• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.215-225
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• 2012

We initiate the study of interval-valued fuzzy quasi-ideal of a semigroup. In Section 2, we list some basic definitions in the later sections. In Section 3, we investigate interval-valued fuzzy subsemigroups and in Section 4, we define interval-valued fuzzy quasi-ideals and establish some of their basic properties. In Section 5, we obtain characterizations of regular and intraregular semigroups using the machinery developed in the preceding sections.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 내용 분석법(content analysis)과 Romey의 분석법을 적용하여 상업 정보계 고등학교 '컴퓨터 일반' 교과서를 분석하였다. 내용 분석법으로 교과서의 구성 체계와 내용을 분석하였으며, Romey의 분석법으로 4개의 분석요소인 본문, 자료, 활동, 평가에 대한 탐구적 경향을 판별하였다. 내용 분석법을 적용한 결과, 교과서를 구성하는 중영역의 수, 영역별 페이지 수, 영역별 개념의 수에서 교과서별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. Romey의 분석법을 적용한 결과, 교과서 본문은 탐구적 경향이 낮은 형태로 기술되었으며, 학습 자료와 활동은 각각 1권, 평가는 2권의 교과서가 탐구적 경향이 높게 구성된 것으로 확인되었다. 본 논문에서는 분석 결과를 바탕으로 '컴퓨터 일반' 교과서의 개선 방안을 제안하였다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2007

Various changes in medical environments including growing elderly population, chronic diseases, deepening competition among hospitals since opening to foreign medical service, economic strategy for improvement of profit system have caused hospitals to be specialized. In this backgrounds, the purpose of this study is to receive basic data for architectural planning on the spatial organization of outpatient department in general hospital. The results of this study were as follows; First, major changes of outpatient department in general hospital are composed of 'co-work in medical examination and treatment', 'decentralization of diagnosis and treatment(D/T)' and 'patient-oriented medical service'. Changes by co-work system include appearance of medical offices for co-work, activation of specialized clinics, grouping of E/T section for outpatient and various types of specialized centers. Second, the grouping of E/T sections means the modification of E/T system and organization in general hospitals, and a new spatial organization will be needed. Third, the types of specialized centers are getting varied. they are classified into several types including disease-resource, social stratum-resource, human organ-resource, health-resource, rehabilitation-resource, alternative medical center and so on.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.275-289
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• 2013

The cross sections of multi-span beams are sometimes suddenly increased at the interior support of continuous beams to resist high negative moment. An earlier study on elastic lateral torsional buckling of stepped beams was conducted to propose new design equations. This research aims to continue the earlier study by considering the effect of inelastic buckling of stepped beams subjected to pure bending and general loading condition. A three-dimensional finite element-program ABAQUS and a statistical program MINITAB were used in the development of new design equations. The inelastic lateral torsional buckling strengths of 36 and 27 models for singly and doubly stepped beams, respectively, were investigated. The general loading condition consists of 15 loading cases based on the number of inflection point within the unbraced length of the stepped beams. The combined effects of residual stresses and geometrical imperfection were also considered to evaluate the inelastic buckling strengths. The proposed equations in this study will definitely improve current design methods for the inelastic lateral-torsional buckling of stepped beams and will increase efficiency in building and bridge design.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.267-284
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• 1999

The purpose of this study are 1. Evaluate the degree of knowledge of Vaginal Birth After Cesarean(VBAC) of Korean nurses. 2. To gather and develop educational material for VBAC. The sample was surveyed Korean Nurses knowledge about VBAC, from November 1998 through March 1999. For the data analysis, the SPSS computer program percentage and frequency were used for descriptive statistics. The x2 and the t-test were used to compare the results of the two sample groups. Open questions asked in the survey were sorted out by content, then displayed in chart form. For the education material, the Internet was the main source of information. Information on the Internet was provided by professional doctors and prenatal educational nurses. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. Out of 97 Nurses 15.3% answered that cesarean deliveries do not need to be performed after previous cesarean sections : however. 46.4% answered that cesarean sections must be performed after previous cesarean sections. 2. Of the nurses surveyed 14% had no knowledge or had never heard of VBAC. 3 Nurses did not have questions from patients concerning VBAC was 34.7%. This led to the conclusion that patients either do not have knowledge about VBAC or patients have no interest in the trial of labor. 4, Nurses indicated that their information about VBAC originated from other people's experiences (31%), Nursing School (25%), Media information (9%), and through literature review (6%). This data led to the conclusion that the knowledge about VBAC may not be extensive enough to counsel and guide patients who are willing to endure the trial of labor. 5. Nurses preferred hospital education programs to develop their knowledge concerning VBAC. Based upon survey, the conclusion was made that General Nurses and Maternity Nurses did not have knowledge about VBAC success rates and the possibility of a trial of labor. In order for nurses to help patients make decisions concerning VBAC, nurses have to gam more knowledge through hospital educational programs. Further more, the study suggests that through hospital educational programs, the possibility and importance of VBAC must be emphasized to nurses who work in maternity areas. Second, through prenatal educational programs, the possibility and importance of VBAC must be explained and emphasized to patients who had previous cesarean sections. Third, the clinical pathways of VBAC need to be developed. Fourth, each hospital needs to develop multi-disciplinary teams, consis-ting of obstetricians, risk management/quality management, staff registered nurses, and the director for perinatal services. This team can review cesarean section rates and help to increase the practice of VBAC.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.521-529
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• 1994

This paper studies the realization of irreducible unitary representations of $GL_2(R)$ and $GL_2(C)$ by Bargmann's classification[1]. Since the representations of general matrix groups can be obtained by the extensions of characters of a special linear group, we shall follow to a large extent the pattern of the results in [5], [6], and [8]. This article is divided into two sections. In the first section we describe the realization of principal series and discrete series and complementary series of $GL_2(R)$. The last section is devoted to the derivation of principal series and complementary series of $GL_2(C).

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.1044-1049
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• 1990

This paper is concerned with a ceramic filter laminated in the order of piezoelectric vibrator/that insulator/piezoelectric vibrator, and introduces general expressions near the resonant frequency, related with electrical inputs and outputs, gain and phase difference between input and output voltages, resonant frequency, and bandwidth, when the electrodes of the output element are divided by n equi-sections. This paper also shows that those expressions describe well the related experimental phenomena when n=1.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.44-48
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• 2005

In general, the parallel-connected linear induction motors(LIM) are fed by one VVVF inverter in the magnetically levitated vehicle(MAGLEV) or linear motor subway drives. The air gap length of the parallel-connected linear induction motors operating at a grade or curved sections can be different each other. The air gap difference of the two motors attached to the same module causes unequal phase currents, asymmetic thrust and attraction force generation. In this paper, parellel-connected linear induction motors are operated by one IGBT inverter under the different air gap condition so that the phase current characteristics are examined experimentally.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.217-222
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• 1990

A general ray tracing scheme has been developed for using a personal computer which trace finite rays through any non-rotationally symmetric system. This scheme may be used for the surface type such as conic section with or without aspherics, toric surfaces, sagittal and tangential cylindrical sections and axicons. Specially, any combinational of decentered, tilted and rotated surfaces has been considered. Before transfering to the next surfaces, the local coordinates are refered back to an initial reference coordinate system. We can get a mathmtical model of a non-rotationally symmetrical finite ray trace running on an inexpensive personal computer.

• 대한교통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한교통학회 1998년도 Proceedings The 4th International Transport Symposium
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• pp.17-24
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• 1998

The article expounds that the speed competition is the motive force of each transportation means. It also analyzes the current condition of the speed of Chinese railways. The developing strategy for Chinese railway is to raise the speed of the existing lines as a primary step and to construct the high-speed railway in selected sections concurrently, which proved that constructing high-speed railway in Beijing-Shanghai area is the best choice.