• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1998

다목적으로 활용할 수 있는 터보축엔진의 개발을 위한 정상상태 및 동적모사 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발비, 개발시간, 개발위험도의 절감을 위해 가스발생기 부분은 성능이 잘 알려진 기존의 터어보제트 엔진을 활용하였으며 수명연장을 위해 터빈재질을 교체하고, Larson-Miller 곡선을 이용하여 약 3000hr 이상의 수명을 확보하기 위한 최대회전속도와 최대 터빈입구온도를 결정하였다. 추가되는 동력터어빈의 구성품 성능선도는 압축기 터어빈의 성능선도를 축척하여 사용하였다. 정상상태 성능해석에는 유량 및 일평형 방정식을 이용하였으며, 가스발생기와 동력터빈의 공회전 상태에서부터 최대 회전속도까지 동력터빈은 10% 간격, 가스발생기는 5%RPM 간격으로 해석하였다. 동적모사시에는 일정유량평형방법(Constant Flow Method : CMF)을 이용하였으며, 급 가속의 상황을 가정하고 연료유량이 Step 증가하도록 Scheduling 하였다. 이 때 터빈 입구온도에 오버슈트가 발생하여 제한온도를 초과하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권11호
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• pp.1495-1504
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• 2013

Renewable energy integration and increased system complexities make system operator maintain supply and demand balance harder than before. To keep the grid frequency in a stable range, an appropriate spinning reserve margin should be procured with consideration of ever-changing system situation, such as demand, wind power output and generator failure. This paper propose a novel concept of dynamic reserve, which arrange different spinning reserve margin depending on time. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic reserve, we developed a new short-term reliability criterion that estimates the probability of a spinning reserve shortage events, thus indicating grid frequency stability. Uncertainties of demand forecast error, wind generation forecast error and generator failure have been modeled in probabilistic terms, and the proposed spinning reserve has been applied to generation scheduling. This approach has been tested on the modified IEEE 118-bus system with a wind farm. The results show that the required spinning reserve margin changes depending on the system situation of demand, wind generation and generator failure. Moreover the proposed approach could be utilized even in case of system configuration change, such as wind generation extension.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.187-200
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• 1998

This paper presents an original approach for solving short-term power scheduling in extended power system with two fuels in a unit and a limited fuel using Lagrangian relaxations. The underlying model incorporates the full set of costs and constraints including setup, production, ramping, and operational status, and takes the form of a mixed integer nonlinear control problem. Moreover, the mathematical model developed includes two fuels in a unit and a limited fuel, regulation reserve requirements of prespecified group of units. Lagrangian relaxation is used to disaggregate the model by generator into separate subproblems which are then solved with a nested dynamic program including empirical knowledges. The strength of the methodology lies partially in its ability to construct good feasible solutions from information provided by the dual. Thus, the need for branch-and-bound is eliminated. In addition, the inclusion of two fuels in a unit and a limited fuel provides new insight into the limitations of current techniques. Computational experience with the proposed algorithm indicates that Problems containing up to 23 units including 8 unit used two fuels and 24 time periods can be readily solved in reasonable times. Duality gaps of less than 4％ were achieved.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.1397-1405
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• 2017

As the introduction of wind power is steadily increasing, negative effects of wind power become more important. To operate a power system more reliable, the system operator needs to recognize the maximum required capacity of available generators for a certain period. For recognizing the maximum capacity, this paper proposes a methodology to determine an optimal reserve requirement considering wind power, for the certain period in the mid-term perspective. As wind speed is predicted earlier, the difference of the forecasted and the actual wind speed becomes greater. All possible forecast errors should be considered in determining optimal reserve, and they are represented explicitly by the proposed matrix form in this paper. In addition, impacts of the generator failure are also analyzed using the matrix form. Through three main stages which are the scheduling, contingency and evaluation stages, costs associated with power generation, reserve procurement and the usage, and the reliability cost are calculated. The optimal reserve requirement is determined so as to minimize the sum of these costs based on the cost/reliability analysis. In case study, it is performed to analyze the impact of wind power penetration on the reserve requirement, and how major factors affect it.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.418-428
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• 2005

In this paper, a new probabilistic generation modeling method which can address the characteristics of changed electricity industry is proposed. The major contribution of this paper can be captured in the development of a probabilistic generation modeling considering generator maintenance outage and in the classification of market demand into multiple demand clusters for the applications to electricity markets. Conventional forced outage rates of generators are conceptually combined with maintenance outage of generators and, consequently, effective outage rates of generators are newly defined in order to properly address the probabilistic characteristic of generation in electricity markets. Then, original market demands are classified into several distinct demand clusters, which are defined by the effective outage rates of generators and by the inherent characteristic of the original demand. We have found that generators have different effective outage rates values at each classified demand cluster, depending on the market situation. From this, therefore, it can be seen that electricity markets can also be classified into several groups which show similar patterns and that the fundamental characteristics of power systems can be more efficiently analyzed in electricity markets perspectives, for this classification can be widely applicable to other technical problems in power systems such as generation scheduling, power flow analysis, price forecasts, and so on.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.3236-3240
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• 2007

This paper describes the results of steam turbine performance tests. The objectives of performance test is to exactly evaluate the degradation(decrease in performance) of the coal-fired steam turbine generator in order to provide plant information to help performance engineers identify problems, improve performance, and make economic decisions about scheduling maintenance and optimizing operation. To achieve these goals, the periodic thermal performance tests have been carried out since the initial operation period, 1997. We made the calculation program and guidelines for the tests and developed the performance index of the turbine cycle on the basis of the ASME PTC. By comparing the performance changes throughout the whole operation period, we confirmed the performance reliabilities of the turbine and its conditions.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권66호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

Simulation-Based Expert System(SIMBES) is a very effective tool to solve complex antral hard problems. The SIMBES model includes a simulator, a feature extractor, a machine learning system, a performance evaluator, and a Knowledge-Based Expert System(KBES). Since SIMBES depends on Problem domains, a schedule-based material requirements planning problem, which is NP-hard, was selected to exemplify the SIMBES model. To implement the SIMBES application in Smalltalk paradigm, a system class hierarchy was constructed. The hierarchy consists of five large classes such as Job Generator, Job Scheduler, Job Evaluator, Inference Engine, and Executive System. Several classes inside these classes were identified. Additionally, instance protocols about all classes have been described in terms of messages and pseudo methods. These protocols can be implemented easily by any other object-oriented languages. Furthermore, these results may be used as a skeletal system to develop a new SIMBES efficiently, especially when the application is related to other scheduling problems.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.47-50
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• 1991

This paper discusses a knowledge-based system being developed by KAIST and KEPCO to assist planning the annual maintenance schedule of power units. To meet users' requirements, we have designed the system with several features: man-machine interaction, catalog system, user-friendliness, the hybrid-system of math-model and knowledge-base. In this paper, we introduce the outline of our system.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
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• pp.593_594
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• 2009

발전기 기동정지 계획은 다수의 발전기의 운영에서 비용을 최소화할 수 있는 기동 및 정지 시간을 결정하는 것이다. 대규모의 계통에서의 기동정지계획은 복잡한 계통 및 발전기 특성 제약이 시계열적으로 작용하기 때문에 최적화 분야에서도 어려운 문제에 해당한다. 더욱이 최근 증가하는 풍력발전원은 그 출력이 풍속에 따라 시시각각 변동하기 때문에 기동정지계획에서 함께 고려되는 것이 힘들었다. 본 논문은 이러한 풍력발전 출력의 불확실성을 랜덤발생하여 기댓값을 최적화하는 발전기 기동정지계획을 통해 풍력발전원이 기동정지계획에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 제시하는 방법으로 모의계통의 사례연구를 통해 유용성을 입증하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.929-935
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• 2011

Customers hardly change to electric prices in old days because electricity is essential commodity, while demand changes with price after deregulation. It's explained by price-based demand response with demand-elasticity matrix. Also all of the customers have had identical demand-price elasticity matrix till now. But in a practical power system, various customers are present with taking a variety of demand-price elasticity. Therefore this paper proposes demand-price sensitivity to represent different demand-price elasticity. Also as proposing demand-reliability sensitivity, it is modeling various customers' characteristics to reliability. And then this paper calculates total expected interruption cost of customer from the customer interruption cost and the demand-reliability sensitivity. A total expected interruption cost of system is shown as opportunity cost of a generation cost.