• 대한간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.131-143
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• 1974

Antenatal care is zoomed toward3 assisting the Individual to achieve safe and wholesome state of health during pregnancy. Nature of fear is assumed to be rooted to complex interaction between past experiences, human relationship and present state of health, however. specific relationship between fear and the variables have not yet been ascertained. This study is designed to investigate the nature of fear of pregnancy, and the correlation between fear and the personal and environmental variables such as personal characteristics past experiences. and psycho-social factors. During the period from October 23 to November 5, 215 pregnant and 104 non-pregnant women of similar chronological are group residing in Seoul were interviewed according to check-list by random General anxiety test, general personality test and test for fear of pregnancy, family according to specific variables such as past experiences of Pregnancy and childbirth, structure of family, family relationship and month of pregnancy was done to the group of pregnant women. To non-pregnant group, general anxiety test was performed to compare with pregnant group. Results of the study are as follows; 1. Hypothesis 1; Degree of general anxiety will be higher e pregnant women compared to that of non-pregnant women. There is no significant difference between the general anxiety of pregnant women and that of non-pregnant women. Therefore, hypothesis I is rejected. 2. Hypothesis 2: Fear of pregnancy and general anxiety will be correlated with personality factors. Through test for fear of pregnancy and general anxiety, a meager contra-correlation between fear and only two personal factors (R and E factor) is revealed but there is no significant correlation between fear and other personal factors (A.S. and T factor). Degree of fear of pregnancy tends to b: higher in the group with low personality factors; responsibility and emotional stability expect the correlation between ascendancy, sociability, and confidence-inferiority. non-significant. Through general anxiety test, level of general anxiety tends to be higher in the group. with low personality factors; responsibility. emotional stability, and confidence except ascendency and sociability, non-significant. Hypothesis 2 is partially supported. 3. Hypothesis 3; General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with the past experience-ol pregnancy, and child-birth experience. Though general anxiety test and test for fear of pregnancy, non-significant difference is revealed by P〉.05 level Hypothesis 3 is rejected. 4. Hypothesis 4: General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with the month at pregnancy will be correlated with the month of pregnancy. Through tests of general anxiety and fear, significant correlation is revealed degree of fear by-P〈.05 level (CR=1.98) and level of general anxiety by P〈.005 level (CR=3. 11) is higher in the earlier stage of pregnancy. Hypothesis 4 is supported. 5. Hypothesis 5, 6, 7; General anxiety and fear of pregnancy will be correlated with socio-economic status, family structure, and family relationship. Through general anxiety test and tear of pregnancy test, non-significant is revealed by P〉.05 level. Hypothesis 3.6.7 are rejected. Conclusion and recommendation Level of general: anxiety and degree of fear of pregnancy is shown not to be correlated with variables of past experiencers of pregnancy and child-birth. and family factors except the month of - pregnancy. Personal characteristics are shown to be partially contra-correlated meagerly with genera anxiety and fear of pregnancy. This study revealed contrasted results, in regard to presence of correlation between general anxiety and fear of pregnancy to other thesis. In this context. further studies under controlled environment is recommended.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between general fear of crime and specific fear of crime. Also, it is to suggest the way of analyzing fear of crime by summing up the two concepts. This study finds a reason why fear of crime varies from person to person within the same sex and similar age group. In particular, this study intends to analyze the models that affect fear of crime to figure out which is relevant to those in the high-risk group. And with the results, we can devise measurements to effectively reduce fear of crime in a local community. The following facts have been found in this study: positive correlation between general fear of crime and specific fear of crime, method of subdividing group with fear of crime, models that affect fear of crime and sub-items that greatly relate to high-risk groups.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.741-749
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• 2012

Objectives : High school students to measure fear of dental treatment, dental health care workers according to the level of reliability of this study is to determine the extent of terror was carried out. Methods : Located in Gwangju, 165 high school students were surveyed. SPSS windows ver. 11.0 by demographic characteristics and oral health characteristics of the frequency and percentage, and dental health care workers about the reliability of the Chi-square test, the general characteristics and oral health characteristics by dental fear of the t-test and one way ANOVA and were factors associated with dental fear of the stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. General characteristics, except Cronbach-${\alpha}$ coefficient was 0.911. Results : According the general fear of Dental Treatment Fear Factor item 4, you'll feel the highest fear when you feel the muscle tension and the needle pricks your skin. The reliability of dental health care workers if the dentist lower the higher the grade, subjective oral health status is considered more reliable health was higher, the stronger the reliability of pain was significantly lower (p<0.05). Other care coordination include the reliability of sources of interest in subjective oral health history, no past experience in treating pain and increase the number of reliability was low (p<0.05), past experience and increase the number of pain during treatment the stronger the fear of more pain showed an increase (p<0.05). Conclusion : According the related factors about the fear of dental treatment, stimulus-response and fear of dental office have increased, the fear of dental treatment increase.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2023

Background: This study used text mining techniques to determine public perceptions of dental fear, extracted keywords related to dental fear, identified the connection between the keywords, and categorized and visualized perceptions related to dental fear. Methods: Keywords in texts posted on Internet portal sites (NAVER and Google) between 1 January, 2000, and 31 December, 2022, were collected. The four stages of analysis were used to explore the keywords: frequency analysis, term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), centrality analysis and co-occurrence analysis, and convergent correlations. Results: In the top ten keywords based on frequency analysis, the most frequently used keyword was 'treatment,' followed by 'fear,' 'dental implant,' 'conscious sedation,' 'pain,' 'dental fear,' 'comfort,' 'taking medication,' 'experience,' and 'tooth.' In the TF-IDF analysis, the top three keywords were dental implant, conscious sedation, and dental fear. The co-occurrence analysis was used to explore keywords that appear together and showed that 'fear and treatment' and 'treatment and pain' appeared the most frequently. Conclusion: Texts collected via unstructured big data were analyzed to identify general perceptions related to dental fear, and this study is valuable as a source data for understanding public perceptions of dental fear by grouping associated keywords. The results of this study will be helpful to understand dental fear and used as factors affecting oral health in the future.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.585-593
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study were to measure the effect of factors analyse the associated by the dental treatment fear of level middle school student's, and then to provide basic material which can help to improve adolescent's oral health and dental service. Methods : This subject of study consists of 342 middle schools each 1,2,3 grade Daegu city. The data were collected from July through August 2009, by way of the self-reported questionnaire. The data materials are analyzed by general characteristics and dental service behavior frequency analysis, dental fear of levels general characteristics, dental service behavior, the burden of dental visits, the pain experience of the past ${\chi}^2$-test and dental treatment fear relationship with multiple regression analysis. Results : General characteristics, 56.7% for boys and girls, with 43.3 percent of boys and girls high. dental service behavior in the dental visited was treatment purpose 76.5%, preventive purpose 23.5%. high-level dental treatment fear of the female 60.8%, male 33.0% was higher, The higher age also increased dental fear of the levels, dental services dental visit in 1-2 year the dental fear level of the higher, was statistically significant (p<0.05). Medical purpose 'preventive' than 'treatment' is a higher dental fear. Factors affecting dental treatment fear experiences directly from your pain (${\beta}$=0.116), inadequate anesthesia, treatment experience (${\beta}$=0.126), indirect painful experience (${\beta}$=0.125) in both a statistically significant positive relationship was found (p<0.05). Conclusions : Finally, it is necessary carry out further studies on the improvement of dental service of oral health of adolescent based on the dental treatment fear.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the age-related differences in risk perception of breast cancer and the age-related differences in predictors of risk perception. Method: The subjects were 553 women aged from 15 to 64 who lived in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Jeon-nam province. Data was collected by self-reported questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, F-test with Scheffe test, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS-Win 10.0 version. Result: Risk perception of breast cancer was different by age group. Especially, risk perception in teenagers and the 50~64 years group was lower than the other groups. Additionally, general fear of breast cancer, information seeking style, experience, and knowledge were different between the age groups. The results of multiple regression analyses predicting risk perception indicated the following significant predictors: general fear and knowledge in all the subjects, general fear and experience in the 20~29 years group, and general fear in the other age groups. Conclusion: These results suggested that the construction of educational messages for breast cancer prevention and early detection should be designed differently for each age group.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5845-5851
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• 2014

Reducing fear of cancer is significant in developing cancer screening interventions, but the levels of fear may vary depending on the degrees of media exposure as well as individuals' socioeconomic positions (SEP). However, few studies have examined how the SEP influences the fear of cancer under the moderating process of general and specific forms of media exposure. We investigated the moderating effect of media exposure on the relationship between SEP and the level of fear of cancer by assuming that cancer knowledge is a covariate between those two. In particular, this study examined how exposure to both general and specific media changes the series of processes from SEP to fear of cancer. We conducted path analyses with three types of media - television, radio and the Internet- using data from a health communication survey of 613 adults in Massachusetts in the United States. We found that SEP influences cancer knowledge directly and fear of cancer indirectly, as moderated by the level of media exposure. Health-specific exposure, however, had a more consistent effect than general media exposure in lowering the fear of cancer by increasing knowledge about cancer. A higher level of health-specific exposure and greater amount of cancer knowledge lessened the fear of cancer. In addition, the more people were exposed to health information on television and the Internet, the lower the level of fear of cancer as a result. These findings indicate a relationship between SEP and fear of cancer, as moderated by the level and type of media exposure. Furthermore, the findings suggest that for early detection or cancer prevention strategies, health communication approaches through mass media need to be considered.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.535-551
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to know dental service and fear after research on reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists. Methods: This study was conducted by the 325 persons who had the experience of visiting dental medical institution. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 12.0 with T-test, ANOVA and correlation. The obtained results were as follows: Results: 1. Internal consistency of Dental Beliefs Survey(DBS) and dental hygienists satisfaction questionnaire factors were 0.758~0.908(Cronbach' alpha). And the Cronbach' alpha's coefficients of the all subscales were more than 0.6. So high reliability and validity were identified. 2. As result of analysing fear from general feature, the men feel more fear than women and more fear was felt in the case of having worse teeth status. Fear was higher in case of visiting to dental clinic than in case of visiting dental clinic for precaution. And that was statistically related. 3. Dental fear was higher in the case of having the past pain experience, insufficient anesthesia experience, experience of seeing other persons pain and this was statistically related(P<0.01)(P<0.05). 4. Average of reliability on dentists was 37.9, person who has high reliability was 81.8%, person who has low reliability was 18.2%, average of satisfaction on dental hygienists was 31.5%(Satisfaction on dental hygienists was 51.1% and dissatisfaction on dental hygienists was 48.9%). 5. Higher dentists reliability and satisfaction on dental hygienists has lower fear considering general feature and dental clinic use behavior but person who has the dental clinic to go regularly has higher dentists reliability and satisfaction on dental hygienists where, however, fear was not low. 6. As result of analyzing correlation between dental service and dental clinic use behavior, satisfaction on dental hygienists was negatively related to reliability on dentists and fear. And, reliability on dentists was positively related to fear, pain experience in dental clinic, incomplete anesthesia experience, near person pain experience(experience on seeing person in pain), which were statistically related(p<0.01). Conclusions: In relation to general features and reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists caused by dental clinic use behavior, dental fear was decreased when reliability and satisfaction are higher. Group with low dental fear had higher reliability on dentists and satisfaction on dental hygienists than group with high dental fear but only reliability on dentists was statistically related(p<0.05).

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.350-361
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 15세에서 17세의 청소년들을 대상으로 치과치료에 대한 공포감의 일반적인 경향과 관련변인들에 따라 공포감이 어떻게 차이가 나며, 이들 변인들이 치과치료에 대한 공포감에 영향을 미치는 정도와 인과관계를 밝히고자 하였다. DFS, DBS 및 GFS를 포함한 설문도구와 청소년의 특성에 관한 문항들로 구성된 설문지를 이용하였고, SPSS를 이용하여 단변량 분석을 시행한 후 LISREL 8.12를 사용하여 공변량 구조모형을 분석하였다. DFS (0.957), DBS (0.916) 및 GFS (0.910)의 Cronbach 신뢰도 계수가 모두 0.9이상으로 높게 나타났고, 자신의 치아상태가 건강하지 않다고 생각할수록, 최근 구강 내 동통을 경험했을 경우, 치과치료 시 동통을 강하게 느꼈을 경우, 그리고 치료 시 동통을 자주 경험했을 경우와 치과약속을 어긴적이 있을 경우에 그렇지 않은 경우보다 치과치료에 대한 공포감의 수준이 통계적으로 유의하게 높아지는 추세로 나타났다. 구조방정식 모형의 적합도는 양호하게 나타났으며, 치과치료시 동통정도와 동통 횟수, 치과약속을 어긴 횟수, 치과의사에 대한 불신감 그리고 일반적인 공포감이 치과치료와 관련된 공포감에 정(+)의 직접효과가 있었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.539-543
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 울산시내 일부 고등학생들을 대상으로 청소년들이 갖는 치과치료와 관련된 공포감과 개개인이 가지고 있는 기질간의 인과관계를 밝히기 위하여 4개 고등학교 남 학생들을 대상으로 DFS와 EAS의 정도를 측정하여, 최종 1,841명의 자료를 수집한 후 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. DFS(0.957), EAS(0.630)의 Cronbach 신뢰도 계수가 모두 0.6이상으로 양호하게 나타나 설문도구의 유용성을 확인하였다. 2. 치과치료에 대한 공포감은 여자가 남자보다 높았고, 개인기질 유형 중 기질 III(양가적인 정서조절 군)이 다른 유형에 비해 치과치료에 대한 공포감이 낮았다.