• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.126-134
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was aimed to examine the financial effect of 2-tiered copayment system on annual expenditure of pharmacy benefit in the National Health Insurance (NHI) of Korea, focusing on oral antidiabetic medications. Methods: 284 oral antidiabetic products with 14 different active single ingredients listed in the National Formulary of NHI (August 2009) were assigned to tier 1 or tier 2 according to the selected criteria. 10 different combinations of coinsurance rates were selected to estimate the changes in drug expenditure cost of NHI. Results: The annual drug cost was estimated based on the drug price per unit listed in the National Formulary and the used amount of products in 2009 from the IMS Health data of Korea. In the combinations of coinsurance rate of 20% for tier 1 and 40% for tier 2, the total annual drug cost was estimated to be reduced by 1.3% in the case of no change of generic and original drug consumptions, and to be reduced by 4.3% in the case of 10% increased generic drug consumptions. Conclusion: The tiered copayment system with optimal coinsurance rates appears to be a potential strategy to reduce the financial burden of NHI in Korea by promoting the use of generic products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.164-168
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• 2003

Bayes theorem, suggested by the British Mathematician Bayes (18th century), enables the prior estimate of the probability of an event under the condition given by a specific This theorem has been frequently used to revise the failure probability of a component or system. 2-Stage Bayesian procedure was firstly published by Shultis et al. (1981) and Kaplan (1983), and was further developed based on the studies of Hora & Iman (1990) Papazpgolou et al., Porn(1993). For a small observed failure number (below 12), the estimated reliability of a system or component is not reliable. In the case in which the reliability data of the corresponding system or component can be found in a generic reliability reference book, however, a reliable estimation of the failure probability can be realized by using Bayes theorem, which jointly makes use of the observed data (specific data) and the data found in reference book (generic data).

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.5-32
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• 2009

This paper revisited the key advances on System Dynamics modeling about traditional macro-economic models and economic growth structures, and then tries to elaborate a new model based on the endogenous growth theory that incorporates new growth factors, relevant to knowledge/technology as well as the Environment, into traditional growth models. Accordingly, the new model augments the acceleration and multiplier loops and the balancing ones representing market clearing mechanism with a simple numerical example. The authors thus provides macroeconomic System Dynamics analysts with a milestone to model macro-economic structures reflecting on traditional and cutting-edge theories on sustainable economic growth and general equilibrium modeling.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.836-842
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• 2007

This paper describes the development of an automated operational orbit processing system (KGS automated Operational Orbit Processing System, KOOPS), which can determine, evaluate, update, and generate the orbit data automatically. Developed system can be applied to the multi satellite mission operations as a generic satellite orbit processing system in that the KOOPS has a capability to process various kinds of tracking data and assign pre and post processes according to the satellite system respectively. Results of applying the KOOPS to the KOMPSAT-1 and KOMPSAT-2 mission operations show that man power is greatly reduced and the efficiency and stability of the mission operations are significantly increased. The experiences to develop the KOOPS and operate multi satellite missions using this system can be applied to enhance the multi and generic flight dynamics system further.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.241-252
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• 2011

A simulated network protocol provides the capability of distributed simulation to a generic simulator. Through this, full coverage of management of data and service handling among separated simulators is achieved. The distributed simulation environment is much more conducive to handling simulation load balancing and hazard treatment than a standalone computer. According to the simulated network protocol, one simulator takes on the role of server and the other simulators take on the role of client, and client is controlled by server. The purpose of the simulated network protocol is to seamlessly connect multiple simulator instances into a single simulation environment. This paper presents the development of a simulated network (simNetwork) that provides the capability of distributed simulation to a generic simulator (GenSim), which is a software simulator of satellites that has been developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute since 2010, to use as a flight software validation bench for future satellite development.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.359-362
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• 2002

XML DBMS는 XML 문서의 직접적인 접근과 문서의 부분, 문서와 그 문서의 부분들을 통한 질의를 할수 있는 능력을 가져야 한다. 이러한 XML DBMS의 사용은 복잡한 계층적 관계의 범위로부터 데이터를 얻어내는데 특히 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 일반적으로 XML DBMS를 구축하기 위해서는 다른 DBMS 위에 덧붙이거나, 처음부터 새로 만들거나, 새 제품을 구입할 수 있을 것이다. 처음부터 생성하는 것은 메모리 할당과 문서 조각의 효율적인 검색을 신중히 생각해야 한다. 또한 XML DBMS를 구입하는 것은 기존의 자료가 없고, 프로젝트가 현존하는 XML DBMS를 원할 경우에는 가장 좋은 솔루션이다. 다른 DBMS 위에 XML DBMS를 구축하는 것은 빠르게 구축할 수 있고, 하부를 구성하는 DBMS의 저장소를 사용할 수 있다는 이점이 있다. 또한 현재 존재하는 애플리케이션들과 기존의 자료와 통합이 쉬울 수 있다. 본 논문은 XML DBMS를 Generic Data Model을 기반으로 하여 설계 및 구현을 하였다. 이는 관계형 데이터베이스에 XML 문서를 저장, 삭제, 검색 할 수 있는 XML Repository system 위에 XML 어댑터를 접목시키는 방법을 사용하였다. 이 방법은 비용이 많이드는 XML DBMS를 사용하지 않고, 기존에 사용되는 DBMS를 이용하여 구축하기 때문에 적은 비용으로도 XML DBMS를 구현할 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-48
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• 2005

An architectural framework is developed for integrating geospatial and temporal data with relational information from which a spatio-temporal data warehouse (STDW) system is built. In order to implement the STDW, a generic conceptual model was designed that accommodated six dimensions: spatial (map object), temporal (time), agent (contractor), management (e.g. planting) and tree species (specific species) that addressed the 'where', 'when', 'who', 'what', 'why' and 'how' (5W1H) of the STDW information, respectively. A formal algebraic notation was developed based on a triplet schema that corresponded with spatial, temporal, and relational data type objects. Spatial object structures and spatial operators (spatial selection, spatial projection, and spatial join) were defined and incorporated along with other database operators having interfaces via the generic model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2017.01a
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• pp.3-4
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 가상화 기술을 지원하는 ARMv7 Cortex-A15 프로세서가 탑재된 임베디드 보드를 위한 실시간 운영체제(RTOS) 구현을 위한 방법을 제안한다. ARM Cortex-A15 프로세서가 지원하는 Generic Interrupt Controller와 Generic Timer에 대해 알아보고, 가상화 시스템에서 인터럽트 오버헤드를 줄이는 GICv2와 가상 타이머인 Generic Timer를 사용하여 실시간 운영체제인 FreeRTOS를 임베디드 보드에 이식하였다.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2016

The hospital readmission rate has been widely used as an indicator of the quality of hospital care in many countries. However, the transferrability of this indicator that has been developed in a different health care system can be questioned. We reviewed what should be considered when using the risk-standardized readmission rate (RSRR) as a generic quality indicator in the Korean setting. We addressed the relationship between RSRR and the quality of hospital care, methodological aspects of RSRR, and use of RSRR for external purposes. These issues can influence the validity of the readmission rate as a generic quality indicator. Therefore RSRR should be used with care and further studies are needed to enhance the validity of the readmission rate indicator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.190-192
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• 2000

Interworking of legacy TC application and CORBA-BASED one is important to satisfy emerging market demands of the rapid introduction of new multimedia services and building of scalable, flexible, and interoperable service control architecture. For this, we develop generic TC/CORBA gateway on interworking between. TC and CORBA system Generic TC/CORBA gateway can be used for interworking in many fields of telecommunication service control such as INAP, MAP, other TC-based application parts, and mobility management of IMT-2000. Finally, we propose the object pool mechanism for efficient management of TC-user objects and it is helpful for enhancement of scalability and reduction of the response time of remote service operations.