• 생명과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

순천만 일대 칠면초 군락의 근권 토양에 존재하는 근권 세균의 다양성 분석을 위해 몇 개 지점을 선정한 후 샘플링을 실시하였다. 채취한 토양시료는 marine broth, tryptic soy broth 한천배지를 이용하면서 세균 집락 간 형태학적인 구분을 통해 순수분리 되었다. 분리된 세균의 genomic DNA를 획득한 후, 각각의 16S rDNA 염기서열을 증폭 분석하여 총 29 strain이 부분동정 되었다. 이들의 유연관계 확인을 위해 계통수를 작성한 결과, 이들은 각각 firmicutes문 (44.8%), gamma-proteobacteria group (27.6%), alpha-proteobacteria group (10.3%), bacteriodetes 문(10.3%), actinobacteria 문(6.8%)에 속하였다. 최우점하는 firmicutes 문에서는 Bacillus 속이, 차 우점하는 gamma-proteobacteria group에서는 각각 Marinobacterium, Halomonas, Vibrio 속이 집중 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 채취 지점별로 몇 가지 척도를 사용하여 다양성 지수를 도출하였을 때, 채취 지점 간 지수의 차이를 보여 전체 순천만 갯벌 중 위치에 따라 상이한 미생물상을 가지는 것으로 추측된다. 분리된 균들 중 일부는 갯벌 특유의 극한환경을 극복하면서 칠면초 근권에서 생존하며 물질순환, 식물생장 촉진 및 병원체 방어작용 유도 등 식물생장에 긍정적 역할을 수행할 것으로 생각된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.417-427
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• 2008

Comparison of maps and QTLs between populations may provide us with a better understanding of molecular maps and the inheritance of traits. We developed and used two reciprocal $BC_1F_1$ populations, IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS, for QTL analysis. DS (Dasanbyeo) is a Korean tongil-type cultivar (derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up) and IP (Ilpumbyeo) is a Korean japonica cultivar. We constructed two molecular linkage maps corresponding to each backcross population using 196 markers for each map. The length of each chromosome was longer in the IP/DS//IP population than in the IP/DS//DS population, indicating that more recombinants were produced in the IP/DS//IP population. Distorted segregation was observed for 44 and 19 marker loci for the IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS populations, respectively; these were mostly skewed in favor of the indica alleles. A total of 36 main effect QTLs (M-QTLs) and 15 digenic epistatic interactions (E-QTLs) were detected for the seven traits investigated. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by M-QTLs ranged from 3.4% to 88.2%. Total PVE of the M-QTLs for each trait was significantly higher than that of the E-QTLs. The total number of M-QTLs identified in the IP/DS//IP population was higher than in the IP/DS//DS population. However, the total PVE by the M-QTLs and E-QTLs together for each trait was similar in the two populations, suggesting that the two $BC_1F_1$ populations are equally useful for QTL analysis. Maps and QTLs in the two populations were compared. Eleven new QTLs were identified for SN, SF, GL, and GW in this study, and they will be valuable in marker-assisted selection, particularly for improving grain traits in tongil-type varieties.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2004

Sasang Constitutional Medicine is a major branch of Korean Traditional Oriental Medicine. The differences of disease susceptibility to be shown in Sasang constitution may be due to genetic factors. Therefore, we examined interrelationship among cerebral infarction (CI), apolipoprotein E (apoE) gene polymorphism, and Sasang constitutional classification. ApoE is a key protein modulating the highly atherogenic apoB containing lipoproteins and is a candidate gene for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). The ${\varepsilon}2\;and/or\;{\varepsilon}4$ alleles were the first to be implicated in premature CAD, which resulted in this polymorphism being extensively studied. We investigated the association between apoE genotype and CI by case-control study in a Korean population. We also classified CI patients and control group into groups according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 196 CI patients and 379 controls without CI were examined. ApoE genotype was determined by 8% polyacrylamide gel separation after DNA amplification. A significant difference in the apoE genotype distribution was observed in the CI patients compared with that in controls ($X^{2}$=14.920, df=4, P=0.005). Also, the frequency of Taeumin constitution in patients with CI was significantly higher than that in controls (58.0% vs. 36.9%; P<0.001). However, the Taeumin constitution did not enhance the relative risk for CI in the subjects with apoE ${\varepsilon}2\;and/or\;{\varepsilon}4$ alleles. No differences in the apoE genotypes frequencies were observed in the Taeumin compared with that in the other constitutions. In addition, we investigated whether the DD genotype of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene, a candidate gene for CI, was associated with CI, Taeumin constitution, and apoE polymorphism. As a result, the frequency of Taeumin constitution was significantly higher in CI patients with both apoE ${\varepsilon}3/{\varepsilon}4$ and ACE ID/DD genotypes than in the remaining Sasang constitutions (14.5% vs. 8.3% and 0%) ($X^{2}$=13.521, df=6, P=0.035). In summary, we concluded that the apoE polymorphism is a major risk factor for CI in Koreans and the ACE ID/DD genotype enhanced the relative risk for CI in the subjects with apoE ${\varepsilon}3/{\varepsilon}4$ genotype and Taeumin constitution.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1979

안전(安全) 다수성(多收性)인 수도품종(水稻品種)을 선발(選拔)하기 위하여 10개(個) 품종(品種)을 6개(個)의 상이(相異)한 재배환경하(栽培環境下)에서 3반복(反復)으로 각각(各各) 시험(試驗)한 후 Hazel 방법(方法)(선발지수(選拔指數 I)과 Pesek 등 방법(方法)(선발지수(選拔指數 II)에 의(依)해 지수(指數)를 계산(計算)하여 비교(比較)하였던 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 조사(調査)한 특성(特性)은 수량(收量)을 비롯하여 6개였다. 1. 10개(個) 품종(品種)가운데서 재배방법(栽培方法)이 상이(相異)함에도 불구(不拘)하고 품종번호(品種番號) 6, 3, 4, 5가 우수(優秀)한 품종(品種)으로 판별(判別)되었다. 2. 일반조건하(一般條件下)에서의 품종선발(品種選拔)을 위해서는 선발지수(選拔指數) I(Hazal 방법(方法))이 좋을 것이나 특수환경하(特殊環境下)에서는 오히려 Pesek 방법(方法)(선발지수(選拔指數) II)이 유리(有利)할 것으로 보여졌다. 3. 지수상(指數上)으로 본 품종(品種)의 순위(順位)가 특성(特性)들 특(特)히 수량(收量)의 순위(順位)와는 정확(正確)히 일치(一致)하지 않아 더욱 지수법(指數法)의 의미를 새롭게 했다. 4. 재배방법(栽培方法)에 따라 또는 품종(品種)의 특성(特性)에 따라 약간 다르기는 했지만 특성(特性)의 대부분(大部分)이 높은 유전력(遺傳力)(광의(廣意)의)을 보였다. 5. 품종(品種)과 6개의 상이(相異)한 재배환경(栽培環境)사이에는 상호작용(相互作用)이 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 6. 6개(個) 특성(特性)가운데 수수(穗數)만이 품종간(品種間)에 유의차(有意差)가 인정(認定)되지 않았고(재배방법(栽培方法) 2, 4, 5에서) 다른 특성(特性)들은 모두 품종간(品種間)에 고도(高度)의 유의차(有意差)가 인정(認定)되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.766-777
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• 1997

수도 저하발아성에 대한 유전 양상을 구명하여 저온발아성 품종 육성의 기초 자료를 얻고자 숙기가 다른 세 그룹에서 10품종을 선정 '94년에 15일 간격 4시기로 파종 및 이앙을 실시하여 수량한 종자를 '95년 4~5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 실내 시험과, 건답 직파의 포장 시험으로 저온발아성을 조사하고, 저온발아성 고 1품종, 저 1품종, 중 4품종을 선정 '94 하계에 절영법에 의한 정역이면교잡을 실시하여 얻어진 F$_1$ 교배입을 '95년 5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온에서 저온발아 시험을 실시하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재배 시기를 달리하여 수량된 종자의 실내 및 포장에서의 저온발아성 분산분석 결과 품종에 따라 재배시기간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 2. 실내 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 저온발아계수와 포장의 자연상태 건답직파에서의 출아계수와의 상관분석 결과 고도의 유의한 상관(r=0.5111)이 인정되었다. 3. 조합능력 분석 결과 일반조합능력 및 특정조합능력 모두 고도의 유의성이 인정되었으며, 일반조합능력이 특정조합능력보다 커서 상가적작용이 상위성 작용보다 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 정역차이 분산분석 결과 정역간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 5. 부친열 공분산/모친열 공분산 Graph에서 6개의 교배열 모두가 모본 효과를 보였으며, Alpha와 Beta 유전 분석 결과, 저온발아성의 정역간 차이는 Alpha 유전의 효과로 나타났다. 6. 평균우성도 분석 결과, 30개 조합 중 17개 조합에서 초월분리를 보였으며, 그 중 9개 조합이 저온발아성이 낮은 쪽으로 초월분리를 보였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1732-1741
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• 2006

Obesity is chronic disease which influenced on health severly. The causes of obesity have been known as life change, lack of excercise, genetic factor, mental and social economic factors. Especially the obesity of women increased the risk of the diseases such as DM, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and infertility. The limitations of the widely used negative definition of health as the absence of disease and WHO's 1946 definition of health as total social, psychological and physical well-being have long been recognized (WHO 1958). The Quality of Life (QoL) includes functional ability, the degree and quality of social and community interaction, psychological well-being as somatic sensation and life satisfaction. I investigated to compare the differences between obese women (n=63), non-obese women (n=37) in clinic and general women (n=43, control) on baseline characteristics and WHO QoL-BREF. The purpose of this study is to assist the diagnosis and treatment of obesity. WHO QoL-BREF is self administered type which consisted of 26 questions. The prospective question is calculated with 5 scores by Likert's method. The results are as follows : The means of physical, psychological, social, overall and total scores of QoL were significant among BMI group (P<0.05). The score of control group (BMI < 25) was higher than other groups significantly (P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, the variable of high school/below middle school was significant in environmental and overall domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of college/below middle school was significant in environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of above university/below middle school was significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score in QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (moderate/bad) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (good/bed) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, social, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable as BMI non-=obese women/control was negatively significant in social domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). Above the results, It suggests that the variable as BMI did't affect on the QoL in patients and control, but the variables as education and health perception affected on the QoL scores. Further study is required to conduct QoL differences between before and after treatment of obese patients.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.975-984
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• 2021

Objective: Inbreeding depression of reproduction is a major concern in the conservation of native chicken genetic resources. Here, based on the successful development of strongly inbred (Sinb) and weakly inbred (Winb) Langshan chickens, we aimed to evaluate inbreeding effects on reproductive traits and identify candidate genes involved in inbreeding depression of reproduction in Langshan chickens. Methods: A two-sample t-test was performed to estimate the differences in phenotypic values of reproductive traits between Sinb and Winb chicken groups. Three healthy chickens with reproductive trait values around the group mean values were selected from each of the groups. Differences in ovarian and hypothalamus transcriptomes between the two groups of chickens were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Results: The Sinb chicken group showed an obvious inbreeding depression in reproduction, especially for traits of age at the first egg and egg number at 300 days (p<0.01). Furthermore, 68 and 618 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained in the hypothalamus and ovary between the two chicken groups, respectively. In the hypothalamus, DEGs were mainly enriched in the pathways related to vitamin metabolism, signal transduction and development of the reproductive system, such as the riboflavin metabolism, Wnt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction and focal adhesion pathways, including stimulated by retinoic acid 6, serpin family F member 1, secreted frizzled related protein 2, Wnt family member 6, and frizzled class receptor 4 genes. In the ovary, DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways associated with basic metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycosaminoglycan degradation. A series of key DEGs involved in folate biosynthesis (gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1), oocyte meiosis and ovarian function (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1, structural maintenance of chromosomes 1B, and speedy/RINGO cell cycle regulator family member A), spermatogenesis and male fertility (prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa), Mov10 RISC complex RNA helicase like 1, and deuterosome assembly protein 1) were identified, and these may play important roles in inbreeding depression in reproduction. Conclusion: The results improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying inbreeding depression in chicken reproduction and provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of species resources.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.585-591
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated carcass characteristics and meat quality of purebred Pakchong 5, crossbred pigs sired by Pakchong 5, and crossbred pigs sired by Duroc. Methods: Forty-eight pigs (average body weight of 22.25 kg) were composed of three groups as purebred Pakchong 5 (PP), Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Pakchong 5 (LWLRP), and Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Duroc (LWLRD). Each group consisted of eight gilts and eight barrows. At 109-day-raising period, pigs were slaughtered, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from left side of carcasses were evaluated for meat quality and chemical composition. Data were analyzed using general linear model procedure, where group, sex, and their interaction were included in the model. Results: The PP had greater carcass, total lean, and ham percentages than crossbred pigs (p<0.05). LWLRP had thicker backfat and more carcass fat percentage than LWLRD (p<0.05). There were no differences (p>0.05) on cutting percentages from tender loin, loin, boston butt, and picnic shoulder among groups. The PP and LWLRP had larger loin eye area (LEA) than LWLRD (p<0.05). Gilts had more loin percentage and lower $L^*$ value than barrows (p<0.05). No meat color parameters ($L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$) were affected by groups (p>0.05). PP and LWLRP had larger muscle fiber diameters than LWLRD (p<0.05). However, water holding capacity, Warner-Bratzler shear force values, and chemical composition of LT were not affected by group or sex (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pakchong 5 purebred has good carcass and lean percentages. Compared to Duroc crossbred pigs, Pakchong 5 crossbreds have similar carcass and lean percentages, larger LEA, and slightly more carcass fat, with comparable meat quality and chemical composition. Pakchong 5 boars are more affordable for very small- to medium-scale pig producers.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.544-555
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• 2022

Objective: Spermatozoa are produced within the seminiferous tubules after sexual maturity. The expression levels of mRNAs and lncRNAs in testicular tissues are different at each stage of testicular development and are closely related to formation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and spermatogenesis. Therefore, we set out to study the expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs during the different developmental stages of the goat testis. Methods: We constructed 12 RNA libraries using testicular tissues from goats aged 3, 6, and 12 months, and studied the functions of mRNAs and lncRNAs using the gene ontogeny (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases. Relationships between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network and protein-protein interaction network (PPI). Finally, the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 (IGFBP6) were detected by western blotting. Results: We found 23, 8, and 135 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 161, 12, and 665 differentially expressed mRNAs that were identified between 3 vs 6, 6 vs 12, and 3 vs 12 months, respectively. GO, KEGG, and PPI analyses showed that the differential genes were mainly related to the ECM. Moreover, MMP2 was a hub gene and co-expressed with the lncRNA TCONS-0002139 and TCONS-00093342. The results of quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction verification were consistent with those of RNA-seq sequencing. The expression trends of MMP2, IGF2, and IGFBP6 protein were the same as that of mRNA, which all decreased with age. IGF2 and MMP2 were significantly different in the 3 vs 6-month-old group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in sexual maturation of the goat testis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.25.1-25.16
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• 2021

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease whose development is shaped by a variety of environmental and genetic factors. While several recent studies suggest that microbial dysbiosis in the gut may promote asthma, little is known about the relationship between the recently discovered lung microbiome and asthma. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have also been shown recently to participate in asthma. To investigate the relationship between the lung microbiome, ILCs, and asthma, we recruited 23 healthy controls (HC), 42 patients with non-severe asthma, and 32 patients with severe asthma. Flow cytometry analysis showed severe asthma associated with fewer natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR)⁺ILC3s in the lung. Similar changes in other ILC subsets, macrophages, and monocytes were not observed. The asthma patients did not differ from the HC in terms of the alpha and beta-diversity of the lung and gut microbiomes. However, lung function correlated positively with both NCR⁺ILC3 frequencies and microbial diversity in the lung. Sputum NCR⁺ILC3 frequencies correlated positively with lung microbiome diversity in the HC, but this relationship was inversed in severe asthma. Together, these data suggest that airway NCR⁺ILC3s may contribute to a healthy commensal diversity and normal lung function.