout the world encourage their students to learn languages other than their native one. In Australia, our Education Boards provide students with the opportunity to learn European and Asian languages. French, German, Chinese and Japanese are the most popular languages studied in elementary and high schools. This choice is a reflection of Australias European heritage and its geographical position near Asia. In most non-English speaking countries, English is the foreign language most readily available to students. In Korea, the English language is actively promoted by the Education Department and, in less official ways, by companies and the public. It is impossible to be anywhere in Korea without seeing the English language alongside or intermingled with Korean. When I ask students why they are learning English, I receive answers that include the word globalization and the importance of English throughout the world. When I press further and ask why they personally are learning English, the students mention passing exams, usually high school tests or TOEIC, and the necessity of passing the latter to obtain a good job. Seldom do I ever hear anything about communication: about the desire to talk with other people in English, to read novels or poetry in English, to understand movies or pop-songs in English, to chat on the Internet in English, to search for information on the Internet in English, or to email pen-pals in English. Yet isnt communication the only valid reason for learning a language? We learn our native language to communicate with those around us. Shouldnt we set the same goal for learning a foreign language? In my opinion communication, whether it is reading and writing or speaking and listening, must be central to language learning. Learning a language to pass examinations is meaningless unless those examinations are a reliable indicator of the ability of the student to communicate. In previous eras, most communication in a foreign language was through reading novels or formal letters. This required a thorough knowledge of grammar and a large vocabulary. Todays communication is much less formal. Telephone conversations, tele-conferences, faxes and emails allow people to communicate regularly and informally. Reading materials are also less formal as popular novels and newspapers are available world-wide. Movies and popular songs have added to the range of informal communication available. Finally travel has ensured that people from different cultures will meet easily and regularly. This informal communication requires less emphasis on grammar and vocabulary and more emphasis on comprehension and confidence to speak. Placing communication central to language learning has important implications for the Education system and for teachers.