• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.114-125
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• 2020

Despite the various artificial neural networks that have been developed, most of the discharge models in previous studies have been developed using deep neural networks. This study aimed to develop a discharge model using a convolution neural network (CNN), which was used to solve classification problems. Furthermore, the applicability of CNN was evaluated. The photographs (pictures or images) for input data to CNN could not clearly show the characteristics of the study area as well as precipitation. Hence, the model employed in this study had to use numerical images. To solve the problem, the CN of NRCS was used to generate images as input data for the model. The generated images showed a good possibility of applicability as input data. Moreover, a new application of CN, which had been used only for discharge prediction, was proposed in this study. As a result of CNN training, the model was trained and generalized stably. Comparison between the actual and predicted values had an R² of 0.79, which was relatively high. The model showed good performance in terms of the Pearson correlation coefficient (0.84), the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) (0.63), and the root mean square error (24.54 ㎥/s).

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.27-38
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• 2013

Currently a number of managers exist to manage heterogeneous networks, in this situation, the NETCONF protocol for efficient network management has been proposed as a new protocol. However, the standard NETCONF protocol stack continuous improvement since the establishment but in four layers still have some problems. Especially in situations where there are multiple administrators, problems are more highlighted in operation layer. In this paper, we focus on these issues and the Operation layer has improved the efficiency and flexibility of operations among NETCONF four layers. Additionally, for the inefficiency of updates improved the device settings based on improved operation techniques. In addition, standard protocol NETCONF did not proposed content layer data structure and we propose standard technique of content layer that can generate configuration structure of devices. Improved the three techniques are applied appropriately to the NETCONF, the proposed method and the existing NETCONF was performed experiment to compare with experimental four factors. Compare key factor are four kind as maintaining the probability of network function, the reaction performance about command, the number of control packets, performance of data creation in content layer. Such factors after performing the experiment, the proposed method in this paper is superior to the existing NETCONF and there was confirmed by analysis Experimental results.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.109-133
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• 2009

Among biological information, GenBank, provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)of the United States, is a representative database on genetic information and is the most widely used by researchers around the world. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) visits NCBI on a regular basis and downloads the latest version of GenBank to reorganize the information gathered there into a database. This database is provided for Korean researchers of science and technology through the Bio-KRISTAL search engine, developed by KISTI. This study aims to design a service model that links information on papers, patents, and biodiversity and other contents of NDSL, an integrated service on scientific and technological information run by KISTI, with GenBank's reference and organism fields and to develop a prototype system. For this purpose, this paper explores the possibility of a linkage and convergence service between heterogeneous content by: (a) collecting GenBank data from NCBI's FTP site; (b) dividing GenBank text files into basic and reference genetic information and restructuring them into a database; (c) extracting article and patent information from the GenBank reference fields to generate new tables; and (d) leveraging data mapping technology to implement a prototype system where GenBank and NDSL data are interlinked and provided.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.549-558
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• 2001

It is important to reuse existing motion capture data for reduction of the animation producing cost as well as efficiency of producing process. Because its motion curve has no control point, however, it is difficult to modify the captured data interactively. The motion transition is a useful method to reuse the existing motion data. It generates a seamless intermediate motion with two short motion sequences. In this paper, Uniform Posture Map (UPM) algorithm is proposed to perform the motion transition. Since the UPM is organized through quantization of various postures with an unsupervised learning algorithm, it places the output neurons with similar posture in adjacent position. Using this property, an intermediate posture of two active postures is generated; the generating posture is used as a key-frame to make an interpolating motion. The UPM algorithm needs much less computational cost, in comparison with other motion transition algorithms. It provides a control parameter; an animator could control the motion simply by adjusting the parameter. These merits of the UPM make an animator to produce the animation interactively. The UPM algorithm prevents from generating an unreal posture in learning phase. It not only makes more realistic motion curves, but also contributes to making more natural motions. The motion transition algorithm proposed in this paper could be applied to the various fields such as real time 3D games, virtual reality applications, web 3D applications, and etc.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.554-569
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• 2005

In the semistructured distributed documents, it is very difficult to formalize and implement the query processing system due to the lack of structure and rule of the data. In order to precisely retrieve and process the heterogeneous semistructured documents, it is required to handle multiple mappings such as 1:1, 1:W and W:1 on an element simultaneously and to generate the schema from the distributed documents. In this paper, we have proposed an query processing algorithm for querying and answering on the heterogeneous semistructured data or documents over distributed systems and implemented with a metadata interface. The algorithm for generating local queries from the global query consists of mapping between g1oba1 and local nodes, data transformation according to the mapping types, path substitution, and resolving the heterogeneity among nodes on a global input query with metadata information. The mapping, transformation, and path substitution algorithms between the global schema and the local schemas have been implemented the metadata interface called DBXMI (for Distributed Documents XML Metadata Interface). The nodes with the same node name and different mapping or meanings is resolved by automatically extracting node identification information from the local schema automatically. The system uses Quilt as its XML query language. An experiment testing is reported over 3 different OEM model semistructured restaurant documents. The prototype system is developed under Windows system with Java and JavaCC compiler.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.921-931
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• 2009

For the assessment of climate change impacts for the Byeongseong stream, CGCM 3.1 T63 is selected as future climate information. The projections come from CGCM used to simulate the GHG emission scenario known as A2. Air temperature and precipitation information from the GCM simulations are converted to regional scale data using the statistical downscaling method known as MSPG. Downscaled climate data from GCM are then used as the input data for the SWAT model to generate regional runoff and water quality estimates in the Byeongseong stream. As a result of simple sensitivity analysis, the increase of CO2 concentration leads to increase water yield through reduction of evapotranspiration and increase of soil water. Hydrologic responses to climate change are in phase with precipitation change. Climate change is expected to reduce water yields in the period of 2021-2030. In the period of 2051-2060, stream flow is expected to be reduced in spring season and increased in summer season. While soil losses are also in phase with water yields, nutrient discharges (i.e., total nitrogen) are not always in phase with precipitation change. However, it should be noted that there are a lot of uncertainties in such multiple-step analysis used to convert climate information from GCM-based future climate projections into hydrologic information.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2013

Association rule of data mining techniques is the method to quantify the relationship between a set of items in a huge database, andhas been applied in various fields like internet shopping mall, healthcare, insurance, and education. There are three primary interestingness measures for association rule, support and confidence and lift. Confidence is the most important measure of these measures, and we generate some association rules using confidence. But it is an asymmetric measure and has only positive value. So we can face with difficult problems in generation of association rules. In this paper we apply the similarity measures by probabilistic interestingness measure (PIM) with all marginal proportions (AMP) to solve this problem. The comparative studies with support, confidences, lift, chi-square statistics, and some similarity measures by PIM with AMPare shown by numerical example. As the result, we knew that the similarity measures by PIM with AMP could be seen the degree of association same as confidence. And we could confirm the direction of association because they had the sign of their values, and select the best similarity measure by PIM with AMP.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.328-340
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• 2019

Purpose: To generate phase images with free of motion-induced artifact and susceptibility-induced distortion using 3D radial ultrashort TE (UTE) MRI. Materials and Methods: The field map was theoretically derived by solving Laplace's equation with appropriate boundary conditions, and used to simulate the image distortion in conventional spin-warp MRI. Manufacturer's 3D radial imaging sequence was modified to acquire maximum number of radial spokes in a given time, by removing the spoiler gradient and sampling during both rampup and rampdown gradient. Spoke direction randomly jumps so that a readout gradient acts as a spoiling gradient for the previous spoke. The custom raw data was reconstructed using a homemade image reconstruction software, which is programmed using Python language. The method was applied to a phantom and in-vivo human brain and abdomen. The performance of UTE was compared with 3D GRE for phase mapping. Local phase mapping was compared with T₂* mapping using UTE. Results: The phase map using UTE mimics true field-map, which was theoretically calculated, while that using 3D GRE revealed both motion-induced artifact and geometric distortion. Motion-free imaging is particularly crucial for application of phase mapping for abdomen MRI, which typically requires multiple breathold acquisitions. The air pockets, which are caught within the digestive pathway, induce spatially varying and large background field. T₂* map, that was calculated using UTE data, suffers from non-uniform T₂* value due to this background field, while does not appear in the local phase map of UTE data. Conclusion: Phase map generated using UTE mimicked the true field map even when non-zero susceptibility objects were present. Phase map generated by 3D GRE did not accurately mimic the true field map when non-zero susceptibility objects were present due to the significant field distortion as theoretically calculated. Nonetheless, UTE allows for phase maps to be free of susceptibility-induced distortion without the use of any post-processing protocols.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.16-24
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• 2011

The IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (Local Area Network) is widely used for wireless access due to its easy deployment and low cost. Multicast in wireless LANs is very useful for transmitting data to multiple receivers compared to unicast to each receiver. In the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, multicast transmissions are unreliable since multicast data packets are transmitted without any feedback from receivers. Recently, various protocols have been proposed to enhance the reliability of multicast transmissions. They still have serious problems in reliability and efficiency due to the excessive control overhead by the use of a large number of control packets in the error recovery process, and due to a large number of retransmissions to satisfy all receivers. In this paper, we propose an effective scheme called PTRM(Proactive Transmission based Reliable Multicast). The proposed scheme uses a block erasure code to generate parity packets and to reduce the impact of independent packet error among receivers. After generating parity packets, the PTRM transmits data packets as many as receivers need to recover error, and then requests feedback from them. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme provides reliable multicast while minimizing the feedback overhead.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.46-66
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• 2002

High-resolution multichannel seismic data were collected in the coastal area near the Gori nuclear power plant to investigate Quaternary fault pattern and timing. A 12 channel streamer, a sparker, and a portable recorder were used for data acquisition. Because the group interval of the streamer was 6.25 m and the sparker can generate acoustic waves with the frequency content of up to 500 Hz, the data show a significant improvement both in horizontal and vertical resolution. The area surveyed is covered with 30-40 m thick Holocene sediments that constitute the mud belt along the southeastern coast of Korea. The survey area is characterized by the well discriminated Pleistocene and Holocene boundary and shallow gas-charged zones. A number of Quaternary faults were found in the sediment column, that are nearly vertical and extend north-south. The Quaternary faults, arranged at a spacing of a few hundred meters, suggest that they were formed in response to compression, although some of them reveal extensional characteristics. Locally, faults disrupt Incised-channel fills that are interpreted to have formed in the early stage of transgression after the beginning of the Holocene. Seismic sections suggest that shallow gas in the mud belt sediments made its way upward through the fractured fault planes. The tectonism responsible for the opening of the East Sea has not persisted since the late Miocene, but vigorous Quaternary faulting activity in the vicinity of the southeastern Korean Peninsula indicates that tectonic stability has yet to be achieved in this region underlain by the hotter than normal mantle.