• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2012

본 연구는 소나무 산지의 개엽시기에 영향을 미치는 기후인자를 구명하기 위해 수행되었는데 1996년 국립산림과학원에서 조성한 정선, 충주, 제주의 소나무 산지시험림에서 조사가 이루어졌다. 휴면 중이던 동아가 부풀어 오르는 시점을 생장개시기로, 신초가 포린을 뚫고 나와 0.5mm 정도 자란 시점을 개엽시기로 정해 2004년 3월말부터 5월 중순까지 2일 간격으로 조사를했다. 개엽시기에 대한 산지 기후인자의 영향을 구명하기 위해 조림지와 산지의 기후인자를 구했으며, 각 기후인자의 생태적거리를 구해 공준상관 분석을 실시했다. 조림지별 생장개시기와 개엽시기는 제주, 충주, 정선 조림지 순으로 빨라 조림지의 평균 기온 차이에 따른 구배를 보여주었다. 종자산지의 기후인자 차이가 조림지에서의 생장개시기 및 개엽시기에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 생태적거리 자료를 이용하여 공준상관 분석을 실시한 결과, 조림지와 산지 간 위도, 경도, 12~2월 최저기온, 11~2월 최고기온 그리고 생육기간 차이가 주요 인자인 것으로 추정되었다. 결론적으로 조림지보다 겨울철 기온이 낮은 곳에서 온 산지가 생장개시 및 개엽시기가 빠른 전형적인 북-남 또는 저온-고온 경사변이를 나타내 소나무 산지에 따른 지리적 유전적 변이가 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.173-190
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• 1989

This literature review was undertaken to explore theoretical models of depression for their potential usefulness in nursing research and practice. Depression has bean accounted for by numerous theories or models of causation ; 11 theories selected from psychology, medicine and psychoanalysis and supported by empirical or experimental research were reviewed. These theories identify a variety of precipitating and predisposing factors that may affect the individual's depression. Aggression - turned - inward theory, object loss theory, ego functioning theory, personality organization theory, behavioral theory, learned helplessness theory, cognitive theory, genetic factors, and biological theories conceptualize predisposing factors. Only life stressors theory identifies precipitating facotrs. Each of these theories contributes to an understanding of depression, but many of them use overlapping and interrelated factors. It is also evident from recent. research that there are multiple causes for depression involving an interactive effect among predisposing and precipitating factors that are both biological and psychological in origin. That is, a single theory is not useful, but perhaps a unified theory could be developed that would be helpful to nursing. This review points to the need for continuing development and testing of theories that would integrate the multiple conceptualizations of depression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7875-7878
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the awareness of breast cancer risk factors among female university students in 24 low, middle income and emerging economy countries. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 10,242 undergraduate university students (mean age 20.7, SD=2.9) from 25 universities in 24 countries across Asia, Africa and the Americas. Using anonymous questionnaires the awareness of links between breast cancer and heredity, diet, overweight, exercise, alcohol use, smoking and stress was assessed. Results indicated that 35.4% of the women were not aware that any of these risk factors could influence breast cancer, 43.8% were aware of a genetic link, and only 12.5%, 10.9% and 10.6% correctly identified alcohol use, overweight and physical inactivity, respectively, as factors causing breast cancer. Moreover, 13.3% rated dietary fat and 11.5% fibre as influencing breast cancer; both low-fat and high-fibre diets may be weakly protective against breast cancer, and smoking (19.4%) and stress (13.5%), the most commonly chosen breast cancer lifestyle risk factors, have less clear impact on breast cancer. There were marked country differences, e.g., in regards of being aware of genetic causes of breast cancer risk in female students from Ivory Coast, India, Madagascar, Nigeria and Laos below 30% and female students from Pakistan, Singapore, Turkey, Grenada and Philippines 60 or more percent. This study provides insight in the breast cancer risk perception of young women, which can be utilized in breast cancer awareness and prevention programmes.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2002

이 연구는 벵갈 종과 그 교잡종 산양의 번식에 있어서 생시부터 90일령 까지의 생존율에 영향을 미치는 유전적 및 비 유전적인 요인을 규명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 분석에 이용된 모델은 지역, 교배조합, 자양의 성, 출생시 산자형태(1두, 2두, 3두 및 4두), 출생계절(여름 3월-6월; 우기 7월-10월; 및 겨울 11-2월), 출생연도와 2요인 상호작용의 효과를 포함하였다. 교잡종에 비하여 순종의 생존율은 31일령 과 90일령 사이에 현저히 낮은 것으로 유의성(p$<$0.05)을 나타냈다. 생존율에 대한 지역의 효과는 16-60일령 기간을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 생존율에 대한 성의 효과는 초기 0-7일령의 기간을 제외하고는 모두 통계적 유의성이 인정되었다. 생존율은 여름에 출생한 것이 가장 높았고 겨울과 우기(rainy season)의 순서로 나타났다. 16일령 부터 60일령 사이의 자양의 생존율은 어미의 비유량에 의하여 영향을 받는 것으로 (p$<$0.05) 나타났고, 400-600g/day 의 비유량인 경우에 생존율이 가장 높았던 반면 비유량이 80-200 g/day인 어미의 자양이 가장 낮은 생존율을 보였다. 생시체중은 90일령 까지의 모든 성장단계에서 자양의 생존율에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인이었다. 생존율은 모양의 비유량과 그리고 자양의 생시체중과 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 성과 생산지역간 (p$<$0.01) 또는 성과 출생시 산자형태간(p$<$0.05)의 상호작용은 통계적 유의성이 있었던 반면에 성과 유전적 그룹간의 상호작용은 유의성이 없었다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.593-598
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• 2009

Cell cycle progression is regulated by both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as a new class of small non-coding RNA regulators of cell cycle as recent evidence suggests. It is hypothesized that expression of specific miRNAs oscillates orderly along with cell cycle progression. However, the oscillated expression patterns of many candidate miRNAs have yet to be determined. Here, we describe miRNA expression profiling in double-thymidine synchronized HeLa cells as cell cycle progresses. Twenty-five differentially expressed miRNAs were classified into five groups based on their cell cycle-dependent expression patterns. The cyclic expression of six miRNAs (miR-221, let-7a, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-24, miR-376b) was validated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). These results suggest that specific miRNAs, along with other key factors are required for maintaining and regulating proper cell cycle progression. The study deepens our understanding on cell cycle regulation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1524-1528
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• 2006

A total of 437 animals, comprising lambs aged between 3 and 12 months and adults of either sex of Muzaffarnagari sheep maintained at the Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, India were screened to assess the prevalence of Haemonchus contortus infection following natural infection and to identify the various factors affecting faecal egg count (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV) of ewes and their genetic control. The relationships between FEC, PCV and body weight were also estimated. The prevalence rate for H. contortus infection in the flock under study was 15.7% indicating much lower occurrence of worm infection in lambs up to one year of age. On the other hand, a large proportion i.e., 67.7% of sheep was refractive to natural H. contortus infection. The random effect of sire significantly contributed (p<0.01) variation in log-transformed FEC (LFEC) of ewes. The season of birth had a significant (p<0.01) effect on LFEC of ewes. The lactating ewes had significantly (p<0.01) higher faecal egg counts compared to dry and pregnant ewes. The linear regression effects of the age of ewes on LFEC of animals were significant (p<0.01) in the present study. The heritabilities of LFEC, PCV and body weights of ewes during the course of infection were moderate to high in magnitude and ranged from 0.24 to 0.47. The LFEC of ewes was significantly (p<0.05) and negatively correlated with PCV at both genetic and phenotypic level. The genetic and phenotypic relationships between LFEC and body weights of ewes were -0.26 and -0.06 for this breed. The genetic correlation of PCV and body weight of ewes was positive and high (0.58) and statistically significant (p<0.05) but it was negatively correlated (-0.01) with body weight at the phenotypic level.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.299-303
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• 2012

Inbreeding is the mating of relatives that produce progeny having more homozygous alleles than non-inbred animals. Inbreeding increases numbers of recessive alleles, which is often associated with decreased performance known as inbreeding depression. The magnitude of inbreeding depression depends on the level of inbreeding in the animal. Level of inbreeding is expressed by the inbreeding coefficient. One breeding goal in livestock is uniform productivity while maintaining acceptable inbreeding levels, especially keeping inbreeding less than 20%. However, in closed herds without the introduction of new genetic sources high levels of inbreeding over time are unavoidable. One method that increases selection response and minimizes inbreeding is selection of individuals by weighting estimated breeding values with average relationships among individuals. Optimum genetic contribution theory (OGC) uses relationships among individuals as weighting factors. The algorithm is as follows: i) Identify the individual having the best EBV; ii) Calculate average relationships ($\bar{r_j}$) between selected and candidates; iii) Select the individual having the best EBV adjusted for average relationships using the weighting factor k, $EBV^*=EBV_j(1-k\bar{{r}_j})$ Repeat process until the number of individuals selected equals number required. The objective of this study was to compare simulated results based on OGC selection under different conditions over 30 generations. Individuals (n = 110) were generated for the base population with pseudo random numbers of N~ (0, 3), ten were assumed male, and the remainder female. Each male was mated to ten females, and every female was assumed to have 5 progeny resulting in 500 individuals in the following generation. Results showed the OGC algorithm effectively controlled inbreeding and maintained consistent increases in selection response. Difference in breeding values between selection with OGC algorithm and by EBV only was 8%, however, rate of inbreeding was controlled by 47% after 20 generation. These results indicate that the OGC algorithm can be used effectively in long-term selection programs.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2015

본 연구는 전국에 분포하는 조릿대[Sasa borealis (Hack.) Makino & Shibata]의 12 개체군을 대상으로 유전다양성을 분석하고, 이러한 분석 결과를 식물지리학적인 해석을 통하여 기후변화와 같은 변화 요인을 객관적으로 측정하고 예측할 수 있는 방법을 제시하기 위해 수행되었다. AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) 분석을 통한 유전다양성 조사 결과, 조릿대 개체군의 유전다양성(PPL = 37.2%, h = 0.143, I = 0.205)과 유전적 분화도($G_{ST}$= 0.324, ${\theta}^B$=0.395)는 비교적 높은 수준으로 나타났다. AMOVA (Analysis of molecular variance) 분석 결과에서도 전체 유전적 변이 중 47.7%가 개체군 간 변이에 의한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 조릿대 개체군들의 유전다양성은 위도가 높아짐 따라 감소하는 것이 확인 되었으며, 이는 남방계 식물인 조릿대의 분포가 낮은 위도에서 높은 위도로 전파된 과정과 일치하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 따라서 식물 개체군의 AFLP 분석 결과를 위도 변화와 비교 분석함으로써 기후변화에 따른 분포 변화의 정도를 파악하고 주요 식물의 보전 전략을 세우는 데 필요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.408-413
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• 2010

국내 과수분야의 형질전환 연구동향과 전망에 대해 살펴보았다. 과수에서 형질전환 기술은 교배육종의 한계를 극복하고 보완할 수 있는 기술의 하나로 여겨지고 있고 1990년 초반 이래 기술개발에 대한 연구가 수행되어 오고 있다. 사과에서는 후지, 감홍 등의 주요 재배품종에 대한 형질전환 기술이 확립되어 있고, 포장 발현분석 단계로 진입하고 있는 중이다. 감귤과 참다래는 형질전환 기술이 일부 개발되었으나, 다양한 품종으로 확대하여 적용하는 단계까지는 이르지 못한 상태이다. 포도 등의 타 과수에서는 형질전환 성공사례가 보고된 바 없으며, 현재 기술개발 연구단계에 머물러 있는 것으로 판단된다. 또한 항생제 선발 대체, 형질전환 대목, 부위 및 생육시기에 따른 조절 기술 개발 등은 실용화를 조기에 앞당기기 위한 선결조건으로 여겨지고 있다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.365-378
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• 2019

Purpose: The awareness of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) and BRCA testing is increasing in Korea. Compared to the sizable research on HBOC knowledge among breast cancer women, studies in the ovarian cancer population are limited. This paper aimed to investigate the level of knowledge of hereditary ovarian cancer and anxiety in women diagnosed with serous ovarian cancer in Korea and determine differences in the knowledge and anxiety according to whether genetic testing was undertaken and whether BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations were present. Methods: Using a descriptive research design, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 100 women diagnosed with serous ovarian cancer at N hospital in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, from July to November 2018. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The hereditary ovarian cancer-related knowledge score was mid-level (mean score 8.90±3.29 out of a total of 17), as was the state anxiety level was mid-level (mean score 47.96±3.26 out of possible score range of 20-80). Genetic knowledge of hereditary ovarian cancer was associated with age, education, occupation, genetic counseling, and BRCA mutations. There were no statistically significant factors related to anxiety and there were no statistically significant correlations between knowledge level and anxiety. Conclusion: More comprehensive education on gene-related cancer is needed for ovarian cancer patients, especially for items with low knowledge scores. A genetic counseling protocol should be developed to allow more patients to alleviate their anxiety through genetic counseling.