• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2017

Tuberculosis (TB), mainly disseminated by infection of the respiratory tract, remains an unsolved community health problem by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). However, because of the different susceptibility to MTB, people infected with MTB do not all develop TB. These differences of disease arise from individual genetic susceptibility as well as the property of the microorganisms itself. CD226, one of the genetic factors that influences TB, interact with its ligand PVR and ITGB2. It is induced various cellular responses that contribute multiple innate and adaptive responses. In a previous study, CD226 enhanced immune efficacy induced by Ag85A DNA vaccination that is secreted protein by MTB. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between six genetic polymorphisms of CD226 gene and TB status with Korean population. Our results show that two SNPs of CD226 were identified to associate with tuberculosis. The highest significant SNP was rs17081766 (OR=0.70, CI: 0.54~0.90, $P=5.4{\times}10^{-3}$). According to this study, polymorphisms of CD226 gene affect the outbreak of TB in MTB-infected patients. It is suggested that polymorphism of other genes also associated with immune responses results in susceptibility to TB. The results from this study suggest that not only the characteristics of the microorganism itself but also the genetic background of the individual may affect progression of TB in MTB-infected patients.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 1994

Levels of genetic diversity, population genetic structure, and gene flow in Hosta yingeri, a herbaceous perennial endemic to Taehuksan, Sohuksan, and Hong Islands, were investigated. Starch gel electrophoresis was conducted on leaves for 101 plants collected from three populations. Although the distribution of thespecies is restricted in the islands, it maintains high levels of genetic variatin; 64% of polymorphic loci in at least one population (Ps), the mean number of alleles per locus (Ap) of 1.92, and the mean effective number of alleles per locus (Aep) of 1.52. Overall, mean genetic diversity (Hep=0.250) was substantially higher than mean estimate for species with very similarlife history traits (0.102). Large populaton size, the persistence of multiple generations within populations, high fecundity, predominantly outcrossing breeding system, large size of pollinator visitation areas may be explanatory factors contributing the higher level of genetic diversity maintained within populations. Analysis of fixation indices showed an overall slight excess of heterozygotes (mean FIS=-0.066) relative to Hardy-Weinberg expectations, which may in part be due to the near self-incompatible breeding system in the species. Significant differences in allele frequencies among populaitns were found for 14 out of 16 polymorphic loci (P<0.05). Slightly more than 80% of the total variation in the species was common to all populations (GST=0.198). As expected, indirect estimate of the number of migrants per generation (Nm=0.45, calculated from mean GST) and nine private alleles found in the three populations indicate that gene movement among three isolated island populations was low.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.8-24
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• 2009

Understanding the genetic background of hearing loss is important since almost 50% of the cases of profound hearing loss are caused by genetic factors. Until now, more than 150 causative genes have been identified. In this review, classification of genetic hearing loss (syndromic versus non-syndromic, recessive versus dominant, X-linked and mitochondrial), pitfalls in elucidating causative genes, anatomy of the inner ear, introduction of the most common syndromic hearing loss, introduction of the most common non-syndromic hearing loss-causing genes, mitochondrial and multifactorial hearing losses were discussed. Moreover, clinical approaches to the patients with hereditary hearing loss and genetic counseling were also explained briefly. Finally, future directions of the hereditary hearing loss research in Korean population were presented.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.56-60
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• 2007

Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common craniofacial birth defect that is the result of a mixture of genetic and environmental factors. While studies have identified a number of different candidate genes and loci for the etiology of CL/P, the results have not been consistent among different ethnic groups. To study the genetic association of the candidate genes in Korean patients affected by CL/P, we genotyped 97 nonsyndromic CL/P patients and 100 control individuals using single nucleotide polymorphic markers at the MTHFR, TGFA, and IRF6 genes. We report that the T3827C marker at TGFA showed significant association with nonsyndromic CL/P, but all the other markers tested were not significantly associated with nonsyndromic CL/P in Korean patients.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.533-538
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• 2001

This paper describes a combinational method to compute the global and local solutions of optimization problems. The present hybrid algorithm uses both a genetic algorithm and a local concentrate search algorithm (e. g simplex method). The hybrid algorithm is not only faster than the standard genetic algorithm but also supplies a more accurate solution. In addition, this algorithm can find the global and local optimum solutions. The present algorithm can be supplied to minimize the resonance response (Q factor) and to yield the critical speeds as far from the operating speed as possible. These factors play very important roles in designing a rotor-bearing system under the dynamic behavior constraint. In the present work, the shaft diameter, the bearing length, and clearance are used as the design variables.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.262-269
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• 2003

Recently, a multi facility, multi product and multi period industrial problem has been widely investigated in Supply Chain Management (SCM). One of the key issues in the current SCM research area involved reducing both production and distribution costs. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum quantity of production and transportation with minimum cost in the supply chain network. We have presented a mathematical model that deals with real world factors and constructs. Considering the complexity of solving such model, we have applied the genetic algorithm approach for solving this model computational experiments using a commercial genetic algorithm based optimizer. The results show that the real size problems we encountered can be solved In reasonable time

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.466-471
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• 2006

This raper presents a new optimization method combining the genetic algorithm with the response surface method for the optimum design of a Brushless Direct Current motor. The method utilizes a regression function approximating an objective function and the window moving and zoom-in method so as to complement disadvantages of both the genetic algorithm and response surface method. The results verify that the proposed method is powerful and effective in reducing cogging torque by optimizing only a few decisive design factors compared with the conventional stochastic methods.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07b
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• pp.728-731
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• 1997

This paper proposes the systematic auto-tuning method for fuzzy controller using genetic algorithm(GA). In general, the design of fuzzy logic controller has difficulties in the acquisition of expert's knowledge and relies to a great extent on heuristic knowledge which, in many cases, cannot be objectively justified. So, the performance of the controller can be degraded in the case of plant parameter variations or unpredictable incident which the designer may have ignored. Proposed genetic algorithm searches the optimal rule structure, parameters of membership functions and scaling factors simultaneously and automatically by a new genetic coding format. Inverted pendrum system is provided to show the advantages of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 2003

Recently, a multi facility, multi product and multi period industrial problem has been widely investigated in Supply Chain Management (SCM). One of the key issues in the current SCM research area involves reducing both production and distribution costs. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum quantity of production and transportation with minimum cost in the supply chain network. We have presented a mathematical model that deals with real world factors and constraints. Considering the complexity of solving such model, we have applied the genetic algorithm approach for solving this model using a commercial genetic algorithm based optimizer. The results for computational experiments show that the real size problems we encountered can be solved in reasonable time.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for approximately 30% of all deaths worldwide and its prevalence is constantly increasing despite advancements in medical treatments. Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction are independent risk factors for CVD. Recent studies have demonstrated that cardiac structure and function are genetically influenced, suggesting that understanding the genetic basis for cardiac structure and function could provide new insights into developing novel therapeutic targets for CVD. Regular exercise has long been considered a robust nontherapeutic method of treating or preventing CVD. However, recent studies also indicate that there is inter-individual variation in response to exercise. Nevertheless, the genetic basis for cardiac structure and function as well as their responses to exercise training have yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this review summarizes accumulated evidence supporting the genetic contribution to these traits, including findings from population-based studies and unbiased large genomic-scale studies in humans.